一、根据语境及汉语提示或英文释义填空
1. The dishes in this restaurant are better than we (预料) before.
2. 重点词汇 (信心) is not, “They will like me”. Instead, it is, “I’ll be fine if they don’t”.
3. The colour of the wall has (影响) my mood a lot. I prefer light colours like white.
4. 易错词汇 Sometimes there is a lot of (竞争) between children for their mother’s attention.
5. 重点词汇 We all admired his (the ability to control your fear) in the face of such difficulties and saw him as a positive role model.

一、1. expected 2. Confidence 3. influenced 4. competition 5. courage

【分析】
本题为根据语境、汉语提示或英文释义填单词的题型，解题思路为：1. 结合句子中的时间标志、时态提示确定单词的正确形式；2. 根据汉语提示或英文释义确定单词词义；3. 结合句子成分（如主语用名词、谓语考虑时态）确定单词的词性及形式变化。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语before提示动作发生在过去，需用动词expect的过去式expected；
2. 汉语提示“信心”为名词，在句中作主语，位于句首首字母大写，故填Confidence；
3. 句中助动词has提示为现在完成时，需用动词influence的过去分词influenced；
4. a lot of后接名词，汉语提示“竞争”的名词形式为competition；
5. 英文释义“the ability to control your fear”意为“控制恐惧的能力”，对应名词courage（勇气）。
【答案】
1. expected 2. Confidence 3. influenced 4. competition 5. courage
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、一般过去时、现在完成时
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的拼写、形式变化及语境运用，是英语学习的核心基础题型，注重词汇在具体语境中的灵活使用。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、根据语境及首字母提示或用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. 重点表达 The saying “Time waits for no man” r us to take action right now.
2. My computer has caught a virus. It works much more slowly and r checking regularly.
3. The museum has an exhibition showing famous w paintings from Europe and America.
4. 重点语法 It was necessary for these volunteers to r training before doing their tasks.
5. The (popular) of some hobbies may change over time, but the passion for them remains.

二、1. reminds 2. requires 3. western 4. receive 5. popularity

【分析】
本题为根据语境及首字母提示或所给单词适当形式填空，需结合句子语法结构、语境含义及首字母/词形要求逐一分析：1. 第1题主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词需用三单形式，结合谚语含义及首字母r判断；2. 第2题主语为it，结合电脑故障语境及首字母r确定动词三单形式；3. 第3题需形容词修饰名词paintings，首字母w对应“西方的”；4. 第4题涉及固定句型It is necessary for sb to do sth，不定式后用动词原形，结合首字母r判断；5. 第5题定冠词the后需接名词，将所给形容词popular转换为名词形式。
【解析】
1. 句子主语“The saying”为单数第三人称，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，结合语境“谚语提醒我们”及首字母r，故填reminds；
2. 主语“it”指代电脑，结合“电脑中毒后需要定期检查”的语境及首字母r，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填requires；
3. 此处需形容词修饰名词“paintings”，结合首字母w及“欧美著名画作”的语境，填形容词western；
4. 固定句型“It is necessary for sb to do sth”中，不定式符号to后接动词原形，结合首字母r及“接受训练”的语境，故填receive；
5. 定冠词“the”后需接名词，所给形容词popular的名词形式为popularity，故填popularity。
【答案】
1. reminds 2. requires 3. western 4. receive 5. popularity
【知识点】
词汇运用、词形转换、固定句型
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的运用及词形变化，涵盖首字母填空和词形转换两类题型，侧重对核心词汇的掌握，难度适中，是初中英语基础题型，需学生结合语境与语法规则作答。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词
Yang He is a 67 - year - old man from Hubei. When he was a child, Yangtze finless porpoises(江豚) were 1. c in the Yangtze River’s Yichang section. But as the economy(经济) grew, human activities changed this. The porpoise population 2. d so much that it now gets first - level state protection. Yang, who grew up by the river, 3. d himself to protecting them. He uses a camera to record porpoises’ lives. He only started taking photos after retirement—back in 2017, he saw a porpoise swimming with a person, and this 4. e him to learn photography. Over six years, he took 100,000 + photos and chose to 5. d all for free to scientists for research.
Three years ago, he saw a porpoise thrashing(扭动) in water, its tail tangled in old string. He knew porpoises need to surface to 6. b, so he called for help at once. A rescue team arrived soon, and the maritime authority told ships not to 7. c the area to help. They saved the porpoise, and later Yang found it was pregnant—he even saw it with a calf two months later. Yang doesn’t want to be called a “photographer”; he prefers “grassroots guardian.” He is a 8. w person who puts much time into this protection service. Now, thanks to the 10 - year fishing ban and everyone’s efforts, water quality has improved 9. g. More porpoises come to Yichang to have babies—they are like 10. g to the city. All Yichang citizens are proud of this success.

三、【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 67 岁湖北人杨河退休后为守护长江江豚学摄影，拍摄 10 多万张照片免费捐赠用于科研，还曾救援缠绳孕豚，如今长江禁渔后宜昌江豚增多，市民皆为这份成果自豪。
1. common 2. dropped 3. devoted 4. encouraged 5. donate 6. breathe 7. cross 8. warm - hearted 9. greatly 10. gold

【分析】
本题为英语首字母填空题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，把握文章主旨（讲述湖北人杨河守护长江江豚的故事）；2. 逐句分析每个空的语境，结合首字母提示，联系词汇词义、固定搭配及时态语态确定所缺单词；3. 填完后通读全文，检查语义通顺度与语法正确性。
【解析】
1. 结合语境，小时候长江宜昌段江豚很常见，首字母为c，故填common；
2. 经济发展后江豚数量下降，首字母为d，时态为一般过去时，故填dropped；
3. 固定搭配devote oneself to（致力于），时态为一般过去时，首字母为d，故填devoted；
4. 看到江豚与人同游鼓励他学摄影，时态为一般过去时，首字母为e，故填encouraged；
5. choose to do sth（选择做某事），结合语境捐赠照片，首字母为d，故填donate；
6. 江豚需浮出水面呼吸，首字母为b，故填breathe；
7. 海事部门要求船只不要穿过该区域，首字母为c，故填cross；
8. 形容杨河热心守护江豚，首字母为w，故填warm-hearted；
9. 修饰动词improved用副词，表程度大，首字母为g，故填greatly；
10. 江豚像城市的珍贵财富，首字母为g，故填gold。
【答案】
1. common 2. dropped 3. devoted 4. encouraged 5. donate 6. breathe 7. cross 8. warm-hearted 9. greatly 10. gold
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配、语境理解
【点评】
本题围绕环保主题设置首字母填空，既考查基础词汇掌握，又要求结合上下文逻辑分析，贴近生活实际，体现英语学习的实用性。
【难度系数】
0.6