C
阅读下面材料,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
When two people meet, there are a lot of ways of greeting. The ways of greeting are not always the same in different countries.
In America, two people usually greet each other with a handshake. It is a way to show respect(尊重)to the other person. Athletes from opposite teams shake hands before a game for the same reason. However, most Americans don’t shake hands when they meet people they have already known well. When American friends meet each other, they might only wave(挥手), or maybe just nod(点头)their heads.
In New Zealand, there is a special way of greeting called “Hongi”. In the greeting, two people press their noses and foreheads(前额)together and close their eyes. This is an old tradition that comes from the Maori, who were the first people to live in New Zealand. Even today, many New Zealanders still press their foreheads when they meet.
Kissing is sometimes used as a way to greet someone. In some countries, important people used to wear special rings. It was the custom for visitors to kiss these rings when they came for a meeting. In France, when people meet, they sometimes kiss each other on the face.
In Japan, people bow to each other every time they meet. Even family members bow to each other. People decide how low to bow depending on how respected the other person is.
Today, new ways of greeting are created all the time. People can do this with a quick “hi”, a handshake, or even a simple smile. The important thing is that the people they are greeting understand them.
()11. The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. different ways of greeting B. how to be a polite person
C. how to show respect to others D. ways of saying hello in different languages
()12. The underlined part “the same reason” refers to ______.
A. showing love B. showing respect
C. thanking each other D. introducing each other
()13. We can learn from the third paragraph that ______.
A. it’s impolite to press one’s nose in New Zealand
B. Hongi is a kind of traditional food in New Zealand
C. the Maori used to be an old village in New Zealand
D. Hongi is an old tradition in New Zealand
()14. How low does one Japanese bow to the other?
A. It depends on how respected the other person is.
B. It depends on how old the other person is.
C. It depends on how successful the other person is.
D. It depends on how tall the other person is.
()15. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. It’s OK to just nod heads when American friends meet.
B. Family members in Japan do not bow to each other.
C. In some countries rings were once used for kissing.
D. The ways of greeting are changing over time.

11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B

翻译:
### C
阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
当两个人见面时，有很多打招呼的方式。在不同的国家，打招呼的方式并不总是相同的。
在美国，两个人通常会握手问候彼此。这是一种向对方表示尊重的方式。来自对立队伍的运动员在比赛前也会因为同样的原因握手。然而，大多数美国人在遇到他们已经很熟悉的人时不会握手。当美国朋友见面时，他们可能只挥手，或者也许只是点点头。
在新西兰，有一种特殊的打招呼方式叫做“碰鼻礼（Hongi）”。在这种问候方式中，两个人会把鼻子和前额贴在一起并闭上眼睛。这是一种源自毛利人的古老传统，毛利人是最早居住在新西兰的人。即使在今天，许多新西兰人见面时仍然会碰前额。
亲吻有时也被用作一种问候方式。在一些国家，重要人物过去常常佩戴特殊的戒指。访客来会面时亲吻这些戒指是一种习俗。在法国，人们见面时有时会亲吻对方的脸。
在日本，人们每次见面都会互相鞠躬。即使是家庭成员也会互相鞠躬。人们根据对方受尊重的程度来决定鞠躬的深度。
如今，新的打招呼方式不断被创造出来。人们可以用一句快速的“嗨”、一次握手，甚至一个简单的微笑来打招呼。重要的是，被问候的人能理解这种问候方式。
（ ）11. 这篇文章主要谈论的是________。
A. 不同的打招呼方式
B. 如何成为一个有礼貌的人
C. 如何向他人表示尊重
D. 用不同语言打招呼的方式
（ ）12. 划线部分“the same reason”指的是________。
A. 表达爱
B. 表示尊重
C. 互相感谢
D. 互相介绍
（ ）13. 从第三段我们可以了解到________。
A. 在新西兰按鼻子是不礼貌的
B. 碰鼻礼是新西兰的一种传统食物
C. 毛利人曾经是新西兰的一个古老村庄
D. 碰鼻礼是新西兰的一种古老传统
（ ）14. 一个日本人向另一个人鞠躬的深度是多少？
A. 这取决于对方受尊重的程度。
B. 这取决于对方的年龄。
C. 这取决于对方的成功程度。
D. 这取决于对方的身高。
（ ）15. 根据文章，下列哪一项是不正确的？
A. 美国朋友见面时只点点头是可以的。
B. 日本的家庭成员不会互相鞠躬。
C. 在一些国家，戒指曾经被用来亲吻。
D. 打招呼的方式随着时间的推移而变化。