五、综合填空(每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marathon pacers (配速员), sometimes also called “rabbits”, are usually great runners. They run 46 a fixed speed and help other runners finish the race in their planned time. They usually hold a sign or a balloon with the time in which they try to finish the race.
So far, it 47 (be) a tradition that there are usually between 10 and 15 pacers in a marathon. Each of them 48 (lead) a different pace group. For example, a larger marathon might have pace groups every 5 minutes. If you try to run a 3:30 marathon, it is a good 49 (choose) to join the 3:30 pace group.
There are several reasons to run with a pacer. First of all, they can help you run at the right pace. If you go out too fast in the first half of the race, you 50 (run) out of energy quickly and slow down in the second one. If you set out to run a 51 (slow) first half and a faster second one, it can be difficult 52 (pick) up the pace in the end because you're tired out. With 53 pacer, you don't have to think hard about your pace. You just need to keep up with your pacer.
Marathon pacers do more than that. They can encourage you to keep going 54 you go through the hardest part of the race. In fact, many marathon runners hit their best times successfully by following a pacer.
To become a marathon pacer, you must be able to pace a race 55 (correct) and have much experience in running marathons.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marathon pacers (配速员), sometimes also called “rabbits”, are usually great runners. They run 46 a fixed speed and help other runners finish the race in their planned time. They usually hold a sign or a balloon with the time in which they try to finish the race.
So far, it 47 (be) a tradition that there are usually between 10 and 15 pacers in a marathon. Each of them 48 (lead) a different pace group. For example, a larger marathon might have pace groups every 5 minutes. If you try to run a 3:30 marathon, it is a good 49 (choose) to join the 3:30 pace group.
There are several reasons to run with a pacer. First of all, they can help you run at the right pace. If you go out too fast in the first half of the race, you 50 (run) out of energy quickly and slow down in the second one. If you set out to run a 51 (slow) first half and a faster second one, it can be difficult 52 (pick) up the pace in the end because you're tired out. With 53 pacer, you don't have to think hard about your pace. You just need to keep up with your pacer.
Marathon pacers do more than that. They can encourage you to keep going 54 you go through the hardest part of the race. In fact, many marathon runners hit their best times successfully by following a pacer.
To become a marathon pacer, you must be able to pace a race 55 (correct) and have much experience in running marathons.
46.
at
47.
has been
48.
leads
49.
choice
50.
will run
51.
slower
52.
to pick
53.
a
54.
when
55.
correctly
答案
五、综合填空
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了马拉松配速员的角色及其对参赛者的帮助。
46. at 47. has been 48. leads 49. choice 50. will run 51. slower 52. to pick 53. a 54. when 55. correctly
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了马拉松配速员的角色及其对参赛者的帮助。
46. at 47. has been 48. leads 49. choice 50. will run 51. slower 52. to pick 53. a 54. when 55. correctly
解析
【分析】
这是一篇说明文,介绍马拉松配速员的相关内容。解题时需结合语境、固定搭配、时态、词性转换等知识点逐一分析:
1. 第46空:考查固定介词搭配,“以固定速度”常用“at a fixed speed”,因此填at。
2. 第47空:时间状语“So far”(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志,主语it为第三人称单数,所以用has been。
3. 第48空:主语“Each of them”强调个体,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,结合一般现在时的语境,填leads。
4. 第49空:“a good”后需接名词,choose的名词形式是choice,符合句意要求。
5. 第50空:if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时,主句要用一般将来时,故填will run。
6. 第51空:根据后文的“faster”可知此处是对比关系,要用slow的比较级slower。
7. 第52空:考查固定句型“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”,it作形式主语,真正主语是不定式,所以填to pick。
8. 第53空:pacer是可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个配速员”,且以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
9. 第54空:此处引导时间状语从句,表达“当你经历比赛最艰难部分时”,用when符合语境。
10. 第55空:修饰动词pace需要用副词,correct的副词形式是correctly。
【解析】
46. at:固定搭配“at a fixed speed”表示“以固定的速度”,契合配速员按固定速度跑步的语境。
47. has been:时间状语“So far”提示使用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,主语it为第三人称单数,故填has been。
48. leads:“Each of them”强调个体,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,结合一般现在时的语境,填leads。
