一、听力理解。
从工装裤到全民服饰，牛仔裤发生了哪些变化？请听下面一段独白，根据独白内容完成下列句子，每个空格不超过3个单词。独白读两遍。
1. The earliest form of jeans appeared in .
2. They were just hard-wearing designed for workers at that time.
3. At first, the cloth of jeans was usually used for making .
4. The cloth used for jeans is softer and now.
5. Blue is the of jeans.

1. 1853
2. pants
3. tents
4. more comfortable
5. classic colour

二、阅读理解。
简单的想法也能创造惊喜。请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Kids are natural inventors. They often create amazing things from simple ideas. Here are a few examples that might make you wonder, “Why didn’t I think of that?”
Popsicles(冰棒)
Popsicles were invented by 11-year-old Frank Epperson in 1905. He forgot a drink of juice and left it with a stir stick(搅拌棒) in it outside on a cold night. The next day, it became ice. Because of this, he couldn’t drink it any more, but he could eat it. It surprisingly tasted
good! Later, these ice sticks became popular among kids at school because they were delicious and helped them stay cool in summer. More than a hundred years later, popsicles are still one of the best summer treats.
Earmuffs(耳罩)
When 15-year-old Chester Greenwood was ice-skating in Farmington, Maine, in 1873, his ears were so cold that he couldn’t bear it. Although he tried covering his ears with a scarf, it was not comfortable. After thinking for a while, Greenwood made a length of wire(金属丝) into two circles and asked his grand-mother to sew(缝) fur on them. He then connected them with a headband(束发带), and the first earmuffs were invented!
Crayon Holders
When 11-year-old Cassidy Goldstein needed crayons for a school project, she had a hard time because there were so many small or broken ones. She found some small, clear plastic pipes at home. Although the tiny pipes were usually filled with water to keep flowers fresh, she found that they fit tightly around the crayons. She was now able to hold the crayons easily. This is how she invented crayon holders.
1. Why did Chester Greenwood invent earmuffs? ()
A. Because he wanted to sell them for money.
B. Because he didn’t like wearing scarves.
C. Because his grandmother asked him to do so.
D. Because his ears hurt while he was ice-skating.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ()
A. Frank Epperson invented popsicles on purpose.
B. The plastic pipes were first used to hold crayons.
C. Chester Greenwood invented earmuffs when he was 11.
D. Crayon holders helped Cassidy hold small broken crayons easily.
3. What is the main purpose of the passage? ()
A. To show kids are born to be creative.
B. To explain why some inventions failed.
C. To tell us to learn from child inventors.
D. To introduce how to create new inventions.

1. D
2. D
3. A

【分析】
本题为阅读理解题，需根据短文内容定位关键信息，逐一分析选项作答。第1题考查细节原因，需定位耳罩发明段落，查找Chester发明耳罩的缘由；第2题考查细节判断，需核对各选项与原文表述是否一致；第3题考查主旨大意，需结合全文开头及例子归纳核心目的。
【解析】
1. 定位短文“Earmuffs”段落，原文提到Chester滑冰时耳朵太冷无法忍受，因此发明耳罩，对应选项D。A选项原文未提及卖钱；B选项他是因围巾不舒服而非不喜欢围巾；C选项是他自己想到的而非奶奶要求，故排除A、B、C，选D。
2. 逐一核对选项：A选项Frank是意外发明冰棒，并非故意；B选项塑料管原本用于装花水，不是首次用来握蜡笔；C选项Chester发明耳罩时15岁，不是11岁；D选项对应“Crayon Holders”段落，Cassidy因小断蜡笔难拿，发明握柄方便握持，表述正确，故选D。
3. 全文开头点明“Kids are natural inventors”，并列举三个儿童小发明的例子，核心目的是展示孩子天生有创造力，对应选项A。B选项未提及失败发明；C选项未强调向儿童发明家学习；D选项不是教授创造方法，故排除B、C、D，选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.D 3.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解题、主旨大意题）
【点评】
本题围绕儿童小发明展开，考查学生快速定位细节、判断信息正误及归纳主旨的能力，贴近生活，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6