四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。
|share|cross|famous|by hand|million|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|work|west|learn|interest|lots of|
Do you know Grandpa Amu? He is good at using wood to make a lot of things 1. He always finishes his work without any machine, or even nails (钉子) or glue. People call him modern "Lu Ban"—a 2 woodworker in Warring States period.
Grandpa Amu's real name is Wang Dewen. He is now 68 years old and 3 his house with his son's family. In his video posts, Grandpa Amu shows people how to make an apple-like Lu Ban lock, a dragon boat and many different farm machines all made of wood. He also builds a wooden bridge to help local people 4 the river and they don't need to travel far any more. Over 40 5 people watch it on Douyin, a mobile-phone app.
Grandpa Amu makes 6 wooden toys for his grandson. In the past (过去), Grandpa Amu 7 woodworking skills to make more money for his poor family. Now Grandpa Amu is happy to see his grandson is 8 in playing with those wooden works.
Grandpa Amu's whole family 9 full time on his videos. "We make the videos because we want to bring our culture to others and let 10 people know skills of woodwork art from Chinese people hundreds of years ago," says his son.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. by hand 2. famous 3. shares 4. cross 5. million 6. lots of 7. learned/learnt 8. interested 9. work 10. western

【分析】
做这类选词填空的解题思路是：1. 先通读整篇短文，明确文章主题是介绍民间手艺人阿木爷爷的相关事迹，把握整体叙事逻辑；2. 逐一梳理方框内给出的10个词汇/短语的词义、词性，预判可变形的方向；3. 逐空结合上下文语境、句子的语法规则（时态、主谓一致、固定搭配等）筛选匹配词汇，同时将选中的词汇变形为符合句子要求的正确形式，注意每个词汇只能使用一次，最后代入全文通读校验逻辑是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 根据后文“他不用任何机器，甚至钉子和胶水就能完成作品”，可知此处表达他擅长手工制作各类物件，对应固定短语by hand，符合语境。
2. 此处指代的鲁班是战国时期知名的木匠，用形容词famous直接修饰名词woodworker，语义通顺。
3. 句子表达“他今年68岁，和儿子一家同住一所房子”，主语是he，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词share要变为第三人称单数形式shares。
4. 固定结构help sb do sth表示“帮助某人做某事”，前文提到他搭建了木桥，可知是帮助当地人过河，填入动词原形cross。
5. 此处表达抖音平台上有超过4000万人观看相关内容，数词40后面接million不需要变复数，直接填million。
6. 句子表达“阿木爷爷给孙子做很多木制玩具”，短语lots of可以直接修饰可数名词复数wooden toys，符合语境。
7. 根据时间状语In the past（在过去），句子时态为一般过去时，表达他过去学习木工技能赚钱补贴家用，learn的过去式为learned/learnt。
8. 固定搭配be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，此处表达孙子很喜欢玩这些木工作品，将名词interest变为形容词interested填入。
9. 句子主语The whole family指代全家人，表复数含义，时态为一般现在时，表达全家全职投入视频制作，直接填入动词原形work。
10. 此处表达让西方的人们了解数百年前中国的木工技艺，将名词west变为形容词western，修饰名词people，符合语法要求。
【答案】
1. by hand 2. famous 3. shares 4. cross 5. million 6. lots of 7. learned/learnt 8. interested 9. work 10. western
【知识点】
选词填空、词形变换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于记叙文类选词填空题，选材结合热门民间手艺人阿木爷爷的相关事迹，贴近学生生活，既考察学生对上下文语境的理解能力，也覆盖了一般现在时主谓一致、一般过去式变形、固定短语搭配、词性转换等多个基础考点，易错点集中在动词三单变形、interested的固定搭配、名词转形容词的规则，学生解题时要注意结合语法要求调整词汇形式，避免直接照搬原形出错。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读理解。
One day, a fox invited (邀请) a stork (鹳) for dinner. The stork was very happy to go to the fox's home, as she always thought that he didn't like her. She got to the fox's home on time and knocked on the door with her long beak (喙).

