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阅读拔尖练 见答案册第30页
外刊阅读——学会地道英语 大洋洲岛国——瑙鲁
Nauru (瑙鲁) is not only the smallest country in Oceania (大洋洲) but also the third smallest country in the world, after Vatican City and Monaco. Nauru is about 21 square kilometers in land area.
Nauru sits about 42 km south of the equator (赤道). In fact, the country does not have a capital, although there are some government buildings in Yaren.
About 13,000 people live on Nauru Island. The tiny country has the third smallest number of people in the world, after Vatican City and Tuvalu. About three out of four islanders live in the southern part of Nauru. The official language of Nauru is English. Nauruan is also widely spoken here.
About one third of all Nauruans between the ages of 15 and 24 don’t have jobs. Many young people have left the island, as it’s difficult for them to find work and receive higher education.
Nauru was once rich in phosphate rock (磷矿).The natural mineral phosphate is found right under the rock surface (表面). However, the mineral was exploited (开采) already in the 1990s so there is hardly any phosphate left. The soil is now very poor and 90% of the land area cannot be used for farming.
Nauru was occupied by many countries for many years. First the Germans, then the UK, Australia and New Zealand ruled the island and during the Second World War, the Japanese took the island. Later, Nauru was set under trusteeship (托管) with the United Nations. Only in 1968 did the country become independent.
一、好词句深练
（一）根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The classroom is like our
2. The
3.
（二）用方框中词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分（有一个词多余）
hardly any no job
1. It is difficult for young people to find work around here.
2. There are almost no clouds in the sky today.
（三）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.
2.
（四）仿写句子
1. Nauru (瑙鲁) is not only the smallest country in Oceania (大洋洲) but also the third smallest country in the world, after Vatican City and Monaco. (not only...but also...)
仿写: 袁隆平不仅在中国，而且在全世界都是一位伟大的水稻科学家。
2. The tiny country has the third smallest number of people in the world, after Vatican City and Tuvalu. (序数词 + 最高级)
仿写: 黄河是我们的母亲河，也是中国第二大河。
二、阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案
（
A. Nauru. B. Vatican City. C. Monaco. D. Japan.
（
A. Because they want to go out into the world.
B. Because they don’t want to fish for a living.
C. Because the soil is poor, and most of the land area isn’t fit for agriculture.
D. Because there are few chances to find jobs and receive higher education there.
（
A. Nauru has a long history of foreign rule.
B. Nauru has a long history and rich culture.
C. Nauru was once occupied by the Japanese.
D. Nauru was once placed under the UN trusteeship.
外刊阅读——学会地道英语 大洋洲岛国——瑙鲁
Nauru (瑙鲁) is not only the smallest country in Oceania (大洋洲) but also the third smallest country in the world, after Vatican City and Monaco. Nauru is about 21 square kilometers in land area.
Nauru sits about 42 km south of the equator (赤道). In fact, the country does not have a capital, although there are some government buildings in Yaren.
About 13,000 people live on Nauru Island. The tiny country has the third smallest number of people in the world, after Vatican City and Tuvalu. About three out of four islanders live in the southern part of Nauru. The official language of Nauru is English. Nauruan is also widely spoken here.
About one third of all Nauruans between the ages of 15 and 24 don’t have jobs. Many young people have left the island, as it’s difficult for them to find work and receive higher education.
Nauru was once rich in phosphate rock (磷矿).The natural mineral phosphate is found right under the rock surface (表面). However, the mineral was exploited (开采) already in the 1990s so there is hardly any phosphate left. The soil is now very poor and 90% of the land area cannot be used for farming.
Nauru was occupied by many countries for many years. First the Germans, then the UK, Australia and New Zealand ruled the island and during the Second World War, the Japanese took the island. Later, Nauru was set under trusteeship (托管) with the United Nations. Only in 1968 did the country become independent.
一、好词句深练
（一）根据语境用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The classroom is like our
second
(two) home, so we must make it nice and tidy.2. The
islanders
(island) are trying to protect the lives of plants and animals on the island.3.
Farming
(farm) is an important way of life in my hometown.（二）用方框中词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分（有一个词多余）
hardly any no job
1. It is difficult for young people to find work around here.
jobs
2. There are almost no clouds in the sky today.
hardly any
（三）根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1.
Three out of four
(四分之三) people have their own cars and houses.2.
In fact
(事实上), everyone has his or her own study habit.（四）仿写句子
1. Nauru (瑙鲁) is not only the smallest country in Oceania (大洋洲) but also the third smallest country in the world, after Vatican City and Monaco. (not only...but also...)
仿写: 袁隆平不仅在中国，而且在全世界都是一位伟大的水稻科学家。
Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world.
2. The tiny country has the third smallest number of people in the world, after Vatican City and Tuvalu. (序数词 + 最高级)
仿写: 黄河是我们的母亲河，也是中国第二大河。
Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China.
二、阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案
（
C
）1. Which country is the second smallest in the world?A. Nauru. B. Vatican City. C. Monaco. D. Japan.
（
D
）2. Why have lots of young people left Nauru?A. Because they want to go out into the world.
B. Because they don’t want to fish for a living.
C. Because the soil is poor, and most of the land area isn’t fit for agriculture.
D. Because there are few chances to find jobs and receive higher education there.
（
A
）3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Nauru has a long history of foreign rule.
B. Nauru has a long history and rich culture.
C. Nauru was once occupied by the Japanese.
D. Nauru was once placed under the UN trusteeship.
答案
一、（一）1. second 2. islanders 3. Farming
（二）1. jobs 2. hardly any
（三）1. Three out of four 2. In fact
（四）1. Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world.
2. Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China.
