登录
C
A long time ago the Mongols (蒙古人) ruled China. The Hans wanted to force the Mongols back to Mongolia, but they could not find a way to organize their army. Zhu Yuanzhang was a hero of the Han people. He wanted to overthrow (推翻) the Mongols. One day, he was talking to his adviser Liu Bowen.
SCENE ONE
Zhu Yuanzhang: The Mid-Autumn Festival is coming, Liu Bowen, but we haven’t succeeded! The Mongols watch us so closely! Even in our own homes!
Liu Bowen: Mooncakes...
Zhu Yuanzhang: What?
Liu Bowen: The Festival tradition—exchanging mooncakes. The Mongols allow it, right?
Zhu Yuanzhang: Of course! But what of it?
Liu Bowen: We hide messages inside. Instructions for attack (攻击)!
Zhu Yuanzhang: You are going to risk our plans on mooncakes?
Liu Bowen: Each cake carries the orders. When families cut them open...
Zhu Yuanzhang: They’ll know when to attack! But how to give them out without being noticed by the Mongols?
Liu Bowen: The Mongols regard it as a harmless custom. They won’t doubt if we just give our friends mooncakes.
Zhu Yuanzhang: Excellent! We’ll put “festival wishes” inside each mooncake!
SCENE TWO (Mid-Autumn Festival night)
Mongol Soldier: (laughing at a villager) Your mooncakes taste terrible! Still making a wish to useless gods?
Villager: (bowing low, hiding anger) Just... normal offerings, sir.
Mongol Soldier: (throwing mooncakes aside) Foolish Han traditions!
SCENE THREE (Midnight)
Zhu Yuanzhang: Tonight, we clean our homes! For Hans—ATTACK!
Liu Bowen: Burn their flags! The Yuan Dynasty ends tonight!
(The Hans in the village fought against Mongol Soldiers...)
Zhu Yuanzhang: (raising his bloodied sword) The Ming Dynasty begins today!
In this way, in 1368, mooncakes—sweet symbols of unity (团结)—became tools of *revolution*. The story reminds us that although something may seem common in our daily life, they can make a big difference to the history at some special moment.
(
A. Because they hadn’t got together with their family successfully.
B. Because they hadn’t made enough mooncakes to enjoy the festival.
C. Because they failed to run away from their homes to safe places.
D. Because they had problems finding a proper way to organize their army.
(
A. Villagers.
B. Orders.
C. Mooncakes.
D. Plans.
(
A. Improving something slowly.
B. Going back to the past situation.
C. Changing the government of a country.
D. Moving in a circle around something.
(
A. Mongol rulers don’t care about Han culture.
B. Zhu Yuanzhang isn’t so smart as Liu Bowen.
C. Small traditions can be important to change history.
D. Traditional festivals are the best time to start a war.
A long time ago the Mongols (蒙古人) ruled China. The Hans wanted to force the Mongols back to Mongolia, but they could not find a way to organize their army. Zhu Yuanzhang was a hero of the Han people. He wanted to overthrow (推翻) the Mongols. One day, he was talking to his adviser Liu Bowen.
SCENE ONE
Zhu Yuanzhang: The Mid-Autumn Festival is coming, Liu