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C
Do you ever look up at the sky? Do you feel the sky is so wide and you are so small? Is space infinite(无穷尽的)? Scientists are still working to answer this question, and they have different answers to it.
Scientists study the observable(能看得到的) universe—the part of the universe humans can see from the earth. They know the size of the observable universe. It's about 93 billion light years(光年) in diameter. But they don't know its shape. Most of them think that it is round, because it looks round from the earth.
Scientists may not know whether (是否) the space is infinite or not, but they know that the universe is growing. And scientists find that it may be growing faster than they thought. This growth may be because of "dark energy". Scientists don't fully understand dark energy, ▲. In 2021, researchers found that the universe was growing at least 8% faster than it should be. What else is influencing(影响) this growth? And how wide is the space? Scientists are still working on it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A. By raising questions.
B. By giving examples.
C. By showing his opinions.
D. By telling the facts.
(
A. Its color.
B. Its size.
C. Its shape.
D. Its age.
(
A. The universe is infinite.
B. The universe is growing.
C. Dark energy is hard to find.
D. Scientists work really hard.
(
A. and they can do nothing about it
B. and they don't care about it
C. but they keep studying it
D. so they give up studying it
(
A. What's the Shape of Space?
B. What's in Space?
C. Do You Like Space?
D. Is Space Infinite?
D
Do you ever look up at the sky? Do you feel the sky is so wide and you are so small? Is space infinite(无穷尽的)? Scientists are still working to answer this question, and they have different answers to it.
Scientists study the observable(能看得到的) universe—the part of the universe humans can see from the earth. They know the size of the observable universe. It's about 93 billion light years(光年) in diameter. But they don't know its shape. Most of them think that it is round, because it looks round from the earth.
Scientists may not know whether (是否) the space is infinite or not, but they know that the universe is growing. And scientists find that it may be growing faster than they thought. This growth may be because of "dark energy". Scientists don't fully understand dark energy, ▲. In 2021, researchers found that the universe was growing at least 8% faster than it should be. What else is influencing(影响) this growth? And how wide is the space? Scientists are still working on it.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
A
)11. How does the writer start the passage?A. By raising questions.
B. By giving examples.
C. By showing his opinions.
D. By telling the facts.
(
B
)12. What can we learn about the observable universe from the second paragraph?A. Its color.
B. Its size.
C. Its shape.
D. Its age.
(
B
)13. What's the main idea of the third paragraph?A. The universe is infinite.
B. The universe is growing.
C. Dark energy is hard to find.
D. Scientists work really hard.
(
C
)14. Which sentence can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 3?A. and they can do nothing about it
B. and they don't care about it
C. but they keep studying it
D. so they give up studying it
(
D
)15. What's the best title for the passage?A. What's the Shape of Space?
B. What's in Space?
C. Do You Like Space?
D. Is Space Infinite?
D
答案
11. A 由文章开头的三个问句可知，作者以提问的方式展开全文。
12. B 通读第二段可知，该段提到了宇宙的大小（第二句），没有提到宇宙的颜色、形状和年龄。
13. B 由第三段第一句中“... the universe is growing.”可知，本段主要观点为“宇宙正在不断扩张”。
14. C 联系上下文可知，科学家们不完全了解“暗能量”，但一直在研究它。故 C 项符合文意。
15. D 通读全文可知，文章第一段提出“Is space infinite?” 这个问题，接下来就这个问题展开，介绍宇宙的大小、宇宙的不断增长。三个段落始终围绕开头的问题，故可判断“Is Space Infinite?” 最适合作为文章的标题。
12. B 通读第二段可知，该段提到了宇宙的大小（第二句），没有提到宇宙的颜色、形状和年龄。
13. B 由第三段第一句中“... the universe is growing.”可知，本段主要观点为“宇宙正在不断扩张”。
14. C 联系上下文可知，科学家们不完全了解“暗能量”，但一直在研究它。故 C 项符合文意。
15. D 通读全文可知，文章第一段提出“Is space infinite?” 这个问题，接下来就这个问题展开，介绍宇宙的大小、宇宙的不断增长。三个段落始终围绕开头的问题，故可判断“Is Space Infinite?” 最适合作为文章的标题。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含5道选择题，分别考查文章开头方式、细节信息查找、段落主旨、句子逻辑衔接、文章标题选择。解题思路：1. 通读全文，把握文章核心话题；2. 针对每道题的题干，定位原文对应段落或句子；3. 结合选项逐一比对，排除错误选项，确定正确答案。
【解析】
11. 文章开头以三个问句“Do you ever look up at the sky? Do you feel the sky is so wide and you are so small? Is space infinite(无穷尽的)?”展开，属于提问式开头，故选A。
12. 第二段明确提到可观测宇宙的大小为“about 93 billion light years in diameter”，未提及颜色、形状、年龄，故选B。
13. 第三段首句点明核心“the universe is growing”，整段围绕宇宙扩张展开，故选B。
14. 前半句说明科学家不完全理解暗能量，后半句需体现转折逻辑，C项“but they keep studying it”（但他们继续研究它）符合语境，故选C。
15. 全文围绕开头提出的核心问题“Is space infinite?”展开，介绍宇宙的大小、扩张等内容，故标题选D。
【答案】
11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为初中英语常规阅读理解题型，侧重考查学生对文章细节、主旨及逻辑关系的理解，难度适中，需学生具备快速定位原文信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含5道选择题，分别考查文章开头方式、细节信息查找、段落主旨、句子逻辑衔接、文章标题选择。解题思路：1. 通读全文，把握文章核心话题；2. 针对每道题的题干，定位原文对应段落或句子；3. 结合选项逐一比对，排除错误选项，确定正确答案。
【解析】
11. 文章开头以三个问句“Do you ever look up at the sky? Do you feel the sky is so wide and you are so small? Is space infinite(无穷尽的)?”展开，属于提问式开头，故选A。
12. 第二段明确提到可观测宇宙的大小为“about 93 billion light years in diameter”，未提及颜色、形状、年龄，故选B。
13. 第三段首句点明核心“the universe is growing”，整段围绕宇宙扩张展开，故选B。
14. 前半句说明科学家不完全理解暗能量，后半句需体现转折逻辑，C项“but they keep studying it”（但他们继续研究它）符合语境，故选C。
15. 全文围绕开头提出的核心问题“Is space infinite?”展开，介绍宇宙的大小、扩张等内容，故标题选D。
【答案】
11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为初中英语常规阅读理解题型，侧重考查学生对文章细节、主旨及逻辑关系的理解，难度适中，需学生具备快速定位原文信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
D
The solar system has many parts. The sun is at the center. Eight planets go around the sun. 16.