The fox took her to the dinner table and treated her to some soup in shallow (浅的) bowls. But because the bowl was too shallow for the stork, she couldn't have any of the soup. The fox, however, quickly finished his soup and laughed at the stork.
The stork was very angry, but she didn't show her anger. She thanked him for his invitation. To teach the fox a lesson, she invited him for dinner the next day.
She treated the fox to some soup, too, but this time the soup was put in two tall, narrow (狭窄的) vases (花瓶). The stork's long beak made it easy for her to drink the soup from the vase. But the fox couldn't get the soup. The fox got to know what the stork meant. Feeling ashamed, the fox left.
()1. What was the dinner like in the fox's home?
A. The fox showed his love for the stork.
B. The fox played tricks on the stork.
C. The stork enjoyed the soup very much.
D. The stork talked to the fox angrily.
()2. Why couldn't the fox have any of the soup in the stork's home?
A. Because the soup was in a shallow bowl.
B. Because the soup was in a tall, narrow vase.
C. Because the stork didn't cook any soup for him.
D. Because the fox's neck was not long enough to get to a bowl.
()3. What does the underlined word "ashamed" mean in the last paragraph?
A. Happy.
B. Angry.
C. Sorry.
D. Sad.
()4. What does the story teach us?
A. Think about the needs of others.
B. Think about what a fox says.
C. Learn to use different tools.
D. Be thankful to kind people.

1. B 【点拨】根据“The fox took her to the dinner table... quickly finished his soup and laughed at the stork.”可知,狐狸戏耍了鹳。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据“She treated the fox to some soup, too, but this time the soup was put in two tall, narrow(狭窄的)vases(花瓶).”和“But the fox couldn't get the soup.”可知,狐狸喝不到汤,是因为汤在又窄又长的花瓶里。故选 B。
3. C 【点拨】根据“The fox got to know what the stork meant. Feeling ashamed, the fox left.”可推测出,狐狸感到羞愧,离开了。故选 C。
4. A 【点拨】根据文章内容可知,故事教会了人们要多为他人着想。故选 A。

【分析】
这是一篇寓言类阅读理解，解题时首先通读全文梳理故事脉络：狐狸假意邀请鹳吃饭，故意用浅碗盛汤让长喙的鹳无法进食，以此捉弄对方；之后鹳回请狐狸，将汤放在又高又窄的容器里，让短嘴的狐狸也喝不到汤，最终狐狸羞愧离场。之后逐题对应原文定位信息：细节题直接找到原文对应语句比对选项，词义猜测题结合上下文情绪推导，主旨题提炼故事传递的核心道理，就能顺利选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第一题：根据原文第二段内容，狐狸用浅碗盛汤，长喙的鹳根本喝不到汤，狐狸自己很快喝完还嘲笑鹳，说明狐狸是在捉弄戏耍鹳。选项A“狐狸向鹳表达喜爱”、C“鹳非常享受这道汤”、D“鹳生气地和狐狸交谈”均和原文内容不符，因此选B。
2. 第二题：根据原文最后一段内容，鹳招待狐狸的汤被放在两个又高又窄的花瓶里，狐狸的嘴短无法伸到容器里喝到汤。选项A是狐狸家盛汤的容器，选项C“鹳没给狐狸做汤”不符合原文，选项D“狐狸脖子不够长够不到碗”描述错误，因此选B。
3. 第三题：划线词“ashamed”所在句的前文说明狐狸明白了鹳的用意，意识到自己之前捉弄鹳的行为不对，现在自己也尝到了被捉弄的滋味，此时的情绪是羞愧、愧疚的，对应选项C“Sorry（愧疚、不好意思）”，选项A开心、B生气、D伤心均不符合语境，因此选C。
4. 第四题：整个寓言故事通过狐狸捉弄他人最终自己也尝到恶果的情节，传递了为人处世要顾及他人感受、站在他人角度考虑需求的道理，对应选项A。其余选项均不符合故事核心主旨，因此选A。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A
【知识点】
细节信息定位，词义猜测，主旨大意理解
【点评】
本题选取经典伊索寓言改编，内容趣味性强，大部分题目都可以通过直接定位原文内容得到答案，仅词义猜测和主旨题需要结合上下文做简单推导，难度梯度合理，既能锻炼学生的阅读信息提取能力，也能让学生理解故事背后的处世道理。
【难度系数】
0.7