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四、阅读理解
Thomas Edison's story shows that true talent comes from endless curiosity. Born in Ohio, the USA, his formal education lasted only three months—his teacher couldn't stand his endless questioning. His mother Nancy became his teacher, offering lessons that included reading, writing, and hands-on experiments（实验）in their home laboratory. By age 10, he had read books like School of Natural Philosophy, and often did experiments as the texts taught.
At 12, Edison took a job selling newspapers on the train. During rides, he changed the baggage car（行李车厢）into a mobile laboratory, studying chemistry textbooks and doing experiments. When his experiments started a fire, the angry conductor（售票员）hit his ears and this caused（导致）his lifelong hearing problem. He didn't give up. Instead, he saw this as an advantage（优势）—learning Morse code（莫尔斯电码）quickly in a few weeks and getting a job as a night telegraph operator. Here, he made his first invention at 16: an automatic telegraph repeater（自动电报转发器）.
Edison's Menlo Park Laboratory became his real school. He filled shelves with over 10 000 scientific books, asking all workers to study each night. His famous “invention teams” held midnight discussions（讨论）and all the members talked about their ideas like students in a college. For the light bulb（灯泡）project（项目）, he created a special learning way: They kept detailed records of each failed filament（灯丝）, building a big materials database（数据库）.
When developing the storage battery（蓄电池）, Edison did more than 50 000 experiments over 10 years. His notebooks show countless records of each experiment. “Learning isn't remembering facts,” he told reporters. “It's training your mind to deal with problems.”
Edison's whole life is ▲. When asked about retirement（退休）, he'd say, “I'll stop learning when they nail my coffin（棺材）shut.” Today, his 3 500 notebooks are the strongest sign of his lifelong learning—every page filled with questions, sketches, and the words “Try again tomorrow”.
（
A. He paid no attention to this problem. B. He felt very angry about it.
C. He tried many ways to improve his hearing. D. He took it as a chance.
（
A. He trusted natural talent most. B. He saw failures as learning steps.
C. He depended on others' help. D. He only trusted textbooks.
（
A. To show he could remember well. B. To show he failed many times.
C. To show his way of dealing with problems. D. To tell his invention cost a lot.
（
A. a fight against life B. a search for his own value
C. a never-ending learning journey D. a series of lucky tasks
Thomas Edison's story shows that true talent comes from endless curiosity. Born in Ohio, the USA, his formal education lasted only three months—his teacher couldn't stand his endless questioning. His mother Nancy became his teacher, offering lessons that included reading, writing, and hands-on experiments（实验）in their home laboratory. By age 10, he had read books like School of Natural Philosophy, and often did experiments as the texts taught.
At 12, Edison took a job selling newspapers on the train. During rides, he changed the baggage car（行李车厢）into a mobile laboratory, studying chemistry textbooks and doing experiments. When his experiments started a fire, the angry conductor（售票员）hit his ears and this caused（导致）his lifelong hearing problem. He didn't give up. Instead, he saw this as an advantage（优势）—learning Morse code（莫尔斯电码）quickly in a few weeks and getting a job as a night telegraph operator. Here, he made his first invention at 16: an automatic telegraph repeater（自动电报转发器）.
Edison's Menlo Park Laboratory became his real school. He filled shelves with over 10 000 scientific books, asking all workers to study each night. His famous “invention teams” held midnight discussions（讨论）and all the members talked about their ideas like students in a college. For the light bulb（灯泡）project（项目）, he created a special learning way: They kept detailed records of each failed filament（灯丝）, building a big materials database（数据库）.
When developing the storage battery（蓄电池）, Edison did more than 50 000 experiments over 10 years. His notebooks show countless records of each experiment. “Learning isn't remembering facts,” he told reporters. “It's training your mind to deal with problems.”
Edison's whole life is ▲. When asked about retirement（退休）, he'd say, “I'll stop learning when they nail my coffin（棺材）shut.” Today, his 3 500 notebooks are the strongest sign of his lifelong learning—every page filled with questions, sketches, and the words “Try again tomorrow”.
（
D
）1. How did Edison deal with his hearing problem?A. He paid no attention to this problem. B. He felt very angry about it.
C. He tried many ways to improve his hearing. D. He took it as a chance.
（
B
）2. What does Edison's light bulb project show about his learning attitude（态度）?A. He trusted natural talent most. B. He saw failures as learning steps.
C. He depended on others' help. D. He only trusted textbooks.
（
C
）3. Why does the writer talk about Edison's notebook records?A. To show he could remember well. B. To show he failed many times.
