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1 Change the following sentences into the present passive. 将下列句子改为被动语态。
(1) The elders in the village preserve the art of storytelling.
(2) People pass down the folk songs from generation to generation.
(3) Mary often shares the recipe for the holiday feast among the families in the town.
(4) The farmers gather the harvest in autumn.
(5) The school usually holds the Folk Customs Festival in the gym.
(1) The elders in the village preserve the art of storytelling.
The art of storytelling is preserved by the elders in the village.
(2) People pass down the folk songs from generation to generation.
The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) Mary often shares the recipe for the holiday feast among the families in the town.
The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) The farmers gather the harvest in autumn.
The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) The school usually holds the Folk Customs Festival in the gym.
The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
答案
(1) The art of storytelling is preserved by the elders in the village.
(2) The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
(2) The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
解析
【分析】
要将一般现在时的主动句转换为被动句，需遵循以下步骤：1. 把主动句的宾语调整为被动句的主语；2. 将主动句的谓语动词改为“am/is/are + 动词过去分词”的结构，be动词需与新主语的人称和数保持一致；3. 主动句的主语作为动作执行者，放在介词by后构成by短语（本题要求转换，故保留）。按此规则逐个处理句子即可。
【解析】
(1) 主动句宾语为单数名词短语the art of storytelling，be动词用is，preserve的过去分词为preserved，转换后为：The art of storytelling is preserved by the elders in the village.
(2) 主动句宾语为复数名词短语the folk songs，be动词用are，pass的过去分词为passed，转换后为：The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) 主动句宾语为单数名词短语the recipe for the holiday feast，be动词用is，share的过去分词为shared，副词often置于be动词后，转换后为：The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) 主动句宾语为单数名词the harvest，be动词用is，gather的过去分词为gathered，转换后为：The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) 主动句宾语为单数名词短语the Folk Customs Festival，be动词用is，hold的过去分词为held，副词usually置于be动词后，转换后为：The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
【答案】
(1) The art of storytelling is preserved by the elders in the village.
(2) The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
【知识点】
一般现在时被动语态转换；被动语态的构成
【点评】
本题考查一般现在时主动句转被动句的基础语法，核心是掌握被动语态的基本结构及be动词与主语的一致规则，属于英语语法基础题型，难度较低，只要牢记规则即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
要将一般现在时的主动句转换为被动句，需遵循以下步骤：1. 把主动句的宾语调整为被动句的主语；2. 将主动句的谓语动词改为“am/is/are + 动词过去分词”的结构，be动词需与新主语的人称和数保持一致；3. 主动句的主语作为动作执行者，放在介词by后构成by短语（本题要求转换，故保留）。按此规则逐个处理句子即可。
【解析】
(1) 主动句宾语为单数名词短语the art of storytelling，be动词用is，preserve的过去分词为preserved，转换后为：The art of storytelling is preserved by the elders in the village.
(2) 主动句宾语为复数名词短语the folk songs，be动词用are，pass的过去分词为passed，转换后为：The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) 主动句宾语为单数名词短语the recipe for the holiday feast，be动词用is，share的过去分词为shared，副词often置于be动词后，转换后为：The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) 主动句宾语为单数名词the harvest，be动词用is，gather的过去分词为gathered，转换后为：The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) 主动句宾语为单数名词短语the Folk Customs Festival，be动词用is，hold的过去分词为held，副词usually置于be动词后，转换后为：The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
【答案】
(1) The art of storytelling is preserved by the elders in the village.
(2) The folk songs are passed down from generation to generation.
(3) The recipe for the holiday feast is often shared by Mary among the families in the town.
(4) The harvest is gathered by the farmers in autumn.
(5) The Folk Customs Festival is usually held by the school in the gym.
【知识点】
一般现在时被动语态转换；被动语态的构成
【点评】
本题考查一般现在时主动句转被动句的基础语法，核心是掌握被动语态的基本结构及be动词与主语的一致规则，属于英语语法基础题型，难度较低，只要牢记规则即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8
2 Complete the conversation with the proper forms of the verbs in the box. 用方框中动词的适当形式补全对话。
paint make cover keep replace put add
Lu Yao: Have you ever wondered how Chinese lanterns are made?
Jordan: Not really. But now that you mention it, I’m curious. Aren’t they handcrafted by artisans?
Lu Yao: Yes, they are! Traditionally, the frame of the lantern is constructed first, and usually it (1)
Jordan: What happens after the frame is constructed?
