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阅读课文，回答问题
1. In northern Europe, why is it important to look at people's eyes during a talk?
2. In some East Asian cultures, people may avoid direct eye contact when meeting someone for the first time. Why might a person from northern Europe consider this as unfriendly?
3. What is one difference in eye contact between northern Europe and many Asian countries?
4. Can you give one example of how body language is different in another culture?，For example, hand gestures, personal space, smiling…
1. In northern Europe, why is it important to look at people's eyes during a talk?
2. In some East Asian cultures, people may avoid direct eye contact when meeting someone for the first time. Why might a person from northern Europe consider this as unfriendly?
3. What is one difference in eye contact between northern Europe and many Asian countries?
4. Can you give one example of how body language is different in another culture?，For example, hand gestures, personal space, smiling…
答案
1. Direct eye contact in northern Europe is a sign that you are truly interested in what the
other person is saying.
2. In northern Europe, looking at someone directly in the eyes usually means you're being
honest, confident, and paying attention. So if someone looks away, they might misunderstand it
as the person being dishonest, not interested, or unsure of themselves. But in East Asian cultures,
avoiding direct eye contact can actually be a way of showing respect, especially to someone you've
just met or someone older.
3. Northern Europe: Direct eye contact shows interest in the other person's words; avoiding it
may make others think you are not listening. Many Asian countries: Looking down when talking
with elders is polite; direct eye contact with elders is often impolite.
4. Example 1 (Gestures): The thumbs-up gesture means "good" in many Western countries,
but it is rude in some Middle Eastern countries like Iran.
Example 2 (Greetings): Hugging is common in Western countries, but many Asian countries
prefer handshakes or bows to keep personal space.
Example 3 (Nodding/Shaking Head): In most countries, nodding means "yes" and shaking
head means "no", but in Bulgaria, nodding means "no" and shaking head means "yes".
other person is saying.
2. In northern Europe, looking at someone directly in the eyes usually means you're being
honest, confident, and paying attention. So if someone looks away, they might misunderstand it
as the person being dishonest, not interested, or unsure of themselves. But in East Asian cultures,
avoiding direct eye contact can actually be a way of showing respect, especially to someone you've
just met or someone older.
3. Northern Europe: Direct eye contact shows interest in the other person's words; avoiding it
may make others think you are not listening. Many Asian countries: Looking down when talking
with elders is polite; direct eye contact with elders is often impolite.
4. Example 1 (Gestures): The thumbs-up gesture means "good" in many Western countries,
but it is rude in some Middle Eastern countries like Iran.
Example 2 (Greetings): Hugging is common in Western countries, but many Asian countries
prefer handshakes or bows to keep personal space.
Example 3 (Nodding/Shaking Head): In most countries, nodding means "yes" and shaking
head means "no", but in Bulgaria, nodding means "no" and shaking head means "yes".
解析
【分析】
本题为跨文化交际类阅读理解题，解题思路为：1. 针对每个问题，结合北欧与东亚文化中眼神交流的不同含义，定位对应知识点；2. 回答时需准确对应问题要求，区分不同文化下肢体语言的意义差异；3. 第四问需结合其他肢体语言（如手势、问候方式等）的文化差异举例，确保例子典型且符合要求。
【解析】
1. 北欧文化中，直接的眼神交流是对对方所说内容真正感兴趣的标志，因此谈话时看对方眼睛很重要；
2. 北欧文化里，直视他人眼睛通常代表诚实、自信且专注，若对方避开眼神，北欧人可能会误解为对方不诚实、不感兴趣或不确定；而东亚文化中，初次见面或对长辈避开眼神是表示尊重，这种文化差异导致北欧人会觉得东亚人的行为不友好；
3. 北欧的眼神交流：直接接触表示对对方话语感兴趣，避免接触会让他人觉得没在倾听；许多亚洲国家：与长辈交谈时低头是礼貌的，直视长辈通常不礼貌；
4. 可举例：①手势方面，竖大拇指在很多西方国家表示“好”，但在伊朗等中东国家是粗鲁的；②问候方面，拥抱在西方国家常见，但许多亚洲国家更偏好握手或鞠躬以保持个人空间；③点头摇头方面，多数国家点头表“是”、摇头表“否”，但保加利亚相反。
【答案】
1. Direct eye contact in northern Europe is a sign that you are truly interested in what the other person is saying.
2. In northern Europe, looking at someone directly in the eyes usually means you're being honest, confident, and paying attention. So if someone looks away, they might misunderstand it as the person being dishonest, not interested, or unsure of themselves. But in East Asian cultures, avoiding direct eye contact can actually be a way of showing respect, especially to someone you've just met or someone older.
