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B
①When you hear the word “shapeshifting(变身)”, you may think of something from a movie. But that's what animals are doing to deal with climate change. A new study shows that some animals are gradually growing larger beaks(喙), legs and ears. By doing so, they can lose heat more easily to cool themselves down as Earth gets warmer. This change, however, comes with both hope and warning.
②“A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans overcome this?’ or ‘What technology can solve this?’ But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes,” said the study's author, Sara Ryding from Deakin University, Australia. If animals fail to control their body temperature, they can overheat and die.
③In one example, the beaks of some Australian parrot species(物种)have grown 4 to 10 per cent larger since 1871. The study says it's closely related to rising summer temperatures over the years. Similar examples include wood mice, which have longer tails. Masked shrews(鼩鼱)are also developing longer tails and legs, while bats in warm climates have bigger wings.
④Although the changes are still small, Ryding said they could be easier to be noticed as the days become hotter. “Body parts like ears may become bigger, so we might end up seeing real animals that look more like cartoon characters because of their exaggerated(夸张的)body features in the near future,” Ryding said.
⑤While animals are changing their body shapes to stay alive, scientists warn this doesn't mean all is well. It just means they are trying hard to live. Not all animals will succeed. “The climate change that humans have created is giving a whole lot of pressure on animals, and while some will adapt, others will not,” said Ryding.
(
(
A. Begin to understand new things.
B. Learn to accept new members.
C. Change to fit new situations.
D. Refuse to follow new rules.
(
A. Body parts that help animals deal with high temperatures.
B. Examples of how animals get used to climate change.
C. Species that like living in high temperatures.
D. The history of animals' body part changes.
(
A. Their body parts may get smaller.
B. They may become much stronger.
C. They may die from heat.
D. They may look like cartoon characters.
(
①When you hear the word “shapeshifting(变身)”, you may think of something from a movie. But that's what animals are doing to deal with climate change. A new study shows that some animals are gradually growing larger beaks(喙), legs and ears. By doing so, they can lose heat more easily to cool themselves down as Earth gets warmer. This change, however, comes with both hope and warning.
②“A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans overcome this?’ or ‘What technology can solve this?’ But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes,” said the study's author, Sara Ryding from Deakin University, Australia. If animals fail to control their body temperature, they can overheat and die.
③In one example, the beaks of some Australian parrot species(物种)have grown 4 to 10 per cent larger since 1871. The study says it's closely related to rising summer temperatures over the years. Similar examples include wood mice, which have longer tails. Masked shrews(鼩鼱)are also developing longer tails and legs, while bats in warm climates have bigger wings.
④Although the changes are still small, Ryding said they could be easier to be noticed as the days become hotter. “Body parts like ears may become bigger, so we might end up seeing real animals that look more like cartoon characters because of their exaggerated(夸张的)body features in the near future,” Ryding said.
⑤While animals are changing their body shapes to stay alive, scientists warn this doesn't mean all is well. It just means they are trying hard to live. Not all animals will succeed. “The climate change that humans have created is giving a whole lot of pressure on animals, and while some will adapt, others will not,” said Ryding.
(
C
)21. How will the size of animals' body parts (like beaks, ears) change as Earth gets warmer? (x = Earth's temperature, y = size of animals' body parts)(
C
)22. What does the underlined phrase “adapt to” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Begin to understand new things.
B. Learn to accept new members.
C. Change to fit new situations.
D. Refuse to follow new rules.
(
B
)23. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Body parts that help animals deal with high temperatures.
B. Examples of how animals get used to climate change.
C. Species that like living in high temperatures.
D. The history of animals' body part changes.
(
D
)24. What does Sara Ryding think animals in the future will be like?A. Their body parts may get smaller.
