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四、IV. 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一项是多余选项。
When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind is strong, be careful. This may mean a dangerous storm is coming. The black clouds and the strong winds are nature's warnings（警告）. 1
When you see a flash of lightning（闪电），quickly get into a building. Even after you are indoors, it is not smart to go near doors and windows. 2 A room with no windows is the safest place to be. Do not wash your hands during a storm. Do not take risks using anything that runs on electricity（电），either. Although you really want to play computer games, don't do that. It is better to be bored than to get hurt. 3 It is more fun than playing computer games.
If you are outside at that time, you may feel safe under a tree. 4 Instead, find an open place. Also, remember to cover your ears. If you don't, some loud noises may hurt your hearing. Lightning does not strike（攻击）people very often. You will hardly ever see that happen. 5 Only trained workers can care for you.
If you follow these rules, you could stay safe during a storm.
A. They can be broken easily.
B. Try reading a book instead.
C. But if an accident happens, call 120.
D. However, it is not a good place to be.
E. Touching water can bring you danger.
F. So you should act right away to keep safe.
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___
When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind is strong, be careful. This may mean a dangerous storm is coming. The black clouds and the strong winds are nature's warnings（警告）. 1
When you see a flash of lightning（闪电），quickly get into a building. Even after you are indoors, it is not smart to go near doors and windows. 2 A room with no windows is the safest place to be. Do not wash your hands during a storm. Do not take risks using anything that runs on electricity（电），either. Although you really want to play computer games, don't do that. It is better to be bored than to get hurt. 3 It is more fun than playing computer games.
If you are outside at that time, you may feel safe under a tree. 4 Instead, find an open place. Also, remember to cover your ears. If you don't, some loud noises may hurt your hearing. Lightning does not strike（攻击）people very often. You will hardly ever see that happen. 5 Only trained workers can care for you.
If you follow these rules, you could stay safe during a storm.
A. They can be broken easily.
B. Try reading a book instead.
C. But if an accident happens, call 120.
D. However, it is not a good place to be.
E. Touching water can bring you danger.
F. So you should act right away to keep safe.
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___
答案
1.F 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确短文主题是暴风雨来临时的安全注意事项；接着逐个分析每个空白处的前后文逻辑关系：第1空前文提到乌云和强风是暴风雨的警告，需选应对措施的选项；第2空前文说室内不能靠近门窗，需选解释原因的选项；第3空前文提到不要玩电脑游戏，需选替代活动的选项；第4空前文说树下看似安全，需选转折说明树下不安全的选项；第5空后文提到专业人员救助，需选事故应对的选项，最终匹配出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文指出“乌云和强风是暴风雨的自然警告”，F选项“所以你应该立刻行动保证安全”承接上文警告，引出应对措施，符合逻辑，故选F。
2. 第2空：前文提到“室内不要靠近门窗”，A选项“它们（门窗）很容易被损坏”解释了不能靠近门窗的原因，后句“没有窗户的房间最安全”进一步说明，逻辑连贯，故选A。
3. 第3空：前文说“不要玩电脑游戏”，B选项“相反试着读一本书”是替代玩电脑的活动，后句“它比玩电脑游戏更有趣”承接该活动，符合语境，故选B。
4. 第4空：前文提到“在树下可能觉得安全”，D选项“然而，那不是个好地方”转折说明树下不安全，后句“找开阔地”给出正确做法，逻辑通顺，故选D。
5. 第5空：后文指出“只有训练有素的人能照顾你”，C选项“但如果发生事故，打120”承接事故后的应对，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】
1.F 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
英语七选五、语境推理、信息匹配
【点评】
本题为英语七选五题型，围绕暴风雨安全规则展开，考查学生对上下文逻辑的理解与信息匹配能力，需结合语境逐一验证选项，难度适中，注意排除多余选项。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先通读全文，明确短文主题是暴风雨来临时的安全注意事项；接着逐个分析每个空白处的前后文逻辑关系：第1空前文提到乌云和强风是暴风雨的警告，需选应对措施的选项；第2空前文说室内不能靠近门窗，需选解释原因的选项；第3空前文提到不要玩电脑游戏，需选替代活动的选项；第4空前文说树下看似安全，需选转折说明树下不安全的选项；第5空后文提到专业人员救助，需选事故应对的选项，最终匹配出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文指出“乌云和强风是暴风雨的自然警告”，F选项“所以你应该立刻行动保证安全”承接上文警告，引出应对措施，符合逻辑，故选F。
2. 第2空：前文提到“室内不要靠近门窗”，A选项“它们（门窗）很容易被损坏”解释了不能靠近门窗的原因，后句“没有窗户的房间最安全”进一步说明，逻辑连贯，故选A。
3. 第3空：前文说“不要玩电脑游戏”，B选项“相反试着读一本书”是替代玩电脑的活动，后句“它比玩电脑游戏更有趣”承接该活动，符合语境，故选B。
4. 第4空：前文提到“在树下可能觉得安全”，D选项“然而，那不是个好地方”转折说明树下不安全，后句“找开阔地”给出正确做法，逻辑通顺，故选D。
5. 第5空：后文指出“只有训练有素的人能照顾你”，C选项“但如果发生事故，打120”承接事故后的应对，符合语境，故选C。
【答案】
1.F 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
【知识点】
英语七选五、语境推理、信息匹配
【点评】
本题为英语七选五题型，围绕暴风雨安全规则展开，考查学生对上下文逻辑的理解与信息匹配能力，需结合语境逐一验证选项，难度适中，注意排除多余选项。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、V. 阅读短文，按要求完成任务。
1 Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.
