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Read and finish the tasks（Minmin 正在读最新一期《全球青少年科技画报》。本期特辑“Computer Evolution & Safety”。你也来读一读，完成任务）
Ⅰ. Historic Archives（走进历史馆，了解计算机的发展史吧）
Computers have changed a lot over time, making huge jumps in technology. ENIAC, the first computer was born in 1946, operated without a mouse or keyboard. Filled with about 18,000 vacuum tubes, it was as big as a room (167 m²) and as heavy as four adult elephants (30 tons). Its sole function? Solving complex maths equations.
The microchip revolution changed everything. Computers used to have very big tubes and then scientists put small microchips (smaller than a fingernail) in them. After that, computers became much smaller. A laptop or smartphone is as light as a book. It weighs less than 500 grams and fits easily in a bag or pocket.
Word bank
over time 随着时间的推移
technology 科技
operate 操纵；控制
vacuum tube 真空管
sole 唯一的；仅有的
maths equation 数学方程式
microchip 微芯片
revolution 革命
Modern devices can even be as tiny as a grain of salt (0.01−0.1m²) — yet they perform better than ENIAC by billions of times!
Nowadays, we can put as many books as those in big libraries into pocket-sized drives, search for information globally in seconds and cooperate through cloud networks ...
The change is really amazing, isn’t it?
Task 1: Read and judge（根据短文内容判断，用T表示相符，用F表示不相符，用NG表示文中未提供）
() 1. ENIAC could be operated by a mouse.
() 2. A modern laptop or smartphone weighs less than 500 grams.
() 3. Cloud networks are primarily（主要地）used for storing and sharing video files.
Task 2: Read and complete（根据短文内容完成表格）
| | ENIAC (1946) | Modern Computers |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Size (大小) | as big as a room (167 m²) | 1.
2. () |
| Weight (重量) | 3.
4. () | as light as a book (less than 500 grams) |
| Parts (元件) | vacuum tubes | 5. |
| Function(s) (功能) | solve complex math equations | put many books into pocket-sized drives
6.
7.
... |
Word bank
modern device 现代设备
billions of times 数十亿倍
nowadays 现今；现在
pocket-sized drive 袖珍型驱动器
globally 全球地；全世界地
cooperate 合作
cloud network 云端网络
Ⅰ. Historic Archives（走进历史馆，了解计算机的发展史吧）
Computers have changed a lot over time, making huge jumps in technology. ENIAC, the first computer was born in 1946, operated without a mouse or keyboard. Filled with about 18,000 vacuum tubes, it was as big as a room (167 m²) and as heavy as four adult elephants (30 tons). Its sole function? Solving complex maths equations.
The microchip revolution changed everything. Computers used to have very big tubes and then scientists put small microchips (smaller than a fingernail) in them. After that, computers became much smaller. A laptop or smartphone is as light as a book. It weighs less than 500 grams and fits easily in a bag or pocket.
Word bank
over time 随着时间的推移
technology 科技
operate 操纵；控制
vacuum tube 真空管
sole 唯一的；仅有的
maths equation 数学方程式
microchip 微芯片
revolution 革命
Modern devices can even be as tiny as a grain of salt (0.01−0.1m²) — yet they perform better than ENIAC by billions of times!
Nowadays, we can put as many books as those in big libraries into pocket-sized drives, search for information globally in seconds and cooperate through cloud networks ...
The change is really amazing, isn’t it?
Task 1: Read and judge（根据短文内容判断，用T表示相符，用F表示不相符，用NG表示文中未提供）
() 1. ENIAC could be operated by a mouse.
() 2. A modern laptop or smartphone weighs less than 500 grams.
() 3. Cloud networks are primarily（主要地）used for storing and sharing video files.
Task 2: Read and complete（根据短文内容完成表格）
| | ENIAC (1946) | Modern Computers |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Size (大小) | as big as a room (167 m²) | 1.
2. () |
| Weight (重量) | 3.
4. () | as light as a book (less than 500 grams) |
| Parts (元件) | vacuum tubes | 5. |
| Function(s) (功能) | solve complex math equations | put many books into pocket-sized drives
6.
7.
