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(B)(泰州兴化市期中)
新情境知识科普 When the traffic lights turn red, we must stop driving a car or crossing a street. Why is red used for traffic lights? Why don't people use other colours?
As we know, scattering(散射)happens when light goes through the air. For the same medium(介质)，if the wavelength is long,the scattering will be weak. If the wavelength is short,then the scattering will be strong. The red light has the longest wavelength,so the scattering is the weakest. It means the red light can travel far.
The red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time. If drivers don't see the red light until they are close, they may not be able to stop the car in time. An accident may happen. Red can also excite people. We can act more quickly when we see the colour red. In a word, red lights help drivers stop in time and help prevent(阻止)accidents.
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(5分)
( )1. When the traffic lights turn ___, we must stop driving a car.
A. red B. yellow C. green
( )2. According to the passage, the red light has the ___wavelength.
A. longest B. weakest C. farthest
( )3. The underlined word "wavelength" means“___”in Chinese.
A. 水花 B. 波长 C. 声浪
( )4. What can the red light help drivers do?
A. The red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights.
B. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time.
C. Both A and B.
( )5. A(n) ___ may happen if drivers don't see the red light until they are close.
A. surprise B. scattering C. accident
新情境知识科普 When the traffic lights turn red, we must stop driving a car or crossing a street. Why is red used for traffic lights? Why don't people use other colours?
As we know, scattering(散射)happens when light goes through the air. For the same medium(介质)，if the wavelength is long,the scattering will be weak. If the wavelength is short,then the scattering will be strong. The red light has the longest wavelength,so the scattering is the weakest. It means the red light can travel far.
The red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time. If drivers don't see the red light until they are close, they may not be able to stop the car in time. An accident may happen. Red can also excite people. We can act more quickly when we see the colour red. In a word, red lights help drivers stop in time and help prevent(阻止)accidents.
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(5分)
( )1. When the traffic lights turn ___, we must stop driving a car.
A. red B. yellow C. green
( )2. According to the passage, the red light has the ___wavelength.
A. longest B. weakest C. farthest
( )3. The underlined word "wavelength" means“___”in Chinese.
A. 水花 B. 波长 C. 声浪
( )4. What can the red light help drivers do?
A. The red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights.
B. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time.
C. Both A and B.
( )5. A(n) ___ may happen if drivers don't see the red light until they are close.
A. surprise B. scattering C. accident
答案
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普类阅读理解题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心：解释交通信号灯选用红色的原因，包括红光波长最长、散射弱传播远，以及红光能刺激人们快速反应，帮助司机避免事故。
2. 针对每道小题，带着问题回到原文定位对应语句，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，筛选出符合原文的答案。比如第1题直接定位开篇第一句；第2题找关于红光波长的描述；第3题结合光的散射相关语境推测词义；第4题汇总红光对司机的帮助内容；第5题查找接近时才看到红灯的后果。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第一段第一句“When the traffic lights turn red, we must stop driving a car or crossing a street.”，可知红灯亮时必须停车，故选A。
2. 第2题：根据第二段关键句“The red light has the longest wavelength,so the scattering is the weakest.”，可知红光的波长最长，故选A。
3. 第3题：结合上下文“For the same medium，if the wavelength is long,the scattering will be weak. If the wavelength is short,then the scattering will be strong.”，此处描述光的传播特性，long和short修饰的是光的相关物理量，结合常识可推测“wavelength”意为“波长”，故选B。
4. 第4题：根据第三段内容“The red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time.”，A和B选项的内容均是红光对司机的帮助，故选C。
5. 第5题：根据第三段“If drivers don't see the red light until they are close, they may not be able to stop the car in time. An accident may happen.”，可知这种情况下可能会发生事故，故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C
【知识点】
科普文阅读理解、细节查找、词义猜测
【点评】
本文围绕交通信号灯选用红色的科学原理展开，题目均为基础细节题，考查学生对文章信息的定位和提取能力，以及简单的词义猜测能力。只要学生仔细阅读原文、精准定位语句，就能轻松作答，同时能帮助学生积累科普类文本的阅读经验。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇科普类阅读理解题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心：解释交通信号灯选用红色的原因，包括红光波长最长、散射弱传播远，以及红光能刺激人们快速反应，帮助司机避免事故。
2. 针对每道小题，带着问题回到原文定位对应语句，将选项与原文内容逐一比对，筛选出符合原文的答案。比如第1题直接定位开篇第一句；第2题找关于红光波长的描述；第3题结合光的散射相关语境推测词义；第4题汇总红光对司机的帮助内容；第5题查找接近时才看到红灯的后果。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文章第一段第一句“When the traffic lights turn red, we must stop driving a car or crossing a street.”，可知红灯亮时必须停车，故选A。
2. 第2题：根据第二段关键句“The red light has the longest wavelength,so the scattering is the weakest.”，可知红光的波长最长，故选A。
3. 第3题：结合上下文“For the same medium，if the wavelength is long,the scattering will be weak. If the wavelength is short,then the scattering will be strong.”，此处描述光的传播特性，long和short修饰的是光的相关物理量，结合常识可推测“wavelength”意为“波长”，故选B。
4. 第4题：根据第三段内容“The red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time.”，A和B选项的内容均是红光对司机的帮助，故选C。
5. 第5题：根据第三段“If drivers don't see the red light until they are close, they may not be able to stop the car in time. An accident may happen.”，可知这种情况下可能会发生事故，故选C。
【答案】
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.C
【知识点】
科普文阅读理解、细节查找、词义猜测
【点评】
本文围绕交通信号灯选用红色的科学原理展开，题目均为基础细节题，考查学生对文章信息的定位和提取能力，以及简单的词义猜测能力。只要学生仔细阅读原文、精准定位语句，就能轻松作答，同时能帮助学生积累科普类文本的阅读经验。
【难度系数】
0.8
五(2025·宿迁沭阳县期末)任务型阅读。(12分)
新素养 理性思维 Social media(社交媒体)，like QQ and WeChat，is very popular in the world. More and more people start chatting with strangers online. They don't know each other, but they have great fun talking about their favourite things. It's a good way to make friends, but it's not always safe. Remember that people online, no matter how long you have been talking to them or how friendly they are, may not be who they say they are. As a
student, you may meet some bad people. How can you keep yourself safe? Here are some tips for you.
