2026年名师面对面学科素养评价八年级英语上册外研版第58页答案
一、根据汉语意思或音标写单词。
1. After an earthquake, it became a
lost
(不复存在的) city. Many people moved to new places to live.
2. It is
shocking
(惊人的) to hear the bad news.
3. You'd better put on your coat before you go
outside
(在室外) because it is quite cold.
4. My sister was so angry that she
shut
(关上) the door heavily and left without a word.
5. Go
straight
/streɪt/ along the street, and you will find a park next to a hospital.

答案

1.lost 2.shocking 3.outside 4.shut 5.straight

解析

【分析】
本题要求根据汉语意思或音标填写正确的英语单词,解题时需先明确每个小题的提示类型(汉语释义或音标),再结合语境(如词性、时态)匹配对应单词,确保拼写准确。具体思路:1. 由汉语“不复存在的”确定修饰城市的形容词;2. 由汉语“惊人的”判断修饰事物的形容词;3. 由汉语“在室外”匹配对应副词;4. 结合时态(一般过去时)确定“关上”的过去式;5. 根据音标直接写出对应单词。
【解析】
1. 汉语“不复存在的”需形容词修饰名词city,故填lost;
2. 汉语“惊人的”修饰事物,用形容词shocking;
3. 汉语“在室外”对应副词outside,符合语境;
4. 由前文was可知句子为一般过去时,“关上”的过去式是shut;
5. 音标/streɪt/对应单词straight,符合“直走”的表达。
【答案】
1.lost 2.shocking 3.outside 4.shut 5.straight
【知识点】
词汇运用、单词拼写
【点评】
本题为基础词汇考查题,侧重核心单词的识记与语境运用,是英语学习的基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. Last night, I
was sleeping
(sleep) when the rainstorm came.
7. Tina decided
to make
(make) a study plan to get good grades.
8. Short videos usually last from a few
seconds
(second) to a few minutes.
9. Suddenly, my sister called my name,
shook
(shake) her hands and ran to me.
10. Today we're going on an outing. There are eight
coaches
(coach) at the gate of our school.

答案

6.was sleeping 7.to make 8.seconds 9.shook 10.coaches

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空,需结合时态、固定搭配、名词数的变化、动词形式等知识点解题:
1. 第6题:句中时间状语为last night,when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,需用过去进行时(was/were + 现在分词),主语为I,故填对应形式。
2. 第7题:考查固定搭配decide to do sth(决定做某事),此处需用动词不定式,符合搭配要求。
3. 第8题:a few后接可数名词复数,second是可数名词,需转换为复数形式。
4. 第9题:句中called、ran为并列的过去式谓语动词,shake需用过去式保持时态一致。
5. 第10题:数词eight后接可数名词复数,coach以ch结尾,需按规则变复数。
【解析】
6. 过去进行时结构为was/were + doing,主语为I,故填was sleeping;
7. 固定搭配decide to do sth要求用动词不定式,故填to make;
8. a few修饰可数名词复数,second的复数为seconds,故填seconds;
9. 并列谓语需时态一致,shake的过去式为shook,故填shook;
10. 数词eight后接可数名词复数,coach的复数为coaches,故填coaches。
【答案】
6.was sleeping 7.to make 8.seconds 9.shook 10.coaches
【知识点】
过去进行时、动词不定式、名词复数
【点评】
本题为英语基础语法题,涵盖时态、固定搭配、名词变形等核心考点,侧重考查学生对基础语法规则的掌握,难度适中,是初中英语常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、选词填空。

Mount Vesuvius, a famous volcano in Italy, once caused a terrible disaster — the eruption(爆发)that destroyed the ancient city of Pompeii.
One night, the ground shook terribly, 11.
waking up
many people from their sleep. People were so 12.
scared
that they ran out of their houses quickly. The
streets became very 13.
crowded
as families tried to escape together. At that moment, they could hear many people were 14.
crying
for their loved ones in the darkness.
15.
Suddenly
, the sea began to move back, leaving many fish on the shore. Then, a huge dark cloud rolled down from the volcano, covering the sky and turning day 16.
into
night. Ash and smoke filled the air, making it hard to 17.
breathe
.
After a long and terrifying night, the daylight finally came back. However, 18.
everything
was covered in thick ash, just like snow. This terrible disaster showed 19.
how
powerful nature can be. It also reminds us to respect nature and protect our planet.

答案

11.waking up 12.scared 13.crowded 14.crying 15.Suddenly 16.into 17.breathe 18.everything 19.how

解析

【分析】
首先通读全文,理解文章讲述维苏威火山爆发的灾难场景,结合每个空格的语境、词性要求,匹配给出的单词,并注意单词的形式变化(如动词的现在分词、形容词变副词等),逐一确定每个空的正确选项。
【解析】
11. 空格处表示地面摇晃的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,短语wake up的现在分词形式为waking up,故填waking up。
12. so后接形容词,描述人们的情绪,scared(害怕的)符合语境,故填scared。
13. become后接形容词,描述街道的状态,crowded(拥挤的)符合逃离时街道的场景,故填crowded。
14. 此处是过去进行时(were + 现在分词),表示人们正在哭,cry的现在分词是crying,故填crying。
15. 空格处修饰整个句子,需用副词,sudden的副词形式是Suddenly,句首首字母大写,故填Suddenly。
16. 固定搭配turn into表示“变成”,符合“白天变成黑夜”的语境,故填into。
17. it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式,需用动词原形,breathe(呼吸)符合“空气里充满灰烟,难以呼吸”的语境,故填breathe。
18. 此处表示“一切事物”被厚灰覆盖,everything符合语境,故填everything。
19. 感叹句结构“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”,修饰形容词powerful,用how,故填how。
【答案】
11.waking up 12.scared 13.crowded 14.crying 15.Suddenly 16.into 17.breathe 18.everything 19.how
【知识点】
动词形式变化、形容词副词用法、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为选词填空,需结合文章语境、词性要求及单词形式转换(如动词变现在分词、形容词变副词)完成,考查学生对词汇的灵活运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.5