四、阅读表达
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
体裁：说明文
主题：中华文化
难度：★★★★
建议用时：8 min
正确率： /5
新素养·文化意识 The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. These solar terms follow the changes of the seasons and the weather. “Start of Spring”, “Start of Summer”, “Start of Autumn” and “Start of Winter” mark the beginning of each season. Therefore, they divide the year into four seasons. Each of the seasons is then divided into six parts, and each part lasts about 15 days. The solar terms can fall on different dates. Start of Winter usually begins on November 7 or November 8. Here are some customs(习俗) we Chinese people often have during this period.
Drinking mutton soup
In many places in China, there's a tradition of drinking mutton soup on this day, and you won't fear the cold throughout the winter. Mutton is rich in fats, proteins and calories, making it a good choice when the weather gets cold. Having a bowl of mutton soup not only warms the weak body but also provides a pleasant experience.
Eating tangyuan
Eating tangyuan is a traditional custom, especially popular in the south of the Yangtze River. Tangyuan is a must-have food for people there, because “Yuan” means “getting together”.
Eating dumplings
In many parts of northern China, it is a custom to eat dumplings. People in northern China eat dumplings on this day because dumplings have the meaning of “cold”, and there is still a folk saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of Winter, or your ears will be frostbitten”.
Making winter wine
Start of Winter is a good day to start making yellow wine in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, as the water is usually clearer at this time and the low temperature restricts the growth of germs, perfect for the flavor during the fermenting process.
Besides these customs, we should also pay attention to some other things during this time. As the weather gets colder and colder, we need to wear gloves, hats and warm cotton-padded shoes to keep ourselves warm. We also need to do exercise, such as choosing some indoor sports to keep our body strong.
1. What does “Start of Winter” mark?

2. Where does Start of Winter fall in the sequence(顺序) of solar terms?

3. How many customs are mentioned in this passage?

4. What's the weather like during this time?

5. What do you often do during this time?

四、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了节气立冬和立冬的一些习俗。
1. The beginning of winter. 根据第一段“‘Start of Spring’, ‘Start of Summer’, ‘Start of Autumn’ and ‘Start of Winter’ mark the beginning of each season”可知立冬标志着冬天的开始。
2. The Nineteenth./The 19th. 根据第一段“‘Start of Spring’, ‘Start of Summer’, ‘Start of Autumn’ and ‘Start of Winter’ mark the beginning of each season”和“Each of the seasons is then divided into six parts”可知立冬是冬天的开始，春夏秋一共18个节气，由此可知立冬是第19个节气。
3. Four./4. 根据“Drinking mutton soup” “Eating tangyuan” “Eating dumplings”和“Making winter wine”可知本文一共提到了四个立冬的习俗。
4. The weather gets colder and colder./It's cold. 根据最后一段“As the weather gets colder and colder”可知立冬时天气很冷。
5. I eat dumplings./I wear warm clothes./I do exercise.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可)

【分析】本题为根据短文内容回答问题的阅读表达题，解题思路为：1. 定位每道题的题干关键词，在原文中快速找到对应信息；2. 提取符合要求（不超过6个词）的答案，开放题需结合文中内容或常识作答；3. 核对答案与原文的一致性，确保准确。
【解析】1. 题干关键词“Start of Winter”，定位第一段“‘Start of Winter’ mark the beginning of each season”，可知立冬标志冬天的开始，对应答案；2. 题干关键词“sequence of solar terms”，结合第一段“四个‘Start of’对应四季开始，每个季节分6个节气”，春夏秋共18个节气，故立冬是第19个，对应答案；3. 题干关键词“customs”，文中明确列出4个立冬习俗，对应答案；4. 题干关键词“weather”，定位最后一段“As the weather gets colder and colder”，可知立冬时天气寒冷，对应答案；5. 为开放题，结合文中习俗或注意事项，言之有理即可。
【答案】1. The beginning of winter. 2. The Nineteenth./The 19th. 3. Four./4. 4. The weather gets colder and colder./It's cold. 5. I eat dumplings.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
【知识点】说明文阅读，细节理解，信息提取
【点评】本题以中华文化中的立冬节气为主题，考查学生的信息定位与提取能力，兼具文化性与基础性，符合文化意识的新素养要求。
【难度系数】0.6