Passage 8
On 24th April,2025, China's Space Day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft 1 (launch). An astronaut's life in space is very interesting.
Astronauts have a 2 (complete) different lifestyle because of low gravity. They are supposed 3 (eat) pre-made special food since they cannot cook. Falling 4 (sleep) is not easy with no real beds in space; they use sleeping bags fixed to walls. Being 5 (weight), they can sleep in any position. They exercise daily on special bikes to stay healthy.
Spacewalks are key to 6 astronaut's job. Outside the station, they wear multi-layered space suits for 7 (protect) against extreme temperatures and dangers. During walks, they fix broken parts or 8 (maintain) the station.
The Shenzhou-20 crew stayed in space for more than six months. They studied zebrafish (斑马鱼), which resemble (与……类似) humans, to learn 9 low gravity affects life. Research on microbes (微生物) may lead 10 better medicine. This work prepares China to send people to the moon before 2030.
These tasks show Chinese astronauts' dedication. Their hard work 11 (certain) inspires young people to dream big. Perhaps you could also become an astronaut, helping write the next chapter of space history.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11.
Passage 9

1. was launched
2. completely
3. to eat
4. asleep
5. weightless
6. an
7. protection
8. maintain
9. how
10. to
11. certainly

【分析】
本题是一篇关于中国航天的英语语法填空，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐个解题：先通读全文理解主旨，再针对每个空的语法要求（时态、词性、冠词、介词等）分析，结合词汇变形和固定搭配得出答案。
1. 第1空：神舟20号是“被发射”，时间为过去，用一般过去时被动语态；
2. 第2空：修饰形容词需用副词，转换complete为副词；
3. 第3空：固定搭配be supposed to do sth；
4. 第4空：固定短语fall asleep；
5. 第5空：结合语境“失重的”，转换名词weight为形容词；
6. 第6空：元音开头的可数名词单数前用不定冠词an；
7. 第7空：介词for后接名词，转换protect为名词；
8. 第8空：or连接并列动词，用原形；
9. 第9空：宾语从句表方式，用how；
10. 第10空：固定搭配lead to；
11. 第11空：修饰动词需用副词，转换certain为副词。
【解析】
1. 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语Shenzhou-20 spacecraft与launch是被动关系，时间状语为过去，故填was launched。
2. 考查副词。修饰形容词different需用副词，complete的副词形式是completely，故填completely。
3. 考查固定搭配。be supposed to do sth是固定用法，意为“应该做某事”，故填to eat。
4. 考查固定搭配。fall asleep是固定短语，意为“入睡”，故填asleep。
5. 考查形容词。根据语境“在太空中无床可睡，可任意姿势睡眠”，可知是“失重的”，故填weightless。
6. 考查冠词。astronaut是可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，表“一名宇航员的工作”，故填an。
7. 考查名词。介词for后接名词作宾语，protect的名词形式是protection，故填protection。
8. 考查并列结构。or连接两个并列动词原形，前面是fix，故填maintain。
9. 考查宾语从句引导词。句意是“了解低重力如何影响生命”，表方式用how，故填how。
10. 考查固定搭配。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致”，故填to。
11. 考查副词。修饰动词inspires需用副词，certain的副词形式是certainly，故填certainly。
【答案】
1. was launched
2. completely
3. to eat
4. asleep
5. weightless
6. an
7. protection
8. maintain
9. how
10. to
11. certainly
【知识点】
动词的时态和语态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合中国航天主题，考查基础语法和词汇应用，需结合语境分析，难度适中，是常见的语法填空题型。
【难度系数】
0.5

Passage 9
In 2003, Shenzhou-5 1 (launch). China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, several other Chinese astronauts 2 (enter) space. Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship took off 3 30th May, 2023. In the same year,
Shenzhou-17 with three astronauts also entered space 4 (success). It stayed there for six months and it was back at the end of April in 2024. Among all the astronauts, Wang Yaping was the first Chinese woman to take a spacewalk. Now three astronauts are doing many science experiments in the Tiangong space station. Actually, it is not easy to be 5 astronaut. It 6 (require) a lot.
You need to be very healthy. You'd better not have any small problems. For example, a decayed tooth(龋齿) may get 7 (bad) in space than on Earth and may bring trouble to astronauts.
In China, you are 8 (suppose) to be a great pilot first and fly more than 600 hours without accidents before becoming a space pilot.
Astronauts must learn different subjects, including maths, English and physics. And 9 (they) reactions must be quick. So they can deal with emergencies(紧急情况) and do science experiments in space.
10, it's possible that backup astronauts may never go to space. But they still keep training hard and wait for their chance. In the future, more and more heroes will 11 (send) to space.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11.

1. was launched
2. have entered
3. on
4. successfully
5. an
6. requires
7. worse
8. supposed
9. their
10. However
11. be sent

【分析】
本题为语法填空题，围绕中国航天发展主题，考查英语基础语法与词汇运用。解题思路：先通读全文理解语境，再针对每个空格，结合句子结构、时间标志、固定搭配、词性变化、语态时态等规则逐一分析：1. 判断被动语态及时态；2. 依据现在完成时标志词解题；3. 掌握日期前介词用法；4. 确定修饰动词的词性；5. 明确冠词用法；6. 考虑主谓一致；7. 利用比较级标志词；8. 牢记固定搭配；9. 区分物主代词用法；10. 分析句间逻辑关系；11. 判断被动语态结构。
【解析】
1. 主语Shenzhou-5是动作launch的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语In 2003表过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，填was launched。
2. 时间标志词Since then（从那以后）是现在完成时的典型标志，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语several other Chinese astronauts为复数，故填have entered。
3. 具体日期（30th May, 2023）前需用介词on，填on。
4. 此处修饰动词entered，需用副词，success的副词形式为successfully，填successfully。
5. astronaut为可数名词单数，且以元音音素开头，表泛指“一名宇航员”，用不定冠词an，填an。
6. 主语it为第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词需用第三人称单数形式，require的三单为requires，填requires。
7. 句中出现比较级标志词than，需用形容词bad的比较级worse，填worse。
8. 固定搭配be supposed to意为“应该”，故填supposed。
9. 此处修饰名词reactions，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，填their。
10. 前后句为转折逻辑关系，需用表示转折的连词However，填However。
11. heroes与send为被动关系，一般将来时的被动结构为will be+过去分词，send的过去分词为sent，故填be sent。
【答案】
1. was launched
2. have entered
3. on
4. successfully
5. an
6. requires
7. worse
8. supposed
9. their
10. However
11. be sent
【知识点】
动词时态语态、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题以中国航天发展为语境，考查初中英语核心语法点，涵盖时态、语态、介词、冠词、词性等基础内容，需学生结合语境与语法规则解题，难度适中，贴合初中英语学习重点。
【难度系数】
0.6