二、答案速查 1.C 2.D 3.A
【主旨大意】本文从多个方面介绍了瑙鲁的情况，包括面积、位置、人口、资源和历史等。
1. C 【点拨】细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知，摩纳哥是世界上第二小的国家。
2. D 【点拨】细节理解题。由第四段最后一句可知，许多年轻人离开瑙鲁是因为在瑙鲁找工作和接受高等教育的机会很少。
3. A 【点拨】段落大意题。本段第一句为该段的主旨句，其他内容都是对该句的具体说明，故本段主要讲的是瑙鲁有很长的外国殖民史。
（二）1. jobs 2. hardly any
（三）1. Three out of four 2. In fact
（四）1. Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world.
2. Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China.
二、答案速查 1.C 2.D 3.A
【主旨大意】本文从多个方面介绍了瑙鲁的情况，包括面积、位置、人口、资源和历史等。
1. C 【点拨】细节理解题。由第一段第一句可知，摩纳哥是世界上第二小的国家。
2. D 【点拨】细节理解题。由第四段最后一句可知，许多年轻人离开瑙鲁是因为在瑙鲁找工作和接受高等教育的机会很少。
3. A 【点拨】段落大意题。本段第一句为该段的主旨句，其他内容都是对该句的具体说明，故本段主要讲的是瑙鲁有很长的外国殖民史。
解析
【分析】
本题分为词汇运用和阅读理解两部分，需分题型思考：1. 词汇填空类：根据语境判断所给词的词性、形式变化，如序数词、名词复数、动名词的运用；2. 短语替换类：理解黑体部分含义，匹配方框内短语的语义；3. 完成句子类：牢记固定表达的英文写法；4. 仿写类：严格遵循给定句型结构，替换对应内容，保证语法正确；5. 阅读类：定位原文对应段落，提取细节信息或概括段落主旨，选出正确答案。
【解析】
一、（一）1. 语境为“第二个家”，需用two的序数词形式second，故填second；2. 谓语动词为are，主语需用复数名词，island对应的“岛民”复数是islanders，故填islanders；3. 此处作主语，需用farm的动名词形式Farming，故填Farming。
（二）1. 黑体部分find work意为“找工作”，对应方框内的jobs，故填jobs；2. 黑体部分almost no意为“几乎没有”，对应方框内的hardly any，故填hardly any。
（三）1. “四分之三”的固定表达为Three out of four，故填Three out of four；2. “事实上”的固定短语为In fact，故填In fact。
（四）1. 按照not only...but also...结构，地点状语分别为in China和all over the world，仿写为：Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world；2. 按照序数词+最高级结构，仿写为：Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China。
二、1. 由第一段第一句“after Vatican City and Monaco”可知，世界第二小的国家是摩纳哥，选C；2. 由第四段最后一句“as it’s difficult for them to find work and receive higher education”可知，年轻人离开的原因是找工作和高等教育机会少，选D；3. 最后一段主旨句为第一句“Nauru was occupied by many countries for many years”，主要讲瑙鲁的外国占领历史，选A。
【答案】
一、（一）1. second 2. islanders 3. Farming
（二）1. jobs 2. hardly any
（三）1. Three out of four 2. In fact
（四）1. Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world.
2. Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China.
二、1.C 2.D 3.A
【知识点】
数词用法、固定短语与句型、阅读理解
【点评】
本题结合外刊阅读素材，涵盖词汇基础运用、句型仿写及阅读理解，全面考察英语语言知识与阅读能力，题型贴合初中英语练习要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题分为词汇运用和阅读理解两部分，需分题型思考：1. 词汇填空类：根据语境判断所给词的词性、形式变化，如序数词、名词复数、动名词的运用；2. 短语替换类：理解黑体部分含义，匹配方框内短语的语义；3. 完成句子类：牢记固定表达的英文写法；4. 仿写类：严格遵循给定句型结构，替换对应内容，保证语法正确；5. 阅读类：定位原文对应段落，提取细节信息或概括段落主旨，选出正确答案。
【解析】
一、（一）1. 语境为“第二个家”，需用two的序数词形式second，故填second；2. 谓语动词为are，主语需用复数名词，island对应的“岛民”复数是islanders，故填islanders；3. 此处作主语，需用farm的动名词形式Farming，故填Farming。
（二）1. 黑体部分find work意为“找工作”，对应方框内的jobs，故填jobs；2. 黑体部分almost no意为“几乎没有”，对应方框内的hardly any，故填hardly any。
（三）1. “四分之三”的固定表达为Three out of four，故填Three out of four；2. “事实上”的固定短语为In fact，故填In fact。
（四）1. 按照not only...but also...结构，地点状语分别为in China和all over the world，仿写为：Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world；2. 按照序数词+最高级结构，仿写为：Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China。
二、1. 由第一段第一句“after Vatican City and Monaco”可知，世界第二小的国家是摩纳哥，选C；2. 由第四段最后一句“as it’s difficult for them to find work and receive higher education”可知，年轻人离开的原因是找工作和高等教育机会少，选D；3. 最后一段主旨句为第一句“Nauru was occupied by many countries for many years”，主要讲瑙鲁的外国占领历史，选A。
【答案】
一、（一）1. second 2. islanders 3. Farming
（二）1. jobs 2. hardly any
（三）1. Three out of four 2. In fact
（四）1. Yuan Longping is a great rice scientist not only in China but also all over the world.
2. Yellow River is our mother river and it is also the second longest river in China.
二、1.C 2.D 3.A
【知识点】
数词用法、固定短语与句型、阅读理解
【点评】
本题结合外刊阅读素材，涵盖词汇基础运用、句型仿写及阅读理解，全面考察英语语言知识与阅读能力，题型贴合初中英语练习要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
