2026年阳光学业评价八年级英语下册沪教版第143页答案
一、用括号内动词的正确时态填空
1. When the message arrived, the astronauts
were eating
(eat) space food.
2. While the robot's arm
was moving
(move), the engineer
was watching
(watch) the screen.
3.
Were
the scientists
looking
(look) at the Moon at 8 p. m. last night?
4. At that moment, the satellite
was flying
(fly) around the Earth.
5. At that time, the rocket
was going
(go) up slowly.
6. When the alarm sounded, they
were drinking
(drink) coffee in the control room.

答案

1. were eating 2. was moving; was watching 3. Were; looking 4. was flying
5. was going 6. were drinking

解析

【分析】这几道题考查过去进行时的用法及when、while引导时间状语从句的时态搭配。过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作,结构为“was/were + 动词现在分词”;when引导的从句常用一般过去时(表短暂动作),主句用过去进行时(表延续动作);while引导的从句常用过去进行时(表延续动作),主句也可使用过去进行时;过去进行时的疑问句需将was/were提前至句首,主语单复数决定was/were的形式。
【解析】1. 从句“When the message arrived”是一般过去时(短暂动作),主句主语“astronauts”为复数,故用过去进行时“were eating”。
2. while引导的从句表延续动作,主语“the robot's arm”为单数,用“was moving”;主句主语“the engineer”为单数,用“was watching”。
3. 时间状语“at 8 p.m. last night”表过去具体时刻,用过去进行时疑问句,主语“the scientists”为复数,be动词用Were,动词用现在分词looking,故填“Were; looking”。
4. 时间状语“At that moment”表过去时刻,主语“the satellite”为单数,用过去进行时“was flying”。
5. 时间状语“At that time”表过去时间段,主语“the rocket”为单数,用过去进行时“was going”。
6. 从句“When the alarm sounded”是一般过去时(短暂动作),主句主语“they”为复数,用过去进行时“were drinking”。
【答案】1. were eating 2. was moving; was watching 3. Were; looking 4. was flying 5. was going 6. were drinking
【知识点】过去进行时,when/while的时态搭配
【点评】本题围绕过去进行时的核心考点设置,重点考查时态结构、主语单复数匹配及时间连词的时态用法,属于初中英语基础时态题,只要掌握规则即可正确作答。
【难度系数】0.6
二、根据括号里的提示,用正确时态完成对话
Amber: Dr Huang, you always have a busy schedule in space. Look at this video clip. What 1.
were
you
doing
(do) at that time?
Dr Huang: Oh, I remember! It was around 9 o'clock. Everyone 2.
was working
(work). Yao 3.
was looking
(look) at some plants in the lab. Lin 4.
was repairing
(repair) equipment in another room.
Amber: It sounds very busy! 5.
Were
you
performing
(perform) a spacewalk, Dr Huang?
Dr Huang: Ah, yes! I was outside the station with Zhang. While I 6.
was holding
(hold) a safety rope, Zhang 7.
was taking
(take) photos of the Earth.

答案

1. were; doing 2. was working 3. was looking 4. was repairing 5. Were;
performing 6. was holding 7. was taking

解析

【分析】这道题考查过去进行时的用法,过去进行时用于描述过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作,结构为“was/were + 动词现在分词”。解题时需先找到句中的时间标志(如at that time)或语境提示,判断动作发生在过去的某个时刻,再结合主语的单复数确定be动词的形式,最后转换动词为现在分词形式。
【解析】
1. 句中“at that time”是过去具体时刻的标志,询问过去那个时刻正在做的动作,主语为you,过去进行时结构中be动词用were,do的现在分词是doing,故填were; doing。
2. 描述过去某个时刻“每个人都在工作”,主语everyone是不定代词,视为单数,过去进行时be动词用was,work的现在分词是working,故填was working。
3. 主语Yao是单数第三人称,描述过去那个时刻正在看植物的动作,过去进行时,be动词用was,look的现在分词是looking,故填was looking。
4. 主语Lin是单数第三人称,描述过去那个时刻正在修理设备的动作,过去进行时,be动词用was,repair的现在分词是repairing,故填was repairing。
5. 本句是过去进行时的一般疑问句,主语为you,be动词提前用Were,perform的现在分词是performing,故填Were; performing。
6. while引导时间状语从句,强调主从句动作同时进行,主语是I,过去进行时be动词用was,hold的现在分词是holding,故填was holding。
7. 主句描述过去那个时刻正在拍照的动作,主语Zhang是单数第三人称,过去进行时be动词用was,take的现在分词是taking,故填was taking。
【答案】1. were; doing 2. was working 3. was looking 4. was repairing 5. Were; performing 6. was holding 7. was taking
【知识点】过去进行时、不定代词的主谓一致、一般疑问句
【点评】本题围绕过去进行时的核心用法展开,结合语境和时间标志判断时态,需掌握过去进行时的结构及while引导从句的时态特点,是初中英语时态的基础考查题。
【难度系数】0.6
一、根据音标写出对应的单词
1. /sə'plaɪ/
supply
2. /'ævərɪdʒ/
average

3. /mɪ'steɪk/
mistake
4. /sɪ'lekt/
select

5. /'speɪsflaɪt/
spaceflight
6. /ə'fɔːd/
afford

7. /'mʌsl/
muscle
8. /'sætəlaɪt/
satellite

9. /dɪ'strɔɪ/
destroy
10. /'prɒbəbl/
probable

答案

1. supply 2. average 3. mistake 4. select 5. spaceflight 6. afford 7. muscle
8. satellite 9. destroy 10. probable

解析

【分析】
解题时需根据给出的音标,结合日常积累的单词音形对应关系,回忆每个音标对应的正确英文单词,注意单词拼写的细节(如特殊字母组合、发音与拼写的匹配),逐个匹配写出对应单词即可。
【解析】
1. /sə'plaɪ/ 对应单词为supply;
2. /'ævərɪdʒ/ 对应单词为average;
3. /mɪ'steɪk/ 对应单词为mistake;
4. /sɪ'lekt/ 对应单词为select;
5. /'speɪsflaɪt/ 对应单词为spaceflight;
6. /ə'fɔːd/ 对应单词为afford;
7. /'mʌsl/ 对应单词为muscle;
8. /'sætəlaɪt/ 对应单词为satellite;
9. /dɪ'strɔɪ/ 对应单词为destroy;
10. /'prɒbəbl/ 对应单词为probable。
【答案】
1. supply 2. average 3. mistake 4. select 5. spaceflight 6. afford 7. muscle 8. satellite 9. destroy 10. probable
【知识点】
音标与单词拼写、常用单词拼写
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型,考查常见单词的音形对应,难度较低,只要平时记单词时结合音标记忆,即可轻松完成。
【难度系数】
0.8