C. To show his way of dealing with problems. D. To tell his invention cost a lot.
（
C
）4. Which can be put in “ ▲ ”?A. a fight against life B. a search for his own value
C. a never-ending learning journey D. a series of lucky tasks
答案
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文理解主旨（爱迪生的终身学习精神），再针对每个问题回到原文定位对应信息，结合细节和主旨分析选项：
1. 第1题：定位原文关于爱迪生听力问题的描述，判断他对该问题的态度；
2. 第2题：定位灯泡项目的相关内容，分析其体现的学习态度；
3. 第3题：定位笔记本记录的相关语句，理解作者提及的目的；
4. 第4题：结合全文主旨，选择符合爱迪生人生轨迹的短语填入空白处。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“...this caused his lifelong hearing problem. He didn't give up. Instead, he saw this as an advantage”，可知爱迪生将听力问题视为优势，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：根据原文第三段“For the light bulb project... They kept detailed records of each failed filament, building a big materials database”，说明爱迪生把失败当作学习的步骤，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：根据原文最后一段“His notebooks show countless records of each experiment. 'Learning isn't remembering facts,' he told reporters. 'It's training your mind to deal with problems.'”，可知笔记本记录体现他处理问题的方式，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：全文围绕爱迪生终身学习展开，最后一段提到他说“我要到棺材钉了才停止学习”，故空白处应体现“终身学习之旅”，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题以爱迪生的故事为载体，考查学生英语阅读的细节定位和主旨理解能力，贴近学生认知，难度适中，需结合原文信息分析选项。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文理解主旨（爱迪生的终身学习精神），再针对每个问题回到原文定位对应信息，结合细节和主旨分析选项：
1. 第1题：定位原文关于爱迪生听力问题的描述，判断他对该问题的态度；
2. 第2题：定位灯泡项目的相关内容，分析其体现的学习态度；
3. 第3题：定位笔记本记录的相关语句，理解作者提及的目的；
4. 第4题：结合全文主旨，选择符合爱迪生人生轨迹的短语填入空白处。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“...this caused his lifelong hearing problem. He didn't give up. Instead, he saw this as an advantage”，可知爱迪生将听力问题视为优势，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：根据原文第三段“For the light bulb project... They kept detailed records of each failed filament, building a big materials database”，说明爱迪生把失败当作学习的步骤，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：根据原文最后一段“His notebooks show countless records of each experiment. 'Learning isn't remembering facts,' he told reporters. 'It's training your mind to deal with problems.'”，可知笔记本记录体现他处理问题的方式，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：全文围绕爱迪生终身学习展开，最后一段提到他说“我要到棺材钉了才停止学习”，故空白处应体现“终身学习之旅”，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题以爱迪生的故事为载体，考查学生英语阅读的细节定位和主旨理解能力，贴近学生认知，难度适中，需结合原文信息分析选项。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、小练笔
What do you think is important to be a good learner? Who once set a good example for you in history and why? (At least five sentences)
What do you think is important to be a good learner? Who once set a good example for you in history and why? (At least five sentences)
To be a good learner, I think the most important is to have strong drive to learn. We should also have good study skills and make study plans. Franklin set a good example for me. He had a great love for science. He was always hard-working and never gave up easily in the face of problems.
答案
To be a good learner, I think the most important is to have strong drive to learn. We should also have good study skills and make study plans. Franklin set a good example for me. He had a great love for science. He was always hard-working and never gave up easily in the face of problems.
解析
【分析】
本题要求完成英语小练笔，需围绕两个核心问题展开：一是阐述成为好学习者的重要因素，二是列举历史上的榜样人物并说明原因，且至少写5句话。解题思路为：1. 先确定成为好学习者的关键要素，如学习动力、学习方法、学习计划等；2. 选取符合要求的历史榜样人物，如富兰克林，结合其品质（热爱科学、勤奋坚持等）说明榜样性；3. 组织语言，确保句子数量达标，逻辑连贯。
【解析】
首先明确成为好学习者的重要性：需有强烈的学习动力，同时掌握良好的学习技能、制定学习计划；接着选取历史人物富兰克林作为榜样，说明他热爱科学、勤奋且面对困难不放弃的品质，符合榜样要求，最后整理成通顺的英语句子，满足至少5句的要求。
【答案】
To be a good learner, I think the most important is to have strong drive to learn. We should also have good study skills and make study plans. Franklin set a good example for me. He had a great love for science. He was always hard-working and never gave up easily in the face of problems.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、话题写作
【点评】
本题为英语话题小练笔，考查学生围绕指定话题组织语言的能力，要求兼顾两个问题的回答，同时满足句子数量要求，是基础的书面表达练习，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题要求完成英语小练笔，需围绕两个核心问题展开：一是阐述成为好学习者的重要因素，二是列举历史上的榜样人物并说明原因，且至少写5句话。解题思路为：1. 先确定成为好学习者的关键要素，如学习动力、学习方法、学习计划等；2. 选取符合要求的历史榜样人物，如富兰克林，结合其品质（热爱科学、勤奋坚持等）说明榜样性；3. 组织语言，确保句子数量达标，逻辑连贯。
【解析】
首先明确成为好学习者的重要性：需有强烈的学习动力，同时掌握良好的学习技能、制定学习计划；接着选取历史人物富兰克林作为榜样，说明他热爱科学、勤奋且面对困难不放弃的品质，符合榜样要求，最后整理成通顺的英语句子，满足至少5句的要求。
【答案】
To be a good learner, I think the most important is to have strong drive to learn. We should also have good study skills and make study plans. Franklin set a good example for me. He had a great love for science. He was always hard-working and never gave up easily in the face of problems.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、话题写作
【点评】
本题为英语话题小练笔，考查学生围绕指定话题组织语言的能力，要求兼顾两个问题的回答，同时满足句子数量要求，是基础的书面表达练习，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
