2026年三维数字课堂八年级英语下册人教版第51页答案
2. 辨析include,including与included
include
作及物动词,意为“包括;包含”,在句中作谓语。
including
作介词,意为“包括……在内”,置于名词或代词前。
included
作形容词,意为“包括在内的”,置于名词或代词后。
eg: Her hobbies include music and painting.
她的爱好包括音乐和绘画。
Ten friends went to her birthday party, including me/me included.
十个朋友参加了她的生日派对,包括我。

答案

答案略

解析

【分析】
辨析这三个词的核心是区分它们的词性和在句中的位置:首先判断所需词性,若句子缺谓语则用动词include;若接在名词/代词前表“包括”则用介词including;若接在名词/代词后表“包括在内”则用形容词included,结合词性和位置即可准确使用。
【解析】
1. include:作及物动词,在句中充当谓语,后直接接宾语,如例句“Her hobbies include music and painting”中,include作谓语连接主语hobbies和宾语music and painting;
2. including:作介词,置于名词/代词前,构成介词短语表“包括……在内”,如“including me”;
3. included:作形容词,置于名词/代词后,表“包括在内的”,如“me included”,与“including me”含义一致。
【答案】略
【知识点】英语词汇辨析,词性与用法
【点评】本题为基础词汇辨析题,聚焦同根词的词性差异及用法区别,是英语学习的基础考点,通过明确词性和位置即可准确区分,适合巩固基础词汇用法。
【难度系数】0.7
一、根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。
1. As t
travellers
, we should remember that when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
2. The little boy looked at the robot with a c
curious
expression.
3. He tried his best to keep the flower a
alive
, but it died in the end.
4. The children are playing with s
sand
and building castles(城堡) on the beach.
5. I have a small house. It i
includes
a bedroom, a kitchen and a bathroom.

答案

1. travellers 2. curious 3. alive
4. sand 5. includes

解析

【分析】本题为根据句意及首字母提示填写单词的题型,解题思路是:先通读每个句子理解语境,再结合给出的首字母,匹配符合语境、语法规则的单词,同时注意单词的形式变化(如名词复数、动词第三人称单数等)。
【解析】1. 句意:作为旅行者,我们应记住入乡随俗。首字母为t,结合语境,此处需表示“旅行者”,泛指用复数形式,故填travellers;2. 句意:小男孩带着好奇的表情看着机器人。首字母为c,修饰名词expression需用形容词,curious(好奇的)符合;3. 句意:他尽力让花活着,但最终花死了。固定搭配keep sth alive表示“让某物活着”,首字母a,故填alive;4. 句意:孩子们在沙滩上玩沙子建城堡。首字母s,沙滩上的沙子为不可数名词,故填sand;5. 句意:我有个小房子,它包含一间卧室、厨房和浴室。主语it是第三人称单数,首字母i,动词需用第三人称单数形式,故填includes。
【答案】1. travellers 2. curious 3. alive 4. sand 5. includes
【知识点】单词拼写、首字母填空、动词第三人称单数
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用及语境理解,解题时需结合句意、首字母和语法规则确定单词,是英语学习中的基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. I hope more foreign tourists will go on trips to discover China's cultural treasures and
natural
(nature) wonders.
7. It is
risky
(risk) to tell your personal information to others online.
8. Harbin, a city in
northeastern
(northeast) China, is famous for its Ice and Snow World.
9. The
southern
(south) cities of China have warm weather even in January.
10. Sichuan Province is
located
(location) in southwestern part of China.

答案

6. natural 7. risky 8. northeastern
9. southern 10. located

解析

【分析】
本题为用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,解题思路是根据句子结构判断空格处所需词性:若空格后是名词,需用形容词修饰;若涉及固定句型或短语,需结合搭配转换形式。各题核心是将括号内的名词转换为对应形容词,或使用固定搭配的正确形式。
【解析】
6. 空格后是名词wonders,需用形容词修饰,名词nature的形容词形式为natural,故填natural。
7. 句型为“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”,表示“做某事是……的”,名词risk的形容词形式为risky,故填risky。
8. 空格后是名词China,需用形容词修饰,名词northeast的形容词形式为northeastern,故填northeastern。
9. 空格后是名词cities,需用形容词修饰,名词south的形容词形式为southern,故填southern。
10. 固定搭配“be located in”表示“位于……”,此处需用动词locate的过去分词形式,故填located。
【答案】
6. natural 7. risky 8. northeastern 9. southern 10. located
【知识点】
词性转换(形容词)、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查形容词用法及固定短语的掌握,属于基础题型,主要检验学生对常见名词变形容词规则的运用能力,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、根据句意用适当的词填空。
11. —How
far
is it from here to your home?
—It's about three miles.
12. —How
high
is the mountain?
—It's about 2,000 metres high.
13. —How
heavy
is the elephant?
—About 5,000 kilos.
14. —How
large
is your house?
—It's about 80 square metres in size.
15. —How
long
is this red rope in your hand?
—It's about two metres long.
16. —How
often
do you exercise?
—Three times a week.
17. —How
deep
is this lake?
—It's 50 metres deep.
18. —How
much
is the dress?
—It's 80 yuan.
19. —How
fast
can this car run?
—It can run 200 kilometres per hour.
20. —How
soon
will you come back?
—In three days.

答案

11. far 12. high 13. heavy 14. large
15. long 16. often 17. deep 18. much
19. fast 20. soon

解析

【分析】
这道题考查how引导的不同特殊疑问词组的用法,解题思路是根据每个小题的答语内容(涉及距离、高度、重量、面积、长度、频率、深度、价格、速度、将来时间等不同维度),匹配对应的how+形容词/副词的固定搭配,从而确定空格处的单词。
【解析】
11. 答语是距离(three miles),对应疑问词组how far,故填far;
12. 答语是高度(2000 metres high),对应疑问词组how high,故填high;
13. 答语是重量(5000 kilos),对应疑问词组how heavy,故填heavy;
14. 答语是面积(80 square metres),对应疑问词组how large,故填large;
15. 答语是长度(two metres long),对应疑问词组how long,故填long;
16. 答语是频率(three times a week),对应疑问词组how often,故填often;
17. 答语是深度(50 metres deep),对应疑问词组how deep,故填deep;
18. 答语是价格(80 yuan),对应疑问词组how much,故填much;
19. 答语是速度(200 kilometres per hour),对应疑问词组how fast,故填fast;
20. 答语是将来的时间(In three days),对应疑问词组how soon,故填soon。
【答案】
11. far 12. high 13. heavy 14. large 15. long 16. often 17. deep 18. much 19. fast 20. soon
【知识点】
特殊疑问词组、特殊疑问句
【点评】
本题聚焦how引导的核心疑问词组的用法,需结合答语的具体信息匹配对应疑问词,属于英语基础语法题,考查学生对常见疑问搭配的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.3