49. choice:“a good”后接名词,choose的名词形式是choice,意为“选择”,符合“加入3:30配速组是个好选择”的句意。
50. will run:if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”,从句为一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,故填will run。
51. slower:根据后文“faster”可知此处是对比关系,用slow的比较级slower,表示“较慢的”,与后半段的“更快”形成对应。
52. to pick:固定句型“it is difficult to do sth.”中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to pick。
53. a:pacer是可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个配速员”,且pacer以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
54. when:引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”,符合“当你经历比赛最艰难部分时,他们鼓励你坚持下去”的语境。
55. correctly:修饰动词pace需用副词,correct的副词形式是correctly,表示“准确地”,符合成为配速员需准确控速的要求。
【答案】
46. at
47. has been
48. leads
49. choice
50. will run
51. slower
52. to pick
53. a
54. when
55. correctly
【知识点】
1. 固定搭配与句型
2. 时态运用
3. 词性转换
【点评】
本题考查英语基础知识的综合运用,涵盖介词搭配、时态、主谓一致、词性转换、从句引导词等多个核心考点,紧密结合马拉松配速员的实用语境,既要求学生熟练掌握基础语法规则,又需要结合语境灵活分析判断,对学生的综合语言运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇说明文,介绍马拉松配速员的相关内容。解题时需结合语境、固定搭配、时态、词性转换等知识点逐一分析:
1. 第46空:考查固定介词搭配,“以固定速度”常用“at a fixed speed”,因此填at。
2. 第47空:时间状语“So far”(到目前为止)是现在完成时的标志,主语it为第三人称单数,所以用has been。
3. 第48空:主语“Each of them”强调个体,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,结合一般现在时的语境,填leads。
4. 第49空:“a good”后需接名词,choose的名词形式是choice,符合句意要求。
5. 第50空:if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时,主句要用一般将来时,故填will run。
6. 第51空:根据后文的“faster”可知此处是对比关系,要用slow的比较级slower。
7. 第52空:考查固定句型“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”,it作形式主语,真正主语是不定式,所以填to pick。
8. 第53空:pacer是可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个配速员”,且以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
9. 第54空:此处引导时间状语从句,表达“当你经历比赛最艰难部分时”,用when符合语境。
10. 第55空:修饰动词pace需要用副词,correct的副词形式是correctly。
【解析】
46. at:固定搭配“at a fixed speed”表示“以固定的速度”,契合配速员按固定速度跑步的语境。
47. has been:时间状语“So far”提示使用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,主语it为第三人称单数,故填has been。
48. leads:“Each of them”强调个体,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,结合一般现在时的语境,填leads。
49. choice:“a good”后接名词,choose的名词形式是choice,意为“选择”,符合“加入3:30配速组是个好选择”的句意。
50. will run:if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”,从句为一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,故填will run。
51. slower:根据后文“faster”可知此处是对比关系,用slow的比较级slower,表示“较慢的”,与后半段的“更快”形成对应。
52. to pick:固定句型“it is difficult to do sth.”中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to pick。
53. a:pacer是可数名词单数,此处表泛指“一个配速员”,且pacer以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。
54. when:引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时候”,符合“当你经历比赛最艰难部分时,他们鼓励你坚持下去”的语境。
55. correctly:修饰动词pace需用副词,correct的副词形式是correctly,表示“准确地”,符合成为配速员需准确控速的要求。
【答案】
46. at
47. has been
48. leads
49. choice
50. will run
51. slower
52. to pick
53. a
54. when
55. correctly
【知识点】
1. 固定搭配与句型
2. 时态运用
3. 词性转换
【点评】
本题考查英语基础知识的综合运用,涵盖介词搭配、时态、主谓一致、词性转换、从句引导词等多个核心考点,紧密结合马拉松配速员的实用语境,既要求学生熟练掌握基础语法规则,又需要结合语境灵活分析判断,对学生的综合语言运用能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、选词填空(每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空,每个单词或短语限用一次。
be fall down he close great centre add bear dream guest
In Fujian, tulou are not just buildings, but also the keepers of ancient Chinese lives and our culture.
Tulou are 56 circle buildings with earthen walls around and wooden organizations inside. They were built by the Hakka people (客家人), a group who moved from 57 China to the mountain areas in the south to avoid wars hundreds of years ago.
There are thousands of tulou across Fujian, and Yongding is home to 1,768 of them. Have you ever 58 of spending a day living in a tulou? Now, that dream can come true.
Shengheng Lou is a tulou in Yongding with a history of nearly four hundred years. The condition of the building used 59 quite bad, but now it has become a modern hotel. Last year, around 5,000 60 stayed in the hotel.
Lin Hui, the manager, 61 in 1986 within the walls of another tulou in Yongding, understands the building and its history. “Of all the dangers, tulou's not being in use is the 62 one,” Lin said. The inner wooden organizations of tulou are connected, so once one room becomes weak, it can easily cause nearby rooms 63.
The rebuilding fixed the old problem and also added some new functions like toilets. Steel 64 to better support the building's wooden organization.
