四、阅读理解。
Joel Sartore is a writer, teacher, and photographer. His words and beautiful images show his love of photography and of the natural world. He was National Geographic’s 2018 Explorer of the Year.
Question 1: How did you start working for National Geographic?
My first job was for a newspaper. After a few years there, I met a National Geographic photographer. He liked my photos and said I should send some to the magazine. So I did. That led to a one-day job. And that led to a nine-day job, and so on.
Question 2: What does it take to become a National Geographic photographer?
To get into National Geographic, you have to give them something they don’t have. It’s not enough just to be a great photographer. You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or maybe spend several days in a tree.
Question 3: ▲
It’s now more difficult to work for magazines. Technology(技术) makes it easy to take good pictures, which means there are more photos and photographers. Also, the Web is full of photos from all over the world that are free, or cost very little. These photos are often good enough to be put in books and magazines that once paid for photographers and their photos.
Question 4: What advice do you have for people who want to be photographers?
Well, work hard. Be passionate(热诚的) about every project you work on. Take lots of pictures in different situations. Look at others’ photos thoughtfully and learn from them. And be curious about life. There’s something to photograph everywhere.
But be a photographer for the right reasons. If you do it for the money, you probably won’t be really happy. Do you want to make the world a better place, or make people see things in a different way? If so, you’ll enjoy the work much more.
()1. Which part of a magazine is the passage most probably taken from?
A. Science Reports.
B. People & Stories.
C. Culture Reviews.
D. The World This Week.
()2. 创新考法—句子还原 Which is the most suitable for ▲?
A. What kind of photos are more popular today?
B. What is the biggest challenge for magazines today?
C. What kind of photographers are more popular today?
D. What is the biggest challenge for photographers today?
()3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Joel Sartore got that one-day job because the readers enjoyed his photos.
B. Joel Sartore advises photographers to teach others by their own examples.
C. Some National Geographic photographers are also masters in other fields.
D. Joel Sartore thinks that happiness is the most important for photographers.

1. B 【点拨】文章主要介绍了 Joel Sartore 作为摄影师的个人经历、职业要求、面临的挑战以及给有志于成为摄影师的人的建议,这些内容更符合杂志中“人物与故事”这一版块的特征。故选 B。
2. D 【点拨】根据第四段内容可知,本段主要讨论的是摄影师现在面临的挑战,所以空白处应填入一个与摄影师面临的挑战相关的问题。选项 D“如今摄影师面临的最大挑战是什么?”符合语境。故选 D。
3. C 【点拨】根据“To get into National Geographic, ... or maybe spend several days in a tree.”可知,要成为《国家地理》的摄影师,仅仅成为一名优秀的摄影师是不够的,因此,一些摄影师在其他领域也是大师。故选 C。

【分析】本题为人物访谈类阅读理解题，包含三道选择题，需结合文章内容逐一分析：第1题需判断文章所属杂志版块，需把握核心内容；第2题是句子还原题，需结合段落主旨选择合适问题；第3题需从原文细节判断选项正误，通过定位原文信息、理解上下文逻辑解题。
【解析】第1题：文章围绕摄影师Joel Sartore的职业经历、入行要求、面临挑战及从业建议展开，属于人物相关故事类内容，对应杂志“People & Stories”版块，故选B。第2题：空白处段落核心是摄影师面临的挑战（技术普及、网络低价照片冲击），选项D“如今摄影师面临的最大挑战是什么？”契合段落主旨，故选D。第3题：根据原文“To get into National Geographic...You also have to be a scientist...or spend several days in a tree.”可知，成为《国家地理》摄影师需具备其他领域能力，对应选项C；A项原文是因照片被认可获工作，非读者喜欢；B项原文未提“教他人”；D项原文强调从业原因而非幸福重要，故选C。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C
【知识点】阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】本题考查学生对人物访谈类文章的主旨、段落逻辑及细节信息的理解，需学生仔细定位原文，把握上下文关联，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6