Ⅴ.［2025·天津］短文填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years
1. a, people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the
1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were 2. c
and longer than they are now. Scientists 3. c this time the “Little Ice
Age(小冰期)”.
The colder weather 4. b many serious problems. Plants died of
cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting
wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a 5. h piece
of ice would slide down(滑落) a mountain and destroy(摧毁) some villages.
Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces(力量) that people could
not control. One cause(起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has
“storms” of energy called sunspots(太阳黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were
fewer sunspots than there are 6. t. With fewer sunspots, the sun was
giving out less 7. e which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption(火
山爆发) was probably 8. a natural cause. During the Little Ice Age,
many volcanoes erupted. Their dust(灰尘) might stop the sun’s 9. l
and heat from reaching the earth.
Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people
are causing this change by 10. b a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change
our way of living.

1. ago 2. colder 3. call
4. brought 5. huge 6. today
7. energy 8. another 9. light
10. burning

【分析】
解答本题需通读全文，理解短文主题（地球变暖与历史小冰期），结合每个空格的首字母提示、上下文语境及语法知识（如比较级、动词时态、固定搭配等）逐一确定单词。具体思路：先梳理短文逻辑，再针对每个空，结合时间、语境、语法规则匹配首字母对应的正确词汇。
【解析】
1. 句意为“但几百年前，人们有不同的问题——一段400年的寒冷期”，“……之前”用ago，符合首字母a，故填ago。
2. 句意为“从1400年到1800年，北半球的冬天比现在更冷、更长”，由比较级标志词than可知此处用形容词比较级，结合“寒冷期”的语境及首字母c，填colder。
3. 句意为“科学家称这个时期为‘小冰期’”，“称……为”用固定搭配call sth sth，此处陈述事实用一般现在时，主语scientists为复数，故填call。
4. 句意为“更冷的天气带来了许多严重的问题”，结合小冰期的过去语境，“带来”用动词bring的过去式brought，符合首字母b，故填brought。
5. 句意为“有时，一块巨大的冰块会从山上滑落，摧毁一些村庄”，修饰名词ice用形容词，结合首字母h及语境，填huge。
6. 句意为“在小冰期，太阳黑子比现在少”，此处对比小冰期与“现在”的情况，结合首字母t，填today。
7. 句意为“太阳黑子更少，太阳释放的能量更少，导致地球变暖”，“能量”用名词energy，符合首字母e，故填energy。
8. 句意为“火山爆发可能是另一个自然原因”，表示“三者及以上中的另一个”用another，符合首字母a，故填another。
9. 句意为“它们的灰尘可能阻挡太阳的光和热到达地球”，与heat并列的太阳的“光”用名词light，符合首字母l，故填light。
10. 句意为“科学家认为人们通过燃烧大量的煤和石油导致这种变化”，介词by后接动名词作方式状语，“燃烧”的动名词形式为burning，符合首字母b，故填burning。
【答案】
1. ago 2. colder 3. call 4. brought 5. huge 6. today 7. energy 8. another 9. light 10. burning
【知识点】
首字母提示短文填空、形容词比较级、动词时态
【点评】
本题为天津中考题型的首字母短文填空题，考查语篇理解能力、词汇运用能力及基础语法知识，需结合上下文语境与首字母提示综合判断，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6