一、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. I (play) Chinese chess when the typhoon landed.
2. When the house ______ (begin) to shake, we ______ (hide) under the table.
3. you (read) when your father came back?
4. They (not pack) supplies when the storm started.
5. While I (sleep), it (rain) cats and dogs.
6. What your family (do) when the earthquake hit?
7. My sister (cry) while we (wait) for the rescue.
8. We (drive) home when the strong winds (start).
9. The sun (shine) when they (step) outside.
10. While he (call) his friend, the power (go) out.

1. was playing 2. began; were hiding 3. Were; reading 4. were not packing 5. was sleeping; was raining 6. were; doing 7. was crying; were waiting 8. were driving; started 9. was shining; stepped 10. was calling; went

【分析】本题考查过去进行时与一般过去时在when、while引导的时间状语从句中的用法。解题思路：1. 明确when和while的核心用法：when可搭配短暂性或延续性动词，while通常搭配延续性动词；2. 判断动作类型：延续性动作（持续一段时间）用过去进行时（was/were + doing），短暂性动作（瞬间完成）用一般过去时（动词过去式）；3. 结合主语单复数确定be动词形式，完成填空。
【解析】
1. 从句“the typhoon landed”中land是短暂性动词，用一般过去时；主句play是延续性动作，发生在台风登陆时，主语I对应be动词was，故填was playing。
2. 从句begin是短暂性动词，用一般过去时began；主句hide是延续性动作，主语we对应be动词were，故填were hiding。
3. 从句“your father came back”中come back是短暂动作，主句read是延续性动作，主语you对应be动词were，一般疑问句将were提前，故填Were; reading。
4. 从句start是短暂性动词，主句pack是延续性动作，主语they对应be动词were，否定式为were not packing。
5. while引导延续性动作sleep，主语I对应be动词was，用过去进行时was sleeping；主句rain是延续性动作，主语it对应be动词was，故填was sleeping; was raining。
6. 从句“the earthquake hit”中hit是短暂动作，主句do是延续性动作，主语your family指家人（复数）对应be动词were，故填were; doing。
7. while引导延续性动作wait，主语we对应be动词were，用过去进行时were waiting；主句cry是延续性动作，主语my sister对应be动词was，故填was crying; were waiting。
8. 从句“the strong winds start”中start是短暂动作，主句drive是延续性动作，主语we对应be动词were，故填were driving; started。
9. 从句“they step outside”中step是短暂动作，主句shine是延续性动作，主语the sun对应be动词was，故填was shining; stepped。
10. while引导延续性动作call，主语he对应be动词was，用过去进行时was calling；主句go out是短暂动作，用一般过去时went，故填was calling; went。
【答案】
1. was playing 2. began; were hiding 3. Were; reading 4. were not packing 5. was sleeping; was raining 6. were; doing 7. was crying; were waiting 8. were driving; started 9. was shining; stepped 10. was calling; went
【知识点】
过去进行时、一般过去时、时间状语从句
【点评】
本题为初中英语时态核心基础题，聚焦过去进行时与一般过去时在when、while引导的时间状语从句中的搭配规则，需准确区分延续性与短暂性动词，掌握主谓一致，是时态应用的典型练习题型。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，将短文内容补充完整。
It was 7 o'clock yesterday evening. I 1. ______ ( do ) my homework in my room at that time. My little sister 2. ______ ( play ) with her favourite toy. My mother 3. ______ ( cook ) dinner in the kitchen. The air 4. ______ ( be ) filled with the smell of delicious food.
At 7:15, while we 5. ______ ( enjoy ) our quiet time, the weather suddenly 6. ______ ( change ). Dark clouds covered the sky. At that moment, my mother 7. ______ ( add ) some salt to the soup. A loud sound of thunder came from outside. We were all shocked. All of a sudden, the rain poured down. My sister ran to my mother quickly while the heavy rain 8. ______ ( beat ) against the windows. We all stopped what we 9. ______ ( do ) and began to watch the rainstorm. Luckily, half an hour later, the rain 10. ______ ( stop ).