B. They may become much stronger.
C. They may die from heat.
D. They may look like cartoon characters.
(
A
)25. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，讲述气候变化对动物的影响，随着气温上升，动物的身体部位也随之发生变化。
21. C 推理判断题。根据第三段“the beaks of some Australian parrot species have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871... have bigger wings”可知，随着近些年夏季气温升高，鸟喙、木鼠尾巴、蒙面鼩鼱的尾巴和腿部，以及蝙蝠的翅膀等身体部位的尺寸有变大的趋势，选项 C 所示的曲线符合这一趋势。故选 C。
22. C 词义猜测题。根据“But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes”可知，但我们应该明白，动物也必须适应这些变化。选项 C“根据新的情况做出调整”符合短语的意思，故选 C。
23. B 段落大意题。第三段列举了多种动物身体部位变大的实例，说明它们适应气候变化的方式，故选 B。
24. D 细节理解题。根据“Body parts like ears may become bigger, so we might... body features in the near future”可知，Sara Ryding 推测未来动物可能耳朵等部位会变得像卡通形象那样夸张，故选 D。
25. A 篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段引出话题，第二段阐释原因及重要性，第三、四段分别列举实例和进一步预测，第五段总结警示。故选 A。
21. C 推理判断题。根据第三段“the beaks of some Australian parrot species have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871... have bigger wings”可知，随着近些年夏季气温升高，鸟喙、木鼠尾巴、蒙面鼩鼱的尾巴和腿部，以及蝙蝠的翅膀等身体部位的尺寸有变大的趋势，选项 C 所示的曲线符合这一趋势。故选 C。
22. C 词义猜测题。根据“But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes”可知，但我们应该明白，动物也必须适应这些变化。选项 C“根据新的情况做出调整”符合短语的意思，故选 C。
23. B 段落大意题。第三段列举了多种动物身体部位变大的实例，说明它们适应气候变化的方式，故选 B。
24. D 细节理解题。根据“Body parts like ears may become bigger, so we might... body features in the near future”可知，Sara Ryding 推测未来动物可能耳朵等部位会变得像卡通形象那样夸张，故选 D。
25. A 篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段引出话题，第二段阐释原因及重要性，第三、四段分别列举实例和进一步预测，第五段总结警示。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于动物为应对气候变化改变身体部位的说明文，解题需结合不同题型特点逐一突破：
1. 第21题：推理判断题，需从文中提取气温升高与动物身体部位大小的关联信息，文中明确提到随着夏季气温上升，多种动物的喙、尾巴等部位尺寸增大，因此要选择体现两者正相关的曲线。
2. 第22题：词义猜测题，要结合上下文语境，前文讨论气候变化下人类的应对，转折后指出动物也需适应这些变化，由此推测短语含义为“改变以适应新情况”。
3. 第23题：段落大意题，需归纳第三段内容，该段列举了鹦鹉、木鼠、鼩鼱、蝙蝠等多种动物身体部位变化的实例，核心是说明动物适应气候变化的方式。
4. 第24题：细节理解题，直接定位文中Sara Ryding的表述，找到她对未来动物外形的预测即可。
5. 第25题：篇章结构题，梳理文章段落逻辑：第①段引出“动物为应对气候变化改变身体部位”的话题；第②段阐释动物适应气候变化的必要性；第③、④段分别列举实例和对未来动物外形的预测；第⑤段总结并发出警示，据此匹配对应的结构选项。
【解析】
21. 推理判断题
根据第③段“the beaks of some Australian parrot species have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871... have bigger wings”可知，随着地球变暖，动物的喙、尾巴、翅膀等身体部位尺寸呈增大趋势，这种气温升高与身体部位尺寸变大的正相关关系，与选项C的曲线趋势相符，故选C。
22. 词义猜测题
根据第②段“But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes”的上下文语境，前文提及气候变化下人类的应对，转折后强调动物也需应对气候变化，结合“如果动物无法控制体温会过热死亡”的表述，可推测“adapt to”意为“改变以适应新情况”，与选项C含义一致，故选C。
23. 段落大意题
