五、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 用方框中的词语完成短文（每小题1分，共5分）
was particular about, failure, humorous, aloud, surveyed
Mark Twain held strict standards for his writing. Before publishing any work, he 56. every line of his manuscripts to find unsuitable expressions. He 57. his choice of words and plots, never allowing weak language in his stories. He believed that good writing required hard work and patience.
Every evening after dinner, he would sit by the window and read his new passages 58. . He thought that only in this way could he notice unnatural sentences. He never feared 59. in writing. Even if he rewrote a text ten times, he would not give up easily. This strong will made him different from many other writers.
What’s more, Twain was a 60. speaker. He told light, funny stories to warm up audiences, which made him one of the most popular lecturers in America. His careful writing habit and warm humour brought him lifelong success.

56. surveyed 57. was particular about 58. aloud 59. failure 60. humorous

【分析】这是一道英语选词填空题，需结合语境、固定搭配及时态来选择合适的词。首先通读短文，把握马克·吐温的写作特点和性格，再逐个分析每个空格：56空需填过去式动词，对应“审阅手稿找不合适表达”的语境；57空需用固定短语体现对选词和情节的严格要求；58空需填副词修饰read，对应“注意不自然句子”的方式；59空需填名词，对应“不畏惧写作”的内容；60空需填形容词修饰speaker，对应“讲有趣故事”的描述。
【解析】
56. 句子时态为一般过去时，结合“审阅手稿找不合适表达”的语境，选动词过去式surveyed；
57. 固定短语be particular about意为“对…挑剔”，符合马克·吐温对选词和情节的严格要求，故填was particular about；
58. 固定搭配read aloud意为“大声读”，符合“通过大声读注意不自然句子”的语境，填aloud；
59. 结合“不畏惧写作…”的语境，选名词failure，构成fear failure（害怕失败）；
60. 需形容词修饰名词speaker，结合“讲有趣故事”的描述，选humorous（幽默的）。
【答案】56. surveyed 57. was particular about 58. aloud 59. failure 60. humorous
【知识点】动词短语运用、形容词辨析、名词辨析、一般过去时
【点评】本题考查词汇在语境中的灵活运用，需结合上下文逻辑和固定搭配解题，属于基础题型，能有效考查学生对核心词汇的掌握情况。
【难度系数】0.6

第二节 阅读短文，回答问题（每小题2分，共10分）
Charles Dickens was one of the greatest writers in English history. Born in 1812 in England, he had a difficult childhood. When he was 12, his father was sent to prison for debt, and Dickens had to work in a factory. This experience made him understand the suffering of poor people deeply.
Dickens wrote many famous novels, including Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, and A Tale of Two Cities. His works were loved by both the rich and the poor. He was one of the first writers to care about the lives of the “small people” in society.
What made Dickens special? First, he used humour to make readers laugh, even when he wrote about sad topics. Second, he created unforgettable characters. The names of his characters, like Scrooge, became part of the English language. Third,
he used his novels to fight against social problems such as child labour, poverty, and unfair laws.
Dickens was not just a writer. He also gave public readings of his works and became a famous speaker. Like Mark Twain, he knew how to connect with his audience. Both writers used humour and powerful characters to make people think about social problems. In this way, Dickens was not only a great storyteller but also a voice for the poor and powerless in Victorian England.
61. What happened to Dickens when he was 12 years old?

62. What made Dickens’ writing special?

63. What social problems did Dickens fight against in his novels?

64. Why does the writer say Dickens was “a voice for the poor and powerless”?

65. What common qualities did Charles Dickens and Mark Twain share as writers? Give one example.

61. His father was sent to prison and he had to work in a factory.
62. His humour, his unforgettable characters, and his fight against social problems.
63. He fought against child labour, poverty, and unfair laws.
64. Because he understood the suffering of poor people from his own childhood and he used his novels to speak for them and fight for their rights.
65. They both used humour to make people think about social problems. For example, Twain used satire to fight against slavery while Dickens used his novels to fight against child labour.

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的细节类题目，解题思路为：先快速通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题的关键词（如61题的when he was 12、62题的what made special等）回到原文定位对应段落，提取原文关键信息，整理成符合问题要求的简洁答案，确保答案与原文表述一致，不添加主观内容。
【解析】
61. 定位原文第一段“When he was 12, his father was sent to prison for debt, and Dickens had to work in a factory.”，提取关键信息得出答案；
62. 定位原文第三段关于狄更斯特别之处的三点描述：使用幽默、塑造难忘角色、对抗社会问题，整理得出答案；
63. 定位原文第三段列举的狄更斯对抗的社会问题：童工、贫困、不公平法律，提取得出答案；
64. 结合原文第一段（自身经历理解穷人苦难）和最后一段（用小说为穷人发声），整理得出答案；
65. 定位原文最后一段关于狄更斯与马克·吐温的共同之处：使用幽默引发对社会问题的思考，举例说明，得出答案。
【答案】
61. His father was sent to prison and he had to work in a factory.
62. His humour, his unforgettable characters, and his fight against social problems.
63. He fought against child labour, poverty, and unfair laws.
64. Because he understood the suffering of poor people from his own childhood and he used his novels to speak for them and fight for their rights.
65. They both used humour to make people think about social problems. For example, Twain used satire to fight against slavery while Dickens used his novels to fight against child labour.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读细节信息的提取，难度较低，学生只需准确定位原文对应内容即可作答，适合基础较好的学生完成。
【难度系数】
0.8