First, don't let your e-friends get your private(私人的)information, for example, your name, your school, your address and your phone number.
Second, don't send your photos to them and don't go out to meet your e-friends by yourself. If you want to meet one, don't forget to ask your parents to go with you.
Third, don't believe the stranger who you meet on the Internet. When he asks you to download an app, you need to think about whether he is trying to deceive (欺骗) you.
It's good for making friends, but remember: Safety first. Always keep this in mind.
(一)阅读使用社交媒体时的注意事项，选择正确的答案。(4分)
( )1. People have great fun when they talk about their ___ with e-friends.
A. school B. favourite things C. parents
( )2. The writer gives ___ tips to the students on how to chat with e-friends.
A. two B. three C. four
( )3. To keep safe, you should ___.
A. let your e-friends know about your name, your school and your address
B. not talk about your favourite things with each other
C. not send your photos to your e-friends
( )4. Which one is RIGHT?
A. Social media is good for making more friends, but remember: Safety first.
B. Social media is very popular in the world and it's always safe.
C. When your e-friend asks you to download an app, you can believe him.
(二)根据短文内容或所给提示完成下面的网络安全贴士，并在横线上再写两条你的建议。(8分)
More and more people in the world use the Internet, so it's important to keep your personal information ___ online. These ___ can help you.
Don't share the information about your name, school, address or ___ ___ with your e-friends.
Don't meet any online friends by ___ or send your photos to them.
Ask your parents or teachers b___ you download an app.
. ___ . ___
新素养 理性思维 Social media(社交媒体)，like QQ and WeChat，is very popular in the world. More and more people start chatting with strangers online. They don't know each other, but they have great fun talking about their favourite things. It's a good way to make friends, but it's not always safe. Remember that people online, no matter how long you have been talking to them or how friendly they are, may not be who they say they are. As a
student, you may meet some bad people. How can you keep yourself safe? Here are some tips for you.
First, don't let your e-friends get your private(私人的)information, for example, your name, your school, your address and your phone number.
Second, don't send your photos to them and don't go out to meet your e-friends by yourself. If you want to meet one, don't forget to ask your parents to go with you.
Third, don't believe the stranger who you meet on the Internet. When he asks you to download an app, you need to think about whether he is trying to deceive (欺骗) you.
It's good for making friends, but remember: Safety first. Always keep this in mind.
(一)阅读使用社交媒体时的注意事项，选择正确的答案。(4分)
( )1. People have great fun when they talk about their ___ with e-friends.
A. school B. favourite things C. parents
( )2. The writer gives ___ tips to the students on how to chat with e-friends.
A. two B. three C. four
( )3. To keep safe, you should ___.
A. let your e-friends know about your name, your school and your address
B. not talk about your favourite things with each other
C. not send your photos to your e-friends
( )4. Which one is RIGHT?
A. Social media is good for making more friends, but remember: Safety first.
B. Social media is very popular in the world and it's always safe.
C. When your e-friend asks you to download an app, you can believe him.
(二)根据短文内容或所给提示完成下面的网络安全贴士，并在横线上再写两条你的建议。(8分)
More and more people in the world use the Internet, so it's important to keep your personal information ___ online. These ___ can help you.
Don't share the information about your name, school, address or ___ ___ with your e-friends.
Don't meet any online friends by ___ or send your photos to them.
Ask your parents or teachers b___ you download an app.
