五、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 用方框中的词语完成短文（每小题1分，共5分）
make sure, menus, overweight, preferences, sugary
Recently, the Ministry of Education has released new guidance to improve food safety in schools. It has set clear rules for the daily management of school canteens all over the country.
Different people have different duties. Headmasters should take the main responsibility for food safety, while canteen managers must manage food preparation carefully and draw up proper daily 56. for students. Canteen managers need to cut down on 57. drinks and fried food because eating such food over time may make teenagers 58. .
At the same time, canteen workers need regular health checks and job training. They must 59. meat and vegetables are cooked thoroughly to kill harmful bacteria every time they prepare a meal. They should never use expired (过期的) food. As long as all safety rules are followed strictly, canteen workers can fully consider students’ food 60. .
To keep food safe and delicious, schools must send school leaders to eat with students at every meal.
In short, all staff are supposed to work together to provide young students with healthy and delicious meals.

56. menus
57. sugary
58. overweight
59. make sure
60. preferences

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，需先明确方框内单词的词义、词性，再结合每个空的句子结构、上下文语境逐一匹配：1. 先梳理单词：make sure（确保，动词短语）、menus（菜单，名词复数）、overweight（超重的，形容词）、preferences（偏好，名词复数）、sugary（含糖的，形容词）；2. 逐个分析空格：56空需名词作draw up的宾语，对应食堂经理制定菜单的职责；57空需形容词修饰drinks，对应不健康的含糖饮料；58空需形容词作make的宾补，对应长期吃垃圾食品导致超重；59空需动词短语接在must后，对应确保食物煮熟；60空需名词对应学生的饮食偏好。
【解析】
56. 空格前为“draw up proper daily”，需名词作宾语，结合食堂经理的工作内容，“menus（菜单）”符合语境，故填menus；
57. 空格后为名词drinks，需形容词修饰，结合后文提到的不健康食品，“sugary（含糖的）”符合，故填sugary；
58. 空格前为“make teenagers”，需形容词作宾语补足语，长期食用高糖、油炸食品会导致青少年超重，“overweight（超重的）”符合，故填overweight；
59. 空格前为情态动词must，后接动词原形，结合语境需确保食物彻底煮熟，“make sure（确保）”符合，故填make sure；
60. 空格前为“students’ food”，需名词，结合食堂需考虑学生饮食需求，“preferences（偏好）”符合，故填preferences。
【答案】
56. menus；57. sugary；58. overweight；59. make sure；60. preferences
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、选词填空
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的词义、词性辨析及语境运用，是英语常见基础题型，需结合上下文逻辑和词汇搭配解题，注重对词汇在具体语境中运用能力的考查。
【难度系数】
0.6

第二节 阅读短文，回答问题（每小题2分，共10分）
The UK government is planning to make school food in England healthier. It will set up more than 500 free breakfast clubs for primary schools in the coming months. It also plans to offer free school meals to more children starting from the new term. Families with low incomes can apply for this support for their children.
The new food rules will bring clear changes to school menus. Schools will restrict foods high in fat, salt and sugar. Fried food is not allowed in school canteens. Popular fast foods such as pizza cannot be provided every day. All desserts must be served with fresh fruit, and primary schools must have at least one fruit-only dessert day weekly. The government makes these changes for children’s health.
Most parents have expressed concerns about their children’s unhealthy diet. Around one third of children become overweight when they finish primary school. Too much sugary food also leads to tooth problems for young children.
Some school leaders hope the government can offer more money to deal with rising food costs. It is said that not enough money has lowered the quality of school food in many schools.
The government will collect public feedback for nine weeks. It will decide the final plans in September, and then all schools must follow the rules. Hopefully, the rules can improve children’s overall health.
61. Who can apply for free school meals under the new plans?

62. How should schools serve desserts under the new food rules?

63. What health problems does unhealthy diet bring to children?

64. According to some school leaders, what may make it hard to maintain the quality of school food?

65. What rule from the new plans do you think your school canteen can learn from? Why?

61. Children from low-income families in England.
62. All desserts must be served with fresh fruit. Besides, primary schools must hold at least one fruit-only dessert day every week.
63. Becoming overweight and frequent tooth problems.
64. Rising food costs and not enough money for school meals.
65. I think my school canteen can limit food high in sugar and fat. It can help us keep a balanced diet and stay healthy during school days.

【分析】本题为英语阅读理解简答题，需根据短文内容定位各问题的关键信息，逐一提取并整理成符合要求的答案。解题时需先通读短文，再针对每个问题回到原文查找对应语句，筛选核心内容作答，开放题需结合原文规则合理阐述。
【解析】61题：根据短文第一段最后一句及开头提到的英格兰学校，可定位申请对象；62题：根据短文第二段关于甜点供应的具体要求整理答案；63题：从短文第三段提取不健康饮食带来的健康问题；64题：根据短文第四段中学校领导提及的影响校餐质量的因素作答；65题：结合原文新规则，阐述合理的借鉴内容及理由即可。
【答案】61. Children from low-income families in England.
62. All desserts must be served with fresh fruit. Besides, primary schools must hold at least one fruit-only dessert day every week.
63. Becoming overweight and frequent tooth problems.
64. Rising food costs and not enough money for school meals.
65. I think my school canteen can limit food high in sugar and fat. It can help us keep a balanced diet and stay healthy during school days.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、信息提取
【点评】本题考查学生的英语阅读细节定位与信息整理能力，题目贴合短文内容，难度适中，开放题部分需结合原文规则合理作答，有助于提升学生的阅读应用能力。
【难度系数】0.7