3. Northern Europe: Direct eye contact shows interest in the other person's words; avoiding it may make others think you are not listening. Many Asian countries: Looking down when talking with elders is polite; direct eye contact with elders is often impolite.
4. Example 1 (Gestures): The thumbs-up gesture means "good" in many Western countries, but it is rude in some Middle Eastern countries like Iran. Example 2 (Greetings): Hugging is common in Western countries, but many Asian countries prefer handshakes or bows to keep personal space. Example 3 (Nodding/Shaking Head): In most countries, nodding means "yes" and shaking head means "no", but in Bulgaria, nodding means "no" and shaking head means "yes".
【知识点】
跨文化交际、肢体语言差异
【点评】
本题围绕不同文化中肢体语言（尤其是眼神交流）的差异设题，考查学生对跨文化交际知识的理解与应用，需准确区分不同文化下肢体语言的含义，培养学生的跨文化意识，题目难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为跨文化交际类阅读理解题，解题思路为：1. 针对每个问题，结合北欧与东亚文化中眼神交流的不同含义，定位对应知识点；2. 回答时需准确对应问题要求，区分不同文化下肢体语言的意义差异；3. 第四问需结合其他肢体语言（如手势、问候方式等）的文化差异举例，确保例子典型且符合要求。
【解析】
1. 北欧文化中，直接的眼神交流是对对方所说内容真正感兴趣的标志，因此谈话时看对方眼睛很重要；
2. 北欧文化里，直视他人眼睛通常代表诚实、自信且专注，若对方避开眼神，北欧人可能会误解为对方不诚实、不感兴趣或不确定；而东亚文化中，初次见面或对长辈避开眼神是表示尊重，这种文化差异导致北欧人会觉得东亚人的行为不友好；
3. 北欧的眼神交流：直接接触表示对对方话语感兴趣，避免接触会让他人觉得没在倾听；许多亚洲国家：与长辈交谈时低头是礼貌的，直视长辈通常不礼貌；
4. 可举例：①手势方面，竖大拇指在很多西方国家表示“好”，但在伊朗等中东国家是粗鲁的；②问候方面，拥抱在西方国家常见，但许多亚洲国家更偏好握手或鞠躬以保持个人空间；③点头摇头方面，多数国家点头表“是”、摇头表“否”，但保加利亚相反。
【答案】
1. Direct eye contact in northern Europe is a sign that you are truly interested in what the other person is saying.
2. In northern Europe, looking at someone directly in the eyes usually means you're being honest, confident, and paying attention. So if someone looks away, they might misunderstand it as the person being dishonest, not interested, or unsure of themselves. But in East Asian cultures, avoiding direct eye contact can actually be a way of showing respect, especially to someone you've just met or someone older.
3. Northern Europe: Direct eye contact shows interest in the other person's words; avoiding it may make others think you are not listening. Many Asian countries: Looking down when talking with elders is polite; direct eye contact with elders is often impolite.
4. Example 1 (Gestures): The thumbs-up gesture means "good" in many Western countries, but it is rude in some Middle Eastern countries like Iran. Example 2 (Greetings): Hugging is common in Western countries, but many Asian countries prefer handshakes or bows to keep personal space. Example 3 (Nodding/Shaking Head): In most countries, nodding means "yes" and shaking head means "no", but in Bulgaria, nodding means "no" and shaking head means "yes".
【知识点】
跨文化交际、肢体语言差异
【点评】
本题围绕不同文化中肢体语言（尤其是眼神交流）的差异设题，考查学生对跨文化交际知识的理解与应用，需准确区分不同文化下肢体语言的含义，培养学生的跨文化意识，题目难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