... |
Word bank
modern device 现代设备
billions of times 数十亿倍
nowadays 现今；现在
pocket-sized drive 袖珍型驱动器
globally 全球地；全世界地
cooperate 合作
cloud network 云端网络
答案
Task 1: 1. F 2. T 3. NG
Task 2: 1. as tiny as a grain of salt 2. 0.01–0.1 m² 3. as heavy as four adult elephants
4. 30 tons 5. microchips 6. search for information globally in seconds
7. cooperate through cloud networks
Task 2: 1. as tiny as a grain of salt 2. 0.01–0.1 m² 3. as heavy as four adult elephants
4. 30 tons 5. microchips 6. search for information globally in seconds
7. cooperate through cloud networks
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含判断正误（含NG）和表格填空两类任务。解题思路如下：1. 对于Task1的判断类题目，需先明确每个小题的核心信息，再回到原文定位对应语句，对比信息是否与题目描述一致，注意NG表示文中未提及相关内容；2. 对于Task2的表格填空题，需根据表格中“大小、重量、元件、功能”等类别，在原文中分别定位ENIAC（1946年计算机）和现代计算机的对应信息，准确提取关键词完成填空。
【解析】
Task1：1. 定位原文“ENIAC, the first computer was born in 1946, operated without a mouse or keyboard”，可知ENIAC操作不需要鼠标，题目描述“可通过鼠标操作”与原文不符，故填F；2. 定位原文“A laptop or smartphone is as light as a book. It weighs less than 500 grams”，可知现代笔记本电脑或智能手机重量不足500克，题目描述与原文一致，故填T；3. 原文仅提及“cooperate through cloud networks”，未说明云端网络的主要用途，题目描述的内容文中未提供，故填NG。
Task2：1. 现代计算机的大小，原文提到“Modern devices can even be as tiny as a grain of salt (0.01−0.1m²)”，对应表格大小列的现代计算机部分，填“as tiny as a grain of salt”；2. 补充现代设备的面积，原文括号内为0.01–0.1 m²；3. ENIAC的重量，原文提到“as heavy as four adult elephants”；4. 补充ENIAC的重量数值，原文为30 tons；5. 现代计算机的元件，原文提到“scientists put small microchips... in them”，故填microchips；6. 现代计算机的功能，原文提到“search for information globally in seconds”；7. 另一功能为“cooperate through cloud networks”。
【答案】
Task 1: 1. F 2. T 3. NG
Task 2: 1. as tiny as a grain of salt 2. 0.01–0.1 m² 3. as heavy as four adult elephants 4. 30 tons 5. microchips 6. search for information globally in seconds 7. cooperate through cloud networks
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找
【点评】
本题围绕计算机发展史的短文展开，考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，题型常规，注重基础信息提取，适合学生巩固英语阅读的细节查找技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含判断正误（含NG）和表格填空两类任务。解题思路如下：1. 对于Task1的判断类题目，需先明确每个小题的核心信息，再回到原文定位对应语句，对比信息是否与题目描述一致，注意NG表示文中未提及相关内容；2. 对于Task2的表格填空题，需根据表格中“大小、重量、元件、功能”等类别，在原文中分别定位ENIAC（1946年计算机）和现代计算机的对应信息，准确提取关键词完成填空。
【解析】
Task1：1. 定位原文“ENIAC, the first computer was born in 1946, operated without a mouse or keyboard”，可知ENIAC操作不需要鼠标，题目描述“可通过鼠标操作”与原文不符，故填F；2. 定位原文“A laptop or smartphone is as light as a book. It weighs less than 500 grams”，可知现代笔记本电脑或智能手机重量不足500克，题目描述与原文一致，故填T；3. 原文仅提及“cooperate through cloud networks”，未说明云端网络的主要用途，题目描述的内容文中未提供，故填NG。
Task2：1. 现代计算机的大小，原文提到“Modern devices can even be as tiny as a grain of salt (0.01−0.1m²)”，对应表格大小列的现代计算机部分，填“as tiny as a grain of salt”；2. 补充现代设备的面积，原文括号内为0.01–0.1 m²；3. ENIAC的重量，原文提到“as heavy as four adult elephants”；4. 补充ENIAC的重量数值，原文为30 tons；5. 现代计算机的元件，原文提到“scientists put small microchips... in them”，故填microchips；6. 现代计算机的功能，原文提到“search for information globally in seconds”；7. 另一功能为“cooperate through cloud networks”。
【答案】
Task 1: 1. F 2. T 3. NG
Task 2: 1. as tiny as a grain of salt 2. 0.01–0.1 m² 3. as heavy as four adult elephants 4. 30 tons 5. microchips 6. search for information globally in seconds 7. cooperate through cloud networks
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息查找
【点评】
本题围绕计算机发展史的短文展开，考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，题型常规，注重基础信息提取，适合学生巩固英语阅读的细节查找技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7
