四、阅读理解
Do you know World Wetlands Day? It falls on February 2nd every year and we welcomed the 29th World Wetlands Day this year, with the theme（主题）Protecting Wetlands for Our Common Future.
Wetlands are areas covered with water most of the time. They are really important for a large number of reasons that you might not know before.
Wetlands, along with oceans and forests, are known as the three main ecosystems of the earth. There are different types of wetlands. We have got things like rivers, ponds and lakes. And wetlands support many types of wildlife. As a matter of fact, 40% of the world's plants and animals depend on wetlands.
Wetlands act like sponges, taking in water and also carbon dioxide from the air. The plants in wetlands take in climate-changing gases（气体）as they grow. Then when the plants die, they sink（沉入）into mud, catching carbon dioxide instead of letting it all return to the air. This can help to reduce the greenhouse effect.
Wetlands also play an important role in the water cycle. They can store lots of water during heavy rainfall, reducing floods in downstream areas. Then the water will flow back into rivers and streams slowly.
Unluckily, we have actually lost nearly 90% of the wetlands in the last 100 years, three times faster than forests. Do you know why? It's things like pollution, climate change and human activities. Wetlands are important to everything, and we need to take action to protect them.
（）1. How does the writer lead in the topic?
A. By listing a fact.
B. By asking a question.
C. By telling a story.
D. By giving an example.
（）2. Which picture shows the function（功能）of wetlands mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A.
（）3. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Mud.
B. Air.
C. Water.
D. Carbon dioxide.
（）4. What's the best title for the text?
A. A Climate Hero
B. A Polluted Planet
C. The Natural World
D. The Guard（卫士）of the Earth
（）5. What might the writer go on talking about?
A. The types of wetlands.
B. The role of wetlands.
C. The protection of wetlands.
D. The importance of wetlands.

1.B 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.C

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合文章内容逐一分析各题目：
1. 第1题考查作者引入话题的方式，需判断文章开头的表述形式；
2. 第2题考查段落功能与图片匹配，需明确第三段湿地的核心功能，对应匹配图片；
3. 第3题考查代词指代，需联系上下文确定it的指代对象；
4. 第4题考查文章主旨，需总结全文核心内容；
5. 第5题考查推断下文内容，需结合最后一段的表述逻辑推断。
【解析】
1. 第1题：文章以问句“Do you know World Wetlands Day?”引入话题，属于通过提问的方式，故选B。
2. 第2题：第三段提到“wetlands support many types of wildlife”，即湿地支持多种野生动植物，对应图片A（展示湿地中的动植物）；图片B为水循环、C为光合作用、D为海岛，均不符合，故选A。
3. 第3题：第四段中“catching carbon dioxide instead of letting it all return to the air”里的it，指代前文的“carbon dioxide”，故选D。
4. 第4题：全文围绕湿地的重要性展开，湿地是地球的重要生态系统，如同地球的卫士，选项D“The Guard（卫士）of the Earth”契合主旨，故选D。
5. 第5题：最后一段提到“we need to take action to protect them”，推断下文会讨论湿地的保护，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕湿地主题，考察学生对文章细节、代词指代、主旨大意及逻辑推断能力，题目难度适中，需结合原文内容逐一分析作答。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、小练笔
What do you know about forests from the reading? How do you think we can help protect them? (At least five sentences)

Forests play an important role in the ecosystem. They provide homes for millions of animals and plants. They also produce oxygen for us and help clean the air. The government can make stronger laws to protect the forests. We should stop cutting down the trees and hunting for the wild animals in them. Everyone can help the forests by taking small steps.

【分析】本题要求围绕“从阅读中了解森林”和“如何保护森林”完成英语小练笔，至少五句。解题思路：先明确森林的生态重要性（为动植物提供栖息地、产氧净化空气），再提出具体保护措施（政府立法、禁止乱砍滥伐与猎杀、个人小行动），确保句子数量达标，逻辑清晰，内容贴合主题。
【解析】根据题目要求，需完成至少五句的英语写作，内容分为两部分：一是阐述森林的重要作用，二是说明保护森林的方法。按照逻辑顺序组织语言，先介绍森林在生态系统中的价值，再列举不同主体的保护措施，保证语句通顺、符合语法规范。
【答案】Forests play an important role in the ecosystem. They provide homes for millions of animals and plants. They also produce oxygen for us and help clean the air. The government can make stronger laws to protect the forests. We should stop cutting down the trees and hunting for the wild animals in them. Everyone can help the forests by taking small steps.
【知识点】英语写作、森林保护话题表达
【点评】本题考查学生对森林相关话题的英语书面表达能力，主题贴近生活，内容明确，学生只需掌握基础的英语句式和相关词汇即可完成，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5