七、任务型阅读
2025南京六合期末

Have you ever bumped into someone and his name just doesn't come to you? Or, you walk into a room and suddenly can't recall why you're there? We can't live without forgetting! Being forgetful can be really annoying, sometimes even embarrassing. But what if I told you that there are actually good reasons for our memories fading away?
In an interview, scientist Charan Ranganath uses an analogy类比. We don't want to store everything we've ever owned in our house. Then, we don't need to store all our memories either. He says, "If we didn't forget anything, we'd be storing memories, and we'd never be able to find what we want and when we want it." For example, we don't need to remember the hotel number weeks after we've left the hotel or memorize all the faces we pass on the street.
We also need to be able to forget things in order to update our memories with new information. Imagine we get used to the same school timetable or work schedule日程 for a whole year, but the next year, these all change. Our brain needs to be flexible灵活的 and forget details that are of no or little importance in order to handle the new information.
And, if you've ever believed that you know a word, but it just doesn't pop into your head, you're not alone. This tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon现象 may suggest that some things are not fully forgotten, but just can't be easily picked up at one moment. Those with a higher level of knowledge are more affected by this, because their brains have to sort through more information to find the word.
In the article Forgetfulness: Why your mind going blank can be a benefit, the authors tell us that forgetting is like a house we hide deep in the woods, which becomes harder and harder to find.

1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6.
7. 8.
9. According to the passage, forgetting can be a house that becomes harder and harder to find.
How do you understand the analogy?

七、【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,探讨了
人们为何会遗忘以及遗忘的好处。
1. facts 2. part 3. reasons 4. similar
5. fail 6. unimportant
7. trouble/problem(s)/difficulties/difficulty
8. hidden
9. As time goes by, we may forget lots of
things, but forgetting makes it possible
for us to learn new things.

【分析】
这是一篇关于遗忘好处的说明文任务型阅读题。解题时，首先要通读全文，梳理每个段落的核心内容：第一段引出遗忘的常见现象并提出遗忘存在合理原因；第二段用类比说明遗忘帮助我们筛选记忆，避免无效存储；第三段阐述遗忘能帮助我们更新记忆以适应新信息；第四段解释舌尖现象与遗忘的关联；最后一段用类比总结遗忘的特点。对于1-8的信息填空题，需根据段落主旨和原文细节定位关键词；第9题则需要结合全文对遗忘的作用的阐述，理解类比的深层含义，将遗忘的意义与类比内容结合起来组织语言。
【解析】
1. 第一段列举了“碰到人想不起名字”“进房间忘了目的”这些遗忘的常见事实，结合语境填facts。
2. 根据第一段“We can't live without forgetting!”可知，遗忘是生活的一部分，填part。
3. 第一段最后提出“there are actually good reasons for our memories fading away”，下文围绕遗忘的原因展开，填reasons。
4. 第二段科学家用家里不存储所有物品类比大脑不存储所有记忆，二者是相似的，填similar。
5. 根据第二段“If we didn't forget anything, we'd be storing memories, and we'd never be able to find what we want”，即如果不遗忘，我们就无法找到想要的记忆，也就是fail（fail to find）。
6. 第三段提到“forget details that are of no or little importance”，对应填unimportant。
7. 第四段的舌尖现象是一种让人困扰的情况，填trouble/problem(s)/difficulties/difficulty都符合语境。
8. 最后一段“forgetting is like a house we hide deep in the woods”，房子是被藏起来的，填hidden。
9. 结合全文，遗忘虽然让我们难以找回一些记忆，但它能帮助我们筛选无效信息、更新记忆以学习新事物，所以组织语言为：As time goes by, we may forget lots of things, but forgetting makes it possible for us to learn new things.
【答案】
1. facts
2. part
3. reasons
4. similar
5. fail
6. unimportant
7. trouble/problem(s)/difficulties/difficulty
8. hidden
9. As time goes by, we may forget lots of things, but forgetting makes it possible for us to learn new things.
【知识点】
任务型阅读信息归纳、说明文阅读理解、类比修辞理解
【点评】
本文围绕“遗忘的好处”这一核心，通过类比、举例等方式展开说明，题目既考查学生对原文细节的提取能力，又考查对文章主旨和修辞的理解能力。解题时需精准定位段落信息，同时结合全文语境归纳总结，有助于提升学生的信息整合和逻辑分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.6