1. was doing 2. was playing 3. was cooking 4. was 5. were enjoying 6. changed 7. was adding 8. was beating 9. were doing 10. stopped

【分析】
本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致，需根据时间状语及语境判断动词形式：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻/时间段正在进行的动作，结构为was/were + 动词现在分词；一般过去时表示过去发生的动作，动词用过去式；同时注意主谓一致（单数主语用was，复数主语用were）。解题时先定位每个空的时间背景，再结合主语单复数选择正确形式。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语“at that time（昨天晚上7点）”可知，此处用过去进行时，主语为I，故填was doing。
2. 描述过去某时刻妹妹正在做的动作，用过去进行时，主语my little sister为单数，故填was playing。
3. 描述过去某时刻妈妈正在厨房做饭的动作，用过去进行时，主语my mother为单数，故填was cooking。
4. 描述过去的状态，主语the air为不可数名词，be动词用过去式was，故填was。
5. while引导的从句，主句用一般过去时，从句表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作，主语we为复数，故填were enjoying。
6. 描述过去天气突然变化的动作，用一般过去时，故填changed。
7. 描述过去某时刻妈妈正在做的动作，用过去进行时，主语my mother为单数，故填was adding。
8. 描述过去大雨敲窗户的持续动作，用过去进行时，主语the heavy rain为单数，故填was beating。
9. 表示“停止正在做的事”，即过去那个时刻正在进行的动作，主语we为复数，故填were doing。
10. 描述过去雨停的动作，用一般过去时，故填stopped。
【答案】
1. was doing 2. was playing 3. was cooking 4. was 5. were enjoying 6. changed 7. was adding 8. was beating 9. were doing 10. stopped
【知识点】
过去进行时、一般过去时、主谓一致
【点评】
本题为英语基础时态考查题，核心区分过去进行时与一般过去时的用法，需结合时间状语和语境判断动词形式，同时注意主谓一致规则，是初中英语时态部分的典型练习题，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

一、根据汉语意思翻译下列句子，每空一词。
1. 我表姐让我在她下个月来上海前告诉她关于中国的习俗。
My cousin asked me to tell her before she visits Shanghai next month.
2. 成功的秘诀是努力工作，永不放弃。
The secret of is working hard and never .
3. 在中国，除夕夜家家户户吃团圆饭是很常见的。
see families having reunion dinners on New Years' Eve in China.
4. 为了保持健康，我爸爸每天早晨慢跑一个小时。
healthy, my dad for one hour every morning.
5. 不要隔着桌子伸手够食物。你应该请别人递给你。
Don't food across the table. You should ask someone to it you.

1. about Chinese customs 2. success; giving up 3. It is common to 4. To keep / stay; jogs 5. reach for; pass; to

【分析】
1. 第1题：根据汉语“关于中国的习俗”，结合固定搭配“tell sb about sth”（告诉某人关于某事），可确定对应英文表达；
2. 第2题：“成功的秘诀”中“成功”需用名词形式，“放弃”与前面的working并列，需用动名词形式；
3. 第3题：考查英语固定句式“It is + adj + to do sth”（做某事是……的），对应汉语“是很常见的”；
4. 第4题：“为了保持健康”表目的，用不定式结构；主语为第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式；
5. 第5题：“伸手够”和“递给某人”均为英语常用动词短语，结合语境匹配对应表达。
【解析】
1. 第1题：“关于中国的习俗”译为“about Chinese customs”，符合“tell sb about sth”结构，故填about Chinese customs；
2. 第2题：“成功”用名词success，“放弃”与working并列，用动名词giving up，故填success; giving up；
3. 第3题：固定句式“It is common to do sth”表示“做某事很常见”，对应汉语意思，故填It is common to；
4. 第4题：表目的用不定式To keep/stay；主语my dad为第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用jogs，故填To keep / stay; jogs；
5. 第5题：“伸手够”对应短语reach for，“递给某人”对应pass sth to sb，故填reach for; pass; to。
【答案】
1. about Chinese customs
2. success; giving up
3. It is common to
4. To keep / stay; jogs
5. reach for; pass; to
【知识点】
英语固定搭配、英语常用句式、动词短语
【点评】
本题为基础英语翻译题，主要考查核心固定搭配、常用句式及动词形式变化，需学生掌握日常积累的基础词汇与短语，难度适中，多数学生可通过基础积累完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7