2 If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a
strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or sitting close to a wall is safer than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run out of the building if you live high.
3 If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines.
4 The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks after most earthquakes. We call them aftershocks（余震）and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake.
5 When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need help. You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake.
任务一：根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项多余。
A. Outdoor protection ways.
B. Results of earthquakes in cities.
C. Indoor protection ways.
D. Dangers after the strong earthquake.
E. Things to do when it's safe.
F. Reasons for earthquakes.
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___
任务二：根据短文内容完成下表，每空不超过3个单词。
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___
任务三：假设你是灾害预防宣传员，请设计一个“地震中如何保护自身安全”（Keep safe in the earthquake）的宣传海报。
1 Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes are very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.
2 If you are indoors when the earthquake happens, the safest place is under a
strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or sitting close to a wall is safer than standing in the middle of a room. Remember to protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run out of the building if you live high.
3 If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from buildings and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines.
4 The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks after most earthquakes. We call them aftershocks（余震）and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake.
5 When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. Some may need help. You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake.
任务一：根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意，其中有一个选项多余。
A. Outdoor protection ways.
B. Results of earthquakes in cities.
C. Indoor protection ways.
D. Dangers after the strong earthquake.
E. Things to do when it's safe.
F. Reasons for earthquakes.
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___
任务二：根据短文内容完成下表，每空不超过3个单词。
1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___
任务三：假设你是灾害预防宣传员，请设计一个“地震中如何保护自身安全”（Keep safe in the earthquake）的宣传海报。
答案
任务一:1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.E
任务二:1. ways 2. building 3. trees 4. fallen power lines 5. stay calm
任务三:
解析
【分析】
本题是英语阅读理解题，包含三个任务：任务一需匹配段落主旨，任务二需根据文章细节完成表格填空，任务三为开放性宣传设计。解题时需先通读全文，理解每段核心内容，再结合任务要求逐一分析：任务一通过抓每段关键句匹配对应主旨选项；任务二需定位表格对应内容的原文，提取符合字数要求的信息；任务三结合文章核心自救要点设计即可。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 第1段关键句为“When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes”，讲城市地震的后果，对应选项B；
2. 第2段围绕室内的保护方法展开，对应选项C；
3. 第3段围绕室外的保护方法展开，对应选项A；
4. 第4段讲强震后的危险（余震），对应选项D；
5. 第5段讲安全后的做法，对应选项E。
任务二：
1. 表格标题为“The ___ to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake”，结合文章核心是地震中保护自己的方法，故填ways；
2. 原文第2段提到“Do not try to run out of the building if you live high”，对应表格室内部分内容，故填building；
3. 原文第3段提到“Get away from buildings and trees”，对应表格室外部分内容，故填trees；
4. 原文第3段提到“Be very careful of fallen power lines”，对应表格室外部分内容，故填fallen power lines；
5. 原文第5段提到“That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake”，结合前文“you should try to stay calm”，故填stay calm。
任务三：围绕地震中室内、室外的保护方法及保持冷静等要点设计海报，如标题“Keep safe in the earthquake”，内容分室内、室外注意事项，突出保持冷静的重要性即可。
【答案】
任务一:1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.E
任务二:1. ways 2. building 3. trees 4. fallen power lines 5. stay calm
任务三:（略，符合要求即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题考查学生英语阅读理解的综合能力，涵盖主旨概括、细节查找等核心技能，贴近生活实际，有助于学生掌握地震自救知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题是英语阅读理解题，包含三个任务：任务一需匹配段落主旨，任务二需根据文章细节完成表格填空，任务三为开放性宣传设计。解题时需先通读全文，理解每段核心内容，再结合任务要求逐一分析：任务一通过抓每段关键句匹配对应主旨选项；任务二需定位表格对应内容的原文，提取符合字数要求的信息；任务三结合文章核心自救要点设计即可。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 第1段关键句为“When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes”，讲城市地震的后果，对应选项B；
2. 第2段围绕室内的保护方法展开，对应选项C；
3. 第3段围绕室外的保护方法展开，对应选项A；
4. 第4段讲强震后的危险（余震），对应选项D；
5. 第5段讲安全后的做法，对应选项E。
任务二：
1. 表格标题为“The ___ to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake”，结合文章核心是地震中保护自己的方法，故填ways；
2. 原文第2段提到“Do not try to run out of the building if you live high”，对应表格室内部分内容，故填building；
3. 原文第3段提到“Get away from buildings and trees”，对应表格室外部分内容，故填trees；
4. 原文第3段提到“Be very careful of fallen power lines”，对应表格室外部分内容，故填fallen power lines；
5. 原文第5段提到“That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake”，结合前文“you should try to stay calm”，故填stay calm。
任务三：围绕地震中室内、室外的保护方法及保持冷静等要点设计海报，如标题“Keep safe in the earthquake”，内容分室内、室外注意事项，突出保持冷静的重要性即可。
【答案】
任务一:1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.E
任务二:1. ways 2. building 3. trees 4. fallen power lines 5. stay calm
任务三:（略，符合要求即可）
【知识点】
阅读理解主旨大意、细节理解、信息提取
【点评】
本题考查学生英语阅读理解的综合能力，涵盖主旨概括、细节查找等核心技能，贴近生活实际，有助于学生掌握地震自救知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
