Ⅴ. 阅读下面的短文,从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其正确形式填空

Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the years. In the 1 ,it was a small quiet village. All the changes began ten years ago. People built a highway past the village. And 2 then, more and more 3 have been set up. Lots of local people went to work in them and they 4 rich soon.
Now there are high 5 all over the place. The traffic is busy. Life has become much better and their living 6 have become much better too. But at the same time, the changes have brought some problems. For example, the 7 is not as good as before. There is much more air 8 because of too many cars. The second problem is that local people can't get 9 to living in flats.
Anyway,every coin(硬币) has two sides. At 10 ,people here are enjoying their new life and are working hard to make the place a better one.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________
4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________
7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________
10. ________

1. past 2. since 3. factories 4. became
5. buildings 6. conditions 7. environment
8. pollution 9. used 10. present

Ⅵ. 新素材 高铁助力双城生活 (2023·南通海安紫石中学期中)完形填空
High - speed railways have greatly changed people's lives in recent years. More and more Chinese people would like to travel from one city to 1 by high - speed train. Many young people even choose to live a “twins life”—living in a quiet city 2 working in a busy and modern city.
“I had my first chance to take the high - speed train last week when I had a business meeting in Beijing,” John said. As somebody who disliked public transport all the time in the US, John was 3 about his travelling experience at first. But later he was really amazed at China's high - speed trains after 4 in Beijing.
“Trains in China are clean and the seats are very huge. I can't even 5 how fast the train is moving,” John told us. If there were no windows, most people wouldn't be able to tell when we 6 or when we were travelling at 300 km/h. Yes,it is so smooth. Even a coin can keep its balance(平衡) on the train. 7 ,you can enjoy nice food and drinks on the train. Compared with(与……对比) other kinds of public transport,high - speed rail means the least noise and 8 . So,besides providing fast and enjoyable services(服务) for people,it can also protect the environment. Maybe this is the reason why the Chinese government has 9 building its railway all the time. It is reported that a new type of “flying train”,which can run at 4,000 km/h,is on the way. If the train is completed,with its 10 five times faster than that of a plane,it will change the whole world's travel mode.
Just imagine one picture: you close your eyes as soon as you get on the train. After taking a short rest and waking up,congratulate: welcome to China!
1. A. other
B. another
C. the other
D. the others
2. A. if
B. when
C. until
D. while
3. A. happy
B. excited
C. worried
D. sad
4. A. arriving
B. joining
C. studying
D. living
5. A. look
B. see
C. feel
D. listen
6. A. stopped
B. moved
C. woke
D. flew
7. A. However
B. Moreover
C. Otherwise
D. Instead
8. A. shake
B. cost
C. waste
D. pollution
9. A. kept
B. missed
C. started
D. practised
10. A. time
B. trip
C. speed
D. journey

[文章大意]本文是一篇说明文。文章以约翰的经历为线索，介绍了中国高铁的变化和发展。
1. B [解析]考查代词辨析。句意：越来越多的中国人喜欢坐高铁从一个城市到另一个城市。other 其他的；another(三者及以上中的)另一个；the other(两者中的)另一个；the others(一定范围内的)其余的。根据“More and more Chinese people would like to travel from one city to... by high - speed train.”可知，此处考查固定短语 from one to another，表示“从一个到另一个”。故选 B。
2. D [解析]考查连词辨析。句意：许多年轻人甚至选择过一种“双城生活”——生活在一个安静的城市，而在一个繁忙和现代化的城市工作。if 如果；when 当……时；until 直到……为止；while 当……时，然而(表转折)。根据“living in a quiet city... working in a busy and modern city”可知，此处表示转折。故选 D。
3. C [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意：在美国，约翰一直不喜欢公共交通工具，一开始他很担心自己的旅行经历。happy 开心的；excited 激动的；worried 担心的；sad 悲伤的。根据“As somebody who disliked public transport all the time in the US”可知，约翰不喜欢公共交通，所以一开始是很担心的。故选 C。
4. A [解析]考查动词辨析。句意：但后来他到达北京后，他真的惊异于中国的高铁。arrive 到达；join 参加；study 学习；live 居住。根据“But later he was really amazed at China’s high - speed trains after... in Beijing.”可知，此处指约翰到达北京。故选 A。
5. C [解析]考查动词辨析。句意：我甚至感觉不到火车开得有多快。look 看起来；see 看见；feel 感觉；listen 听。根据“I can’t even... how fast the train is moving”可知，此处指感受不到列车在移动。故选 C。
6. A [解析]考查动词辨析。句意：如果没有窗户，大多数人都分辨不出我们什么时候停下来，什么时候以每小时 300 公里的速度行驶。stop 停止；move 移动；wake 叫醒；fly 飞。根据后文的“it is so smooth”可知，因为高铁行驶得十分平稳，所以人们分不清列车何时停止，何时在高速行驶。故选 A。
7. B [解析]考查副词辨析。句意：此外，你可以在列车上享受美味的食物和饮料。however 然而；moreover 此外；otherwise 否则；instead 而不是。根据“you can enjoy nice food and drinks on the train”可知，除前文提到的优点之外，人们还可以在高铁上享受美食，moreover 符合语境。故选 B。
8. D [解析]考查名词辨析。句意：与其他公共交通工具相比，高铁意味着最小的噪音和最少的污染。shake 摇动；cost 花费；waste 浪费；pollution 污染。根据下文“it can also protect the environment”可知，高铁更环保，造成的污染更少。故选 D。
9. A [解析]考查动词辨析。句意：也许这就是为什么中国政府一直在修建铁路的原因。keep 保持；miss 错过；start 开始；practise 练习。根据“Maybe this is the reason why the Chinese government has... building its railway all the time.”可知，中国政府一直在修建铁路。keep doing sth 是固定短语，意为“一直/继续做某事”。故选 A。
10. C [解析]考查名词辨析。句意：如果这种火车被制造完成，凭借着比飞机快五倍的速度，它将改变整个世界的旅行方式。time 时间；trip 旅行；speed 速度；journey 旅程。根据“with its... five times faster than that of a plane”可知，此处指这种火车的速度比飞机快。故选 C。
归纳总结 解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。因此，在做题时要培养边阅读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词，然后利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。