一、完形填空
体裁: 说明文
主题: 传统工艺
难度: ★★★★
建议用时: 8 min
正确率: /15
新素养·文化意识 During the Ming Dynasty, there was a skilled man named Wang Shuyuan. He was good at turning a small piece of 1 into different things, like buildings, animals, trees, and even people.
One of his greatest works was a small boat 2 just from a peach pit(桃核). This small boat had a lovely shape like a 3 one. The middle part of the boat was the cabin(船舱), which had eight small windows, four on each side. People could 4 beautiful patterns on the sides when the windows were open.
5 people sat at the front of the boat. The man 6 was Su Dongpo. On his right was his friend, Foyin, and on his left was Luzhi. Su Dongpo and Luzhi were 7 a long scroll(卷轴). Su Dongpo held one end of the scroll while 8 his other hand on Luzhi's back. Luzhi pointed at the scroll with his right hand as if he were 9 something interesting. Foyin looked happy and 10, lying down on one knee and supporting himself with one arm.
At the back of the boat, there were two boatmen. The one on the right looked up at the sky. His left arm leaned against the side of the boat, 11 his right hand held his right foot. The boatman on the left sat by a small stove(炉子). He held a round fan and watched the teapot 12, as if he were making tea.
The boat had many other 13. On the back of it, Wang Shuyuan even wrote his name, showing his 14 in his work. It is hard to believe that he could 15 so many things on such a small peach pit. Wang Shuyuan's skill is truly amazing!
1. A. art B. fruit C. cloth D. wood
2. A. carved B. chosen C. removed D. returned
3. A. new B. real C. free D. right
4. A. see B. use C. produce D. complete
5. A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five
6. A. at the end B. at the back C. in the middle D. in the front
7. A. looking at B. paying for C. laughing at D. waiting for
8. A. twisting B. printing C. tying D. resting
9. A. covering B. hearing C. sharing D. writing
10. A. helpful B. truthful C. successful D. peaceful
11. A. though B. since C. until D. while
12. A. clearly B. correctly C. carefully D. comfortably
13. A. secrets B. details C. messages D. characters
14. A. pride B. beauty C. result D. method
15. A. collect B. create C. count D. check

1. D 根据下文“One of his greatest works was a small boat 2 just from a peach pit.”可知王叔远用桃核雕刻核舟，由此可知他擅长把一小块木头变成不同的东西。故选 D。
2. A 根据空后“just from a peach pit”可知王叔远最伟大的作品之一是用桃核雕刻的核舟。故选 A。 ＞＞上下文语境
3. B 根据上文“One of his greatest works was a small boat 2 just from a peach pit.”并结合文章内容可知，核舟是王叔远最伟大的作品之一，形状就像真的船。故选 B。 ＞＞上下文语境
4. A 根据空后“beautiful patterns on the sides when the windows were open”可知人们打开窗户可以看到侧面漂亮的图案。故选 A。
5. B 根据下文提到的“Su Dongpo”、“Foyin”和“Luzhi”可知一共三个人坐在船的前部。故选 B。 ＞＞上下文语境
6. C 根据下文“On his right was his friend, Foyin, and on his left was Luzhi.”可知苏东坡在佛印和鲁直的中间。故选 C。 ＞＞上下文语境
7. A looking at 看；paying for 支付；laughing at 嘲笑；waiting for 等待。根据下文“Su Dongpo held one end of the scroll ... Luzhi pointed at the scroll with his right hand as if he were 9 something interesting.”可知苏东坡一手拿着卷轴的一端，另一只手搭在鲁直的背上，鲁直用右手指着卷轴，好像在分享有趣的事情，由此可知他们在看卷轴。故选 A。 ＞＞上下文语境
8. D 根据空前“Su Dongpo held one end of the scroll while”可知苏东坡一手拿着卷轴的一端，另一只手搭在鲁直的背上。故选 D。
9. C 根据上文“Su Dongpo and Luzhi were 7 a long scroll.”和空前“Luzhi pointed at the scroll with his right hand”可知苏东坡和鲁直一起看卷轴，鲁直用右手指着卷轴，好像在向苏东坡分享有趣的事情。故选 C。 ＞＞上下文语境
10. D 根据空后“lying down on one knee and supporting himself with one arm”可知佛印单膝跪地，用一只胳膊支撑自己，看起来开心又平静。故选 D。
11. D 空前“His left arm leaned against the side of the boat”和空后“his right hand held his right foot”描述两只手的不同动作，前后是对比关系。故选 D。
12. C 根据空后“as if he were making tea”可知船夫好像在泡茶，仔细地看茶壶。故选 C。 ＞＞上下文语境
13. B 根据下文“On the back of it, Wang Shuyuan even wrote his name, showing his 14 in his work.”可知王叔远在核舟的背面写下了自己的名字，此处描述了核舟的细节。故选 B。 ＞＞上下文语境
14. A 根据空前“Wang Shuyuan even wrote his name”可知王叔远在核舟的背面写下了自己的名字，表达对作品的自豪。故选 A。 ＞＞上下文语境
15. B 根据上文“One of his greatest works was a small boat 2 just from a peach pit.”并结合文章内容可知，核舟是王叔远最伟大的作品之一，是他在桃核上创造的。故选 B。 ＞＞上下文语境

【分析】
本文是一篇介绍明代核雕艺人王叔远的说明文，主题为传统工艺。解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析及逻辑关系逐一确定答案：每道题都要依据前后文的提示信息，如第1题由下文“桃核”对应wood，第2题“桃核雕刻”对应carved，以此类推，确保答案符合语篇逻辑和语境。
【解析】
1. 由下文“One of his greatest works was a small boat just from a peach pit”可知王叔远用桃核雕刻核舟，故他擅长把一小块木头变成不同物品，选D。
2. 根据空后“just from a peach pit”可知核舟是用桃核雕刻而成，选A。
3. 结合上文核舟是王叔远的伟大作品，可知其形状像真的船，选B。
4. 当窗户打开时，人们能看到侧面漂亮的图案，选A。
5. 下文提到苏东波、佛印、鲁直共三人坐在船前部，选B。
6. 由“On his right was his friend, Foyin, and on his left was Luzhi”可知苏东坡在两人中间，选C。
7. 根据下文苏东波和鲁直拿着卷轴的动作，可知他们在看卷轴，选A。
8. 此处指苏东波一手拿卷轴，另一只手搭在鲁直背上，选D。
9. 鲁直用右手指着卷轴，好像在和苏东波分享有趣的内容，选C。
10. 佛印单膝跪地、用胳膊支撑自己，看起来开心又平静，选D。
11. 前后描述两个船工的不同动作，是对比关系，用while，选D。
12. 船工在泡茶，仔细地看着茶壶，选C。
13. 下文提到王叔远在核舟背面写名字，这是核舟的细节，选B。
14. 王叔远在作品上写名字，表达对作品的自豪，选A。
15. 核舟是王叔远在小桃核上创造的作品，选B。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.B
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、上下文语境理解
【点评】
本文结合中国传统核雕工艺（关联《核舟记》文化背景），考察学生语篇理解、词汇运用及逻辑推理能力，有助于增强学生的文化意识，题材贴近传统文化，兼具知识性与趣味性。
【难度系数】
0.4