Zeng Jieshan, a high school student from Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, travelled four hours by train to experience the tulou for 65. “I used to think ancient buildings were mostly palaces, like the Forbidden City,” Zeng said. “But here in the tulou, people still live.”
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空,每个单词或短语限用一次。
be fall down he close great centre add bear dream guest
In Fujian, tulou are not just buildings, but also the keepers of ancient Chinese lives and our culture.
Tulou are 56 circle buildings with earthen walls around and wooden organizations inside. They were built by the Hakka people (客家人), a group who moved from 57 China to the mountain areas in the south to avoid wars hundreds of years ago.
There are thousands of tulou across Fujian, and Yongding is home to 1,768 of them. Have you ever 58 of spending a day living in a tulou? Now, that dream can come true.
Shengheng Lou is a tulou in Yongding with a history of nearly four hundred years. The condition of the building used 59 quite bad, but now it has become a modern hotel. Last year, around 5,000 60 stayed in the hotel.
Lin Hui, the manager, 61 in 1986 within the walls of another tulou in Yongding, understands the building and its history. “Of all the dangers, tulou's not being in use is the 62 one,” Lin said. The inner wooden organizations of tulou are connected, so once one room becomes weak, it can easily cause nearby rooms 63.
The rebuilding fixed the old problem and also added some new functions like toilets. Steel 64 to better support the building's wooden organization.
Zeng Jieshan, a high school student from Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, travelled four hours by train to experience the tulou for 65. “I used to think ancient buildings were mostly palaces, like the Forbidden City,” Zeng said. “But here in the tulou, people still live.”
56.
closed
57.
central
58.
dreamed
59.
to be
60.
guests
61.
born
62.
greatest
63.
to fall down
64.
was added
65.
himself
答案
六、选词填空
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,讲述了福建土楼的历史、文化意义以及其现代转型。
56. closed 57. central 58. dreamed 59. to be 60. guests 61. born 62. greatest 63. to fall down 64. was added 65. himself
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,讲述了福建土楼的历史、文化意义以及其现代转型。
56. closed 57. central 58. dreamed 59. to be 60. guests 61. born 62. greatest 63. to fall down 64. was added 65. himself
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍福建土楼的说明文,解题时需先通读文章把握大意,再结合每个空的语境、语法要求和固定搭配,从方框中选择合适词汇并变换正确形式:
1. 第56空:需形容词修饰名词短语“circle buildings”,结合土楼“封闭圆形建筑”的特点,选择“close”的形容词形式“closed”。
2. 第57空:需形容词修饰“China”,表示“华中地区”,用“centre”的形容词形式“central”。
3. 第58空:句中有助动词“Have”,是现在完成时结构,需填动词过去分词,结合固定搭配“dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)”,用“dream”的过去分词“dreamed”。
4. 第59空:固定搭配“used to be+形容词”表示“过去曾经是……”,此处指土楼过去状况很差,所以填“to be”。
5. 第60空:“5,000”后接可数名词复数,结合“stayed in the hotel”可知是“客人”,用“guest”的复数形式“guests”。
6. 第61空:此处需过去分词作后置定语修饰Lin Hui,“born in+年份”表示“出生于……年”,所以填“born”。
7. 第62空:句中有“Of all the dangers”,表示在多个危险中比较,需用形容词最高级,结合语境“土楼被弃用是最大的危险”,用“great”的最高级“greatest”。
8. 第63空:固定搭配“cause sth. to do sth.(导致某物做某事)”,此处指导致房间倒塌,所以填“to fall down”。
