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1 Complete the summary with the words and expression in the box. There is an extra item. 用方框中的单词和表达补全概要。其中有一个是多余的。
bottom break down harmful solve
unnatural expert peace abilities
Plastic pollution is a severe problem. Around eight million tons of plastic waste ends up in the ocean every year, and it takes centuries to $^{(1)}$
Fifteen-year-old Sophie, who cares deeply about the environment, decided to help $^{(3)}$
The vehicle also identifies plastic by its $^{(5)}$
Sophie developed her engineering $^{(6)}$
bottom break down harmful solve
unnatural expert peace abilities
Plastic pollution is a severe problem. Around eight million tons of plastic waste ends up in the ocean every year, and it takes centuries to $^{(1)}$
break down
. This waste, especially those tiny plastic pieces, is extremely $^{(2)}$ harmful
to ocean animals and birds, yet many people ignore the danger.Fifteen-year-old Sophie, who cares deeply about the environment, decided to help $^{(3)}$
solve
this problem using her engineering skills. She built a remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) that can reach the $^{(4)}$ bottom
of the ocean. It uses three kinds of light to make plastic stand out from sand and plants.The vehicle also identifies plastic by its $^{(5)}$
unnatural
colours and shapes before sending data back to the computer.Sophie developed her engineering $^{(6)}$
abilities
by attending university workshops from an early age. She faced many failures but kept trying. A(n) $^{(7)}$ expert
praised her excellent engineering sense. Sophie believes that everyone can contribute to fighting plastic pollution. Small efforts can help bring $^{(8)}$ peace
back to nature and let hope blossom for our environment.答案
(1) break down (2) harmful (3) solve (4) bottom (5) unnatural (6) abilities (7) expert (8) peace
解析
【分析】本题为选词填空题，需先明确方框内各词汇的词义与词性，再结合每句的语境、固定搭配，分析空格处所需的语义及词性，匹配对应词汇，确保填入后语句逻辑通顺、符合语法规则。
【解析】
(1) 句意为“它需要几个世纪来分解”，break down意为“分解”，符合语境；
(2) 句意为“这些垃圾，尤其是微小塑料碎片，对海洋动植物极其有害”，be harmful to为固定搭配，意为“对……有害”，故填harmful；
(3) 句意为“决定用她的工程技能帮助解决这个问题”，solve the problem为固定搭配，意为“解决问题”，故填solve；
(4) 句意为“她建造了能到达海底的遥控潜水器”，bottom意为“底部”，the bottom of the ocean即“海底”，符合；
(5) 句意为“该潜水器还通过不自然的颜色和形状识别塑料”，unnatural意为“不自然的”，符合语境；
(6) 句意为“索菲通过早年参加大学研讨会培养了她的工程能力”，abilities意为“能力”，engineering abilities即“工程能力”；
(7) 句意为“一位专家赞扬了她出色的工程意识”，expert意为“专家”，符合；
(8) 句意为“小努力能帮助给自然带来和平”，bring peace back to为固定搭配，意为“带回和平”，故填peace。
【答案】(1) break down (2) harmful (3) solve (4) bottom (5) unnatural (6) abilities (7) expert (8) peace
【知识点】选词填空、词汇运用、语境理解
【点评】本题考查英语词汇在具体语境中的运用，需结合句子语义和固定搭配选择合适词汇，难度适中，能有效考查学生的词汇掌握和语境分析能力。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】
(1) 句意为“它需要几个世纪来分解”，break down意为“分解”，符合语境；
(2) 句意为“这些垃圾，尤其是微小塑料碎片，对海洋动植物极其有害”，be harmful to为固定搭配，意为“对……有害”，故填harmful；
(3) 句意为“决定用她的工程技能帮助解决这个问题”，solve the problem为固定搭配，意为“解决问题”，故填solve；
(4) 句意为“她建造了能到达海底的遥控潜水器”，bottom意为“底部”，the bottom of the ocean即“海底”，符合；
(5) 句意为“该潜水器还通过不自然的颜色和形状识别塑料”，unnatural意为“不自然的”，符合语境；
(6) 句意为“索菲通过早年参加大学研讨会培养了她的工程能力”，abilities意为“能力”，engineering abilities即“工程能力”；
(7) 句意为“一位专家赞扬了她出色的工程意识”，expert意为“专家”，符合；
(8) 句意为“小努力能帮助给自然带来和平”，bring peace back to为固定搭配，意为“带回和平”，故填peace。
【答案】(1) break down (2) harmful (3) solve (4) bottom (5) unnatural (6) abilities (7) expert (8) peace
【知识点】选词填空、词汇运用、语境理解
【点评】本题考查英语词汇在具体语境中的运用，需结合句子语义和固定搭配选择合适词汇，难度适中，能有效考查学生的词汇掌握和语境分析能力。
【难度系数】0.5
