训练2：（温州中考）Marathon routes bring people more understanding of the old sport.
Some routes provide great sporting challenges for runners. The routes offer various surfaces, from bridges to sand to hills. Runners of all skill levels can sweat freely and push their limits in the race. Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city. For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon takes the runners along the great wonder of the world. The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food.
3. The writer uses the example of the Great Wall Marathon to tell that the route .

A.is difficult to plan
B.shows the city culture
C.offers different surfaces
D.brings challenge to runners

3. B 语义转换题。根据“Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city ... The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food.”可知跑长城马拉松可以了解北京、北京人和当地食物,因此以长城马拉松为例是为了说明马拉松的路线可以展示城市文化。

【分析】
这是一道英语阅读理解细节理解题，解题思路为：先定位题干中的“Great Wall Marathon”到原文，找到该例子的上下文语境；结合前文“Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city”，以及例子中“能了解北京、当地人和食物”的描述，明确举例的作用，再逐一排除不符合的选项即可得出答案。
【解析】
首先定位原文中长城马拉松的相关内容：“Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city. For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon takes the runners along the great wonder of the world. The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food.”。由此可知，作者用长城马拉松的例子是为了说明马拉松路线可让跑步者了解城市的多面性，即展示城市文化，对应选项B。A选项“难规划”、C选项“不同路面”、D选项“给跑步者带来挑战”均与例子的核心作用不符，故排除。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、语义转换
【点评】
本题属于英语阅读理解中的细节理解类题目，要求学生准确把握例子的上下文逻辑，理解举例的作用，难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文定位相关信息即可选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7

例题3:(淄博中考)Denmark is called the land of fairy tales. Andersen's another popular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid(《美人鱼》). The Little Mermaid statue(雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark's most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck.
3. Which of the following is TRUE about the Little Mermaid statue?

A.It's called fairyland.
B.It was built by Andersen.
C.It welcomes the ships there.
D.It has been there for about 110 years.
解析:D 判断正误题。根据“The Little Mermaid statue has been regarded as Denmark's most famous landmark since 1913.”可知自1913年以来，小美人鱼雕像一直被视为丹麦最著名的地标，由此可知，小美人鱼雕像已经在那大约110年了。A项偷换概念；B、C项无中生有。

3. D 判断正误题。根据“The Little Mermaid statue has been regarded as Denmark's most famous landmark since 1913.”可知自1913年以来，小美人鱼雕像一直被视为丹麦最著名的地标，由此可知，小美人鱼雕像已经在那大约110年了。A项偷换概念；B、C项无中生有。

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解中的判断正误题，解题思路是先定位原文中关于小美人鱼雕像的关键信息，再逐一分析每个选项，排除偷换概念、无中生有的错误选项，最终确定正确答案。具体步骤：1. 找到原文中关于小美人鱼雕像的时间信息“since 1913”；2. 分析选项A：偷换了“丹麦被称为童话王国”的概念，错误；3. 分析选项B：安徒生是童话作者，并非雕像建造者，无中生有，错误；4. 分析选项C：原文未提及雕像欢迎船只，无中生有，错误；5. 分析选项D：从1913年到现在约110年，符合原文信息，正确。
【解析】本题为判断正误题，需结合原文信息逐一分析选项：根据原文“The Little Mermaid statue has been regarded as Denmark's most famous landmark since 1913.”，可知小美人鱼雕像自1913年起就位于丹麦，到现在（约2023年）已有约110年，故D项正确；A项偷换概念（丹麦被称为童话王国，而非雕像），错误；B项安徒生是童话作者，并非雕像建造者，无中生有，错误；C项原文未提及雕像欢迎船只，无中生有，错误。因此答案选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语阅读理解 判断正误题
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解中判断正误类题型的解题技巧，要求学生能精准定位原文信息，准确辨析选项中的偷换概念、无中生有等错误类型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

训练3：（聊城中考）... One kind of albatross(信天翁) can dive(俯冲) as deep as 12.5 meters ... Most albatrosses live in the Antarctic and the North Pacific, and you can find them in Shandong, Taiwan and other seaside provinces of China ... The egg is taken care of by the parents in turn. Albatrosses are popular sea birds but their population is small.
5. Which of the following is NOT true?