Lu Yao: Well, the frame (2)
Jordan: Interesting. Are any decorations added?
Lu Yao: Absolutely. The lanterns (3)
Jordan: I bet that takes a lot of skill.
Lu Yao: It does. And finally, a light source (4)
Jordan: It seems like a lot of care (6)
Lu Yao: Indeed. Each lantern is a work of art and a labour of love. The making of these lanterns has been passed down through generations, and thankfully, the tradition (7)
Jordan: That’s quite fascinating. I’d love to see the process in person someday.
paint make cover keep replace put add
Lu Yao: Have you ever wondered how Chinese lanterns are made?
Jordan: Not really. But now that you mention it, I’m curious. Aren’t they handcrafted by artisans?
Lu Yao: Yes, they are! Traditionally, the frame of the lantern is constructed first, and usually it (1)
is made
from bamboo or wood.Jordan: What happens after the frame is constructed?
Lu Yao: Well, the frame (2)
is covered
with paper or silk. The materials are carefully selected and treated before being used.Jordan: Interesting. Are any decorations added?
Lu Yao: Absolutely. The lanterns (3)
are painted
with beautiful designs or Chinese calligraphy. And today, designs are sometimes printed by machines, but the best ones are still painted by hand.Jordan: I bet that takes a lot of skill.
Lu Yao: It does. And finally, a light source (4)
is added
inside. In the past, candles were used, but now they (5) are replaced
by safer LED lights.Jordan: It seems like a lot of care (6)
is put
into each lantern.Lu Yao: Indeed. Each lantern is a work of art and a labour of love. The making of these lanterns has been passed down through generations, and thankfully, the tradition (7)
is kept
alive by communities across China today.Jordan: That’s quite fascinating. I’d love to see the process in person someday.
答案
(1) is made (2) is covered (3) are painted (4) is added (5) are replaced (6) is put
(7) is kept
(7) is kept
解析
【分析】首先，本题需结合对话语境判断动作的主被动关系（灯笼制作中，主语均为动作的承受者，故用被动语态），再根据主语的单复数确定一般现在时被动语态的be动词形式（am/is/are），最后匹配方框内动词的过去分词形式填空。具体思路：先确定每个空的主语，分析主语与方框动词的逻辑关系（是承受动作还是发出动作），再结合一般现在时的被动结构，以及主语单复数选择正确的be动词，最终得出答案。
【解析】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 动词过去分词”，结合语境及主语单复数分析如下：
1. 第1空：主语it指代lantern的frame，与动词make是被动关系，it为单数，故填is made；
2. 第2空：主语frame与动词cover是被动关系，frame为单数，故填is covered；
3. 第3空：主语lanterns为复数，与动词paint是被动关系，故填are painted；
4. 第4空：主语a light source为单数，与动词add是被动关系，故填is added；
5. 第5空：主语they指代过去的candles，与动词replace是被动关系，they为复数，故填are replaced；
6. 第6空：主语a lot of care为不可数名词，与动词put是被动关系，故填is put；
7. 第7空：主语tradition为单数，与动词keep是被动关系，故填is kept。
【答案】(1) is made (2) is covered (3) are painted (4) is added (5) are replaced (6) is put (7) is kept
【知识点】一般现在时被动语态，动词适当形式填空
【点评】本题以中国灯笼制作为话题，考查被动语态在语境中的运用，需学生结合语境判断主被动，再根据主语单复数确定be动词，是基础语法的实际应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 动词过去分词”，结合语境及主语单复数分析如下：
1. 第1空：主语it指代lantern的frame，与动词make是被动关系，it为单数，故填is made；
2. 第2空：主语frame与动词cover是被动关系，frame为单数，故填is covered；
3. 第3空：主语lanterns为复数，与动词paint是被动关系，故填are painted；
4. 第4空：主语a light source为单数，与动词add是被动关系，故填is added；
5. 第5空：主语they指代过去的candles，与动词replace是被动关系，they为复数，故填are replaced；
6. 第6空：主语a lot of care为不可数名词，与动词put是被动关系，故填is put；
7. 第7空：主语tradition为单数，与动词keep是被动关系，故填is kept。
【答案】(1) is made (2) is covered (3) are painted (4) is added (5) are replaced (6) is put (7) is kept
【知识点】一般现在时被动语态，动词适当形式填空
【点评】本题以中国灯笼制作为话题，考查被动语态在语境中的运用，需学生结合语境判断主被动，再根据主语单复数确定be动词，是基础语法的实际应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