The earth is one of the eight planets. 17.
asteroids in the solar system. Asteroids go around the sun.
Comets (彗星) are balls of ice. 19.
Shooting stars are bits of rock or iron(铁) that fall to Earth. "Shooting star" is another name of meteor.
The sun, planets, asteroids, comets and shooting stars make up the wonderful solar system. 20.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A. Asteroids are big rocks.
B. They go around the sun, too.
C. It has one moon going around.
D. The solar system is a great BIG family!
E. Planets get heat and light from the sun.
The solar system has many parts. The sun is at the center. Eight planets go around the sun. 16.
E
The earth is one of the eight planets. 17.
C
Five planets have more than one moon. The moons go around the planets. 18. A
There are thousands ofasteroids in the solar system. Asteroids go around the sun.
Comets (彗星) are balls of ice. 19.
B
Comets have tails (尾巴) when they're near the sun.Shooting stars are bits of rock or iron(铁) that fall to Earth. "Shooting star" is another name of meteor.
The sun, planets, asteroids, comets and shooting stars make up the wonderful solar system. 20.
D
However, it is only a small part of the universe.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A. Asteroids are big rocks.
B. They go around the sun, too.
C. It has one moon going around.
D. The solar system is a great BIG family!
E. Planets get heat and light from the sun.
答案
16. E 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D
解析
【分析】
本题为说明文句子填空题，需结合上下文的内容逻辑、指代关系及语义衔接选择合适选项。先明确全文围绕太阳系组成展开，再逐个分析空缺处语境：16空需衔接“行星绕太阳”与行星和太阳的关联，17空需衔接“地球是八大行星之一”与卫星相关内容，18空需引出后文的小行星，19空需补充彗星的运动特征，20空需总结太阳系的整体属性，据此匹配对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第16空：前文提到“八大行星绕太阳”，需说明行星与太阳的关系，选项E“行星从太阳获得光和热”符合语境，故16选E。
2. 第17空：前文提到“地球是八大行星之一”，后文提到“五个行星有多个卫星”，需补充地球的卫星情况，选项C“它有一个卫星绕着”符合，故17选C。
3. 第18空：后文引出“小行星”，需先介绍小行星的基本属性，选项A“小行星是大岩石”符合，故18选A。
4. 第19空：前文介绍彗星是冰球，后文提到彗星靠近太阳有尾巴，需补充彗星的运动特征，选项B“它们也绕太阳转”符合，故19选B。
5. 第20空：前文总结太阳系组成，后文提到“它只是宇宙的一小部分”，需对太阳系做整体概括，选项D“太阳系是一个庞大的大家庭”符合，故20选D。
【答案】
16. E 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D
【知识点】
阅读理解（句子填空）、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题考查对说明文上下文逻辑的理解，要求学生结合前后文语义衔接选择合适句子，难度适中，需注意指代关系和内容连贯性。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为说明文句子填空题，需结合上下文的内容逻辑、指代关系及语义衔接选择合适选项。先明确全文围绕太阳系组成展开，再逐个分析空缺处语境：16空需衔接“行星绕太阳”与行星和太阳的关联，17空需衔接“地球是八大行星之一”与卫星相关内容，18空需引出后文的小行星，19空需补充彗星的运动特征，20空需总结太阳系的整体属性，据此匹配对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第16空：前文提到“八大行星绕太阳”，需说明行星与太阳的关系，选项E“行星从太阳获得光和热”符合语境，故16选E。
2. 第17空：前文提到“地球是八大行星之一”，后文提到“五个行星有多个卫星”，需补充地球的卫星情况，选项C“它有一个卫星绕着”符合，故17选C。
3. 第18空：后文引出“小行星”，需先介绍小行星的基本属性，选项A“小行星是大岩石”符合，故18选A。
4. 第19空：前文介绍彗星是冰球，后文提到彗星靠近太阳有尾巴，需补充彗星的运动特征，选项B“它们也绕太阳转”符合，故19选B。
5. 第20空：前文总结太阳系组成，后文提到“它只是宇宙的一小部分”，需对太阳系做整体概括，选项D“太阳系是一个庞大的大家庭”符合，故20选D。
【答案】
16. E 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D
【知识点】
阅读理解（句子填空）、说明文阅读
【点评】
本题考查对说明文上下文逻辑的理解，要求学生结合前后文语义衔接选择合适句子，难度适中，需注意指代关系和内容连贯性。
【难度系数】
0.6