9. 第64空:“Steel”是被添加到建筑中,需用被动语态,文章整体是过去时态,且steel是不可数名词,所以用一般过去时被动语态“was added”。
10. 第65空:固定搭配“for oneself(亲自)”,主语是男性Zeng Jieshan,所以用反身代词“himself”。
【解析】
56. 空后是名词短语“circle buildings”,需要形容词修饰,结合土楼的封闭结构特点,将“close”转换为形容词“closed”,表示“封闭的”,符合语境。
57. 修饰名词“China”需形容词,“centre”的形容词形式“central”,“central China”意为“华中地区”,符合客家人迁徙的背景。
58. 句中“Have”提示现在完成时,结构为“have+过去分词”,“dream of doing sth.”是固定搭配,故填“dream”的过去分词“dreamed”。
59. “used to be+形容词”是固定表达,用来描述过去的状态,此处指土楼过去状况糟糕,所以填“to be”。
60. “5,000”后接可数名词复数,结合“stayed in the hotel”可知是指入住的客人,故填“guest”的复数“guests”。
61. 此处用过去分词“born”作后置定语,修饰Lin Hui,“born in 1986”表示“1986年出生的”,符合语境。
62. “Of all the dangers”表示范围,需用形容词最高级,“great”的最高级“greatest”,表示土楼被弃用是最大的危险,符合文意。
63. “cause sth. to do sth.”是固定搭配,意为“导致某物做某事”,此处指导致附近房间倒塌,故填“to fall down”。
64. 主语“Steel”与“add”是被动关系,且文章为过去时态,steel是不可数名词,所以用一般过去时被动语态“was added”。
65. “for oneself”是固定短语,意为“亲自”,主语是男性,故用反身代词“himself”。
【答案】
56. closed
57. central
58. dreamed
59. to be
60. guests
61. born
62. greatest
63. to fall down
64. was added
65. himself
【知识点】
1. 词性转换
2. 固定搭配运用
3. 被动语态
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的综合运用,涵盖词性转换、时态语态、固定搭配等知识点,既要求学生掌握词汇的不同形式,又需要结合文章上下文理解语境,对学生的词汇储备和阅读理解能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍福建土楼的说明文,解题时需先通读文章把握大意,再结合每个空的语境、语法要求和固定搭配,从方框中选择合适词汇并变换正确形式:
1. 第56空:需形容词修饰名词短语“circle buildings”,结合土楼“封闭圆形建筑”的特点,选择“close”的形容词形式“closed”。
2. 第57空:需形容词修饰“China”,表示“华中地区”,用“centre”的形容词形式“central”。
3. 第58空:句中有助动词“Have”,是现在完成时结构,需填动词过去分词,结合固定搭配“dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)”,用“dream”的过去分词“dreamed”。
4. 第59空:固定搭配“used to be+形容词”表示“过去曾经是……”,此处指土楼过去状况很差,所以填“to be”。
5. 第60空:“5,000”后接可数名词复数,结合“stayed in the hotel”可知是“客人”,用“guest”的复数形式“guests”。
6. 第61空:此处需过去分词作后置定语修饰Lin Hui,“born in+年份”表示“出生于……年”,所以填“born”。
7. 第62空:句中有“Of all the dangers”,表示在多个危险中比较,需用形容词最高级,结合语境“土楼被弃用是最大的危险”,用“great”的最高级“greatest”。
8. 第63空:固定搭配“cause sth. to do sth.(导致某物做某事)”,此处指导致房间倒塌,所以填“to fall down”。
9. 第64空:“Steel”是被添加到建筑中,需用被动语态,文章整体是过去时态,且steel是不可数名词,所以用一般过去时被动语态“was added”。
10. 第65空:固定搭配“for oneself(亲自)”,主语是男性Zeng Jieshan,所以用反身代词“himself”。
【解析】
56. 空后是名词短语“circle buildings”,需要形容词修饰,结合土楼的封闭结构特点,将“close”转换为形容词“closed”,表示“封闭的”,符合语境。
57. 修饰名词“China”需形容词,“centre”的形容词形式“central”,“central China”意为“华中地区”,符合客家人迁徙的背景。
58. 句中“Have”提示现在完成时,结构为“have+过去分词”,“dream of doing sth.”是固定搭配,故填“dream”的过去分词“dreamed”。
59. “used to be+形容词”是固定表达,用来描述过去的状态,此处指土楼过去状况糟糕,所以填“to be”。
60. “5,000”后接可数名词复数,结合“stayed in the hotel”可知是指入住的客人,故填“guest”的复数“guests”。
61. 此处用过去分词“born”作后置定语,修饰Lin Hui,“born in 1986”表示“1986年出生的”,符合语境。
62. “Of all the dangers”表示范围,需用形容词最高级,“great”的最高级“greatest”,表示土楼被弃用是最大的危险,符合文意。
63. “cause sth. to do sth.”是固定搭配,意为“导致某物做某事”,此处指导致附近房间倒塌,故填“to fall down”。
64. 主语“Steel”与“add”是被动关系,且文章为过去时态,steel是不可数名词,所以用一般过去时被动语态“was added”。
65. “for oneself”是固定短语,意为“亲自”,主语是男性,故用反身代词“himself”。
【答案】
56. closed
57. central
58. dreamed
59. to be
60. guests
61. born
62. greatest
63. to fall down
64. was added
65. himself
【知识点】
1. 词性转换
2. 固定搭配运用
3. 被动语态
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的综合运用,涵盖词性转换、时态语态、固定搭配等知识点,既要求学生掌握词汇的不同形式,又需要结合文章上下文理解语境,对学生的词汇储备和阅读理解能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
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