. ___ . ___
答案
(一)1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A
(二)safe, rules/tips, phone number, yourself, before
Be nice when you are online./Don't share your password./Ask for help if you get an unkind message.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
(二)safe, rules/tips, phone number, yourself, before
Be nice when you are online./Don't share your password./Ask for help if you get an unkind message.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
解析
【分析】
这是一道五年级期末任务型阅读题，分为选择题和填空补全贴士两部分。解题思路如下：
1. 处理选择题时，先通读全文掌握文章大意，再带着每个问题回到原文定位关键语句，通过对比选项筛选出符合原文表述的答案。比如第1题需找和网友聊天时的开心话题，第2题需数清作者给出的建议条数。
2. 完成填空部分时，要结合原文关键信息提取对应词汇，比如私人信息范畴、见面注意事项等；补充网络安全建议时，需结合生活实际提出合理可行的安全规则。
【解析】
(一)选择题：
1. 根据原文“They don't know each other, but they have great fun talking about their favourite things.”可知，人们和网友聊最喜欢的事物时很开心，故选B。
2. 原文用“First, Second, Third”明确列出3条安全贴士，因此作者给了3条建议，故选B。
3. 原文提到“don't send your photos to them”，选项C符合安全要求；选项A属于泄露私人信息，不符合安全规则；选项B原文未提及不能聊喜欢的事物，故选C。
4. 原文最后一段“It's good for making friends, but remember: Safety first.”与选项A表述一致；选项B中“it's always safe”和原文“it's not always safe”矛盾；选项C中“can believe him”与原文“need to think about whether he is trying to deceive you”不符，故选A。
(二)填空及补充建议：
1. 文章核心是网络安全，所以要保持个人信息“safe（安全的）”；
2. 文中介绍的是安全“tips/rules（贴士/规则）”；
3. 原文提到的私人信息包含“phone number（电话号码）”；
4. 根据原文“don't go out to meet your e-friends by yourself”，此处填yourself；
5. 结合语境，下载app之前要询问父母老师，填before；
补充建议可结合网络安全常识，例如Be nice when you are online.（上网时保持友善）；Don't share your password.（不要分享你的密码）。
【答案】
(一)1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A
(二)safe, rules/tips, phone number, yourself, before
Be nice when you are online./Don't share your password./Ask for help if you get an unkind message.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
【知识点】
细节阅读理解、网络安全常识、任务型阅读解题技巧
【点评】
这道题紧密贴合生活实际，既考查学生的阅读理解细节查找能力，又引导学生树立网络安全意识，题目难度适配五年级学生认知水平，有助于培养学生的理性思维与自我保护意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一道五年级期末任务型阅读题，分为选择题和填空补全贴士两部分。解题思路如下：
1. 处理选择题时，先通读全文掌握文章大意，再带着每个问题回到原文定位关键语句，通过对比选项筛选出符合原文表述的答案。比如第1题需找和网友聊天时的开心话题，第2题需数清作者给出的建议条数。
2. 完成填空部分时，要结合原文关键信息提取对应词汇，比如私人信息范畴、见面注意事项等；补充网络安全建议时，需结合生活实际提出合理可行的安全规则。
【解析】
(一)选择题：
1. 根据原文“They don't know each other, but they have great fun talking about their favourite things.”可知，人们和网友聊最喜欢的事物时很开心，故选B。
2. 原文用“First, Second, Third”明确列出3条安全贴士，因此作者给了3条建议，故选B。
3. 原文提到“don't send your photos to them”，选项C符合安全要求；选项A属于泄露私人信息，不符合安全规则；选项B原文未提及不能聊喜欢的事物，故选C。
4. 原文最后一段“It's good for making friends, but remember: Safety first.”与选项A表述一致；选项B中“it's always safe”和原文“it's not always safe”矛盾；选项C中“can believe him”与原文“need to think about whether he is trying to deceive you”不符，故选A。
(二)填空及补充建议：
1. 文章核心是网络安全，所以要保持个人信息“safe（安全的）”；
2. 文中介绍的是安全“tips/rules（贴士/规则）”；
3. 原文提到的私人信息包含“phone number（电话号码）”；
4. 根据原文“don't go out to meet your e-friends by yourself”，此处填yourself；
5. 结合语境，下载app之前要询问父母老师，填before；
补充建议可结合网络安全常识，例如Be nice when you are online.（上网时保持友善）；Don't share your password.（不要分享你的密码）。
【答案】
(一)1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A
(二)safe, rules/tips, phone number, yourself, before
Be nice when you are online./Don't share your password./Ask for help if you get an unkind message.(答案不唯一,言之有理即可)
【知识点】
细节阅读理解、网络安全常识、任务型阅读解题技巧
【点评】
这道题紧密贴合生活实际，既考查学生的阅读理解细节查找能力，又引导学生树立网络安全意识，题目难度适配五年级学生认知水平，有助于培养学生的理性思维与自我保护意识。
【难度系数】
0.7