第③段列举了澳大利亚鹦鹉喙变大、木鼠尾巴变长、蒙面鼩鼱尾巴和腿变长、温暖气候下蝙蝠翅膀变大等多个实例，这些实例均是动物为适应气候变化做出的身体改变，核心是说明动物适应气候变化的方式，故选B。
24. 细节理解题
根据第④段Sara Ryding的表述“Body parts like ears may become bigger, so we might end up seeing real animals that look more like cartoon characters because of their exaggerated(夸张的)body features in the near future”可知，她认为未来动物的身体部位会变得夸张，可能看起来像卡通角色，故选D。
25. 篇章结构题
梳理文章逻辑：
第①段：引出“动物为应对气候变化逐渐改变身体部位”的话题；
第②段：阐释动物适应气候变化的必要性（若无法调节体温会过热死亡）；
第③段：列举多种动物身体部位变化的实例；
第④段：进一步预测未来动物的外形变化；
第⑤段：总结并发出警示，并非所有动物都能成功适应。
这种“总起话题→阐释必要性→举例+预测→总结警示”的结构，与选项A匹配，故选A。
【答案】
21.C；22.C；23.B；24.D；25.A
【知识点】
阅读理解解题技巧、词义猜测方法、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本文以“动物应对气候变化改变身体部位”为主题，涵盖推理判断、词义猜测、段落大意、细节理解、篇章结构等多种中考高频阅读题型，既考查学生获取细节信息、逻辑推理及归纳总结的英语阅读能力，又能引导学生关注生态与气候变化的关联，提升综合素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇关于动物为应对气候变化改变身体部位的说明文，解题需结合不同题型特点逐一突破：
1. 第21题：推理判断题，需从文中提取气温升高与动物身体部位大小的关联信息，文中明确提到随着夏季气温上升，多种动物的喙、尾巴等部位尺寸增大，因此要选择体现两者正相关的曲线。
2. 第22题：词义猜测题，要结合上下文语境，前文讨论气候变化下人类的应对，转折后指出动物也需适应这些变化，由此推测短语含义为“改变以适应新情况”。
3. 第23题：段落大意题，需归纳第三段内容，该段列举了鹦鹉、木鼠、鼩鼱、蝙蝠等多种动物身体部位变化的实例，核心是说明动物适应气候变化的方式。
4. 第24题：细节理解题，直接定位文中Sara Ryding的表述，找到她对未来动物外形的预测即可。
5. 第25题：篇章结构题，梳理文章段落逻辑：第①段引出“动物为应对气候变化改变身体部位”的话题；第②段阐释动物适应气候变化的必要性；第③、④段分别列举实例和对未来动物外形的预测；第⑤段总结并发出警示，据此匹配对应的结构选项。
【解析】
21. 推理判断题
根据第③段“the beaks of some Australian parrot species have grown 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871... have bigger wings”可知，随着地球变暖，动物的喙、尾巴、翅膀等身体部位尺寸呈增大趋势，这种气温升高与身体部位尺寸变大的正相关关系，与选项C的曲线趋势相符，故选C。
22. 词义猜测题
根据第②段“But we should know that animals also have to adapt to these changes”的上下文语境，前文提及气候变化下人类的应对，转折后强调动物也需应对气候变化，结合“如果动物无法控制体温会过热死亡”的表述，可推测“adapt to”意为“改变以适应新情况”，与选项C含义一致，故选C。
23. 段落大意题
第③段列举了澳大利亚鹦鹉喙变大、木鼠尾巴变长、蒙面鼩鼱尾巴和腿变长、温暖气候下蝙蝠翅膀变大等多个实例，这些实例均是动物为适应气候变化做出的身体改变，核心是说明动物适应气候变化的方式，故选B。
24. 细节理解题
根据第④段Sara Ryding的表述“Body parts like ears may become bigger, so we might end up seeing real animals that look more like cartoon characters because of their exaggerated(夸张的)body features in the near future”可知，她认为未来动物的身体部位会变得夸张，可能看起来像卡通角色，故选D。
25. 篇章结构题
梳理文章逻辑：
第①段：引出“动物为应对气候变化逐渐改变身体部位”的话题；
第②段：阐释动物适应气候变化的必要性（若无法调节体温会过热死亡）；
第③段：列举多种动物身体部位变化的实例；
第④段：进一步预测未来动物的外形变化；
第⑤段：总结并发出警示，并非所有动物都能成功适应。
这种“总起话题→阐释必要性→举例+预测→总结警示”的结构，与选项A匹配，故选A。
【答案】
21.C；22.C；23.B；24.D；25.A
【知识点】
阅读理解解题技巧、词义猜测方法、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本文以“动物应对气候变化改变身体部位”为主题，涵盖推理判断、词义猜测、段落大意、细节理解、篇章结构等多种中考高频阅读题型，既考查学生获取细节信息、逻辑推理及归纳总结的英语阅读能力，又能引导学生关注生态与气候变化的关联，提升综合素养。
【难度系数】
0.6
