八、首字母填空。（10 分）
亮点原创• Saying “I am sorry” $\underline{m\ 1}$ apologizing. It is not always $\underline{e\ 2}$ to apologize to someone, but it can help make things better.
Sometimes we do things we know we $\underline{s\ 3}$ not do. You might argue with a friend and say mean things to him or her. You might break a $\underline{r\ 4}$ at school or at home. When you know you did $\underline{s\ 5}$ wrong, apologizing is the right thing to do.
Sometimes accidents happen. You might step on someone's foot by $\underline{m\ 6}$. It is still a good idea to apologize. Apologizing can be a way of saying. “I $\underline{w\ 7}$ that did not happen.”
People can tell $\underline{i\ 8}$ you say “I am sorry” but you do not really mean it. Apologizing when you are not sorry does not help much. Maybe you are $\underline{s\ 9}$ feeling angry, so you do not want to apologize. Take some time to calm down and think about what happened. Then try apologizing. The other person might still be angry with you, but you will probably feel better about $\underline{y\ 10}$. Why? You will know you did the right thing.
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1. means 2. easy 3. should 4. rule
5. something 6. mistake 7. wish 8. if
9. still 10. yourself/yourselves

【分析】
首字母填空的解题思路为：1. 通读全文，把握文章围绕“道歉”展开的主旨大意；2. 分析每个空格前后的语境、语法结构及固定搭配，结合首字母提示推断合适的单词；3. 注意单词的形式变化（如第三人称单数、反身代词等）。具体推导如下：
1. 第一空：动名词作主语，谓语用单数，结合语义“意味着”及首字母m，填means；
2. 第二空：结合语义“道歉不总是容易的”及首字母e，填easy；
3. 第三空：固定搭配should not do（不应该做），首字母s，填should；
4. 第四空：固定搭配break a rule（违反规则），首字母r，填rule；
5. 第五空：不定代词+形容词结构，something wrong（错事），首字母s，填something；
6. 第六空：固定搭配by mistake（无意中），首字母m，填mistake；
7. 第七空：虚拟语气表达I wish...（我希望），首字母w，填wish；
8. 第八空：宾语从句引导词，语义“如果”，首字母i，填if；
9. 第九空：语义“仍然”，首字母s，填still；
10. 第十空：固定搭配feel better about oneself（自我感觉更好），首字母y，填yourself/yourselves。
【解析】
1. 句意：说“对不起”意味着道歉。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，结合首字母m，填means；
2. 句意：向别人道歉并不总是容易的。结合首字母e及语境，填形容词easy；
3. 句意：有时我们做了知道自己不应该做的事。固定搭配should not do（不应该做），首字母s，填should；
4. 句意：你可能违反学校或家里的规则。固定搭配break a rule（违反规则），首字母r，填rule；
5. 句意：当你知道自己做错事时，道歉是正确的做法。不定代词something修饰形容词wrong，结合首字母s，填something；
6. 句意：你可能无意中踩到别人的脚。固定搭配by mistake（错误地，无意中），首字母m，填mistake；
7. 句意：我希望那没有发生。虚拟语气常用表达I wish+从句，首字母w，填wish；
8. 句意：人们能分辨出如果你说“对不起”但不是真心的。此处为宾语从句，引导词if表示“如果”，首字母i，填if；
9. 句意：也许你仍然在生气，所以不想道歉。结合首字母s及语境，填副词still；
10. 句意：你可能会自我感觉更好。固定搭配feel better about oneself，主语为you，反身代词用yourself或yourselves，首字母y，填yourself/yourselves。
【答案】1. means 2. easy 3. should 4. rule 5. something 6. mistake 7. wish 8. if 9. still 10. yourself/yourselves
【知识点】首字母填空、固定搭配、语法运用
【点评】本题围绕道歉的意义展开，考查学生对词汇、固定搭配及语境的理解，题型基础，注重日常积累。
【难度系数】0.6

九、书面表达。（13分）
你校将举办一个关于良好餐桌礼仪的讲座，请你根据以下表格中的内容，写一篇英语短文，为此次讲座做宣传，内容可作适当发挥，90词左右。

One possible version:
We are going to hold a talk on good table manners next Friday. It will take place at 2:30 p.m. in the school hall. There will be much advice on table manners. First of all, you shouldn't start eating until everyone is ready. Second, it is impolite to make too much noise while eating.
Third, you should not talk with food in your mouth. Finally, always remember to wait for everyone to finish before you leave the table.
These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.

【分析】
本题为英语书面表达题，要求根据给定表格信息写一篇宣传餐桌礼仪讲座的英语短文。解题思路：1. 明确写作目的是宣传讲座，需涵盖讲座的时间、地点、核心内容及意义；2. 提取表格关键信息，补充符合餐桌礼仪的合理内容（如不要嘴里含食物说话）；3. 用正确的英语时态（一般将来时）组织语句，保证词数约90词，语言通顺连贯。
【解析】
1. 开头点明讲座基本信息：说明将举办的讲座主题、时间、地点；
2. 中间分点介绍餐桌礼仪建议：对应表格内容，补充合理礼仪点，如“不要嘴里含食物说话”，符合主题；
3. 结尾阐述礼仪规则的重要性，使文章完整；
4. 注意用词准确，符合英语表达习惯，控制词数。
【答案】
One possible version:
We are going to hold a talk on good table manners next Friday. It will take place at 2:30 p.m. in the school hall. There will be much advice on table manners. First of all, you shouldn't start eating until everyone is ready. Second, it is impolite to make too much noise while eating. Third, you should not talk with food in your mouth. Finally, always remember to wait for everyone to finish before you leave the table. These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、餐桌礼仪词汇、一般将来时
【点评】
本题结合实际场景考查英语应用文写作，既要求学生提取表格信息，又需适当发挥补充内容，符合初中英语书面表达的考查方向，能有效检验学生的语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.5