A.There are a lot of albatrosses in China.
B.Some albatrosses can dive 12.5 meters.
C.Both the parents take care of their egg in turn.
D.Albatrosses can probably be found in Fujian Province.

5. A 判断正误题。根据“Most albatrosses live in the Antarctic and the North Pacific, and you can find them in Shandong, Taiwan and other seaside provinces of China”和“Albatrosses are popular sea birds but their population is small.”可知在中国有一些信天翁,但是很少。
难点分析
根据“you can find them in Shandong, Taiwan and other seaside provinces of China”并结合地理知识可知,海滨省份福建可能有信天翁。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解中的判断正误题，解题思路是：先明确每个选项的核心内容，再回到原文定位对应信息，将选项与原文逐一比对，找出与原文不符的选项。
【解析】
逐一分析选项：
1. 选项A：原文提到“Albatrosses are popular sea birds but their population is small”，说明中国的信天翁数量少，并非“很多”，因此A项错误；
2. 选项B：原文明确表述“One kind of albatross can dive as deep as 12.5 meters”，与选项一致，B项正确；
3. 选项C：原文提到“The egg is taken care of by the parents in turn”，即父母轮流照顾蛋，与选项一致，C项正确；
4. 选项D：原文指出信天翁分布在山东、台湾等海滨省份，福建是中国海滨省份，结合地理常识可推断可能有信天翁，D项正确。
综上，不符合原文的是A选项。
【答案】
A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解，判断正误题
【点评】
本题考查对英语阅读文本细节信息的提取与判断，需精准定位原文内容，同时结合常识辅助推理，是中考常见的基础题型，注重细节把握。
【难度系数】
0.6

例题4:(烟台中考)In 1922, Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andrés suggested the idea as a way to honor their famous writer Miguel de Cervantes. Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes' birthday. In 1930, it was moved to April 23, the date of his death.
1. When did Spain first hold a celebration to honor Cervantes?
A. In 1922.
B. In 1926.
C. In 1930.
D. In 1995.
解析:B 数字计算题。根据“In 1922 ... Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes' birthday.”可知,1926年第一次纪念塞万提斯。
训练4: (聊城中考)"It is my greatest happiness to care for them," said 49-year-old Xie. She has been working at Yiyuan County Special Education School in Zibo, Shandong Province for 27 years.
1. Xie Xiaohua began to work at the school at the age of .
A. 22
B. 27
C. 29
D. 49

1. B 数字计算题。根据“In 1922 ... Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes' birthday.”可知,1926年第一次纪念塞万提斯。
训练4 1. A 数字计算题。根据“said 49-year-old Xie”和“She has been working at ... for 27 years.”可知谢小华 49 岁了,而她在山东省淄博市沂源县特殊教育学校已经有 27 年了,由此可知她 22 岁开始在学校工作。

【分析】本题是英语阅读理解中的数字计算题，解题思路为：先定位文中关于谢小华的关键信息（当前年龄、工作年限），再通过减法计算得出她开始工作时的年龄，最后匹配选项选出答案。
【解析】根据文中关键信息“said 49-year-old Xie”可知谢小华现在49岁，“She has been working at Yiyuan County Special Education School in Zibo, Shandong Province for 27 years.”说明她在该校已工作27年，因此她开始在学校工作的年龄为49 - 27 = 22岁，对应选项A。
【答案】A
【知识点】英语阅读理解、数字计算
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解中的数字计算能力，需准确提取文中的年龄与工作年限信息，通过简单运算得出结果，属于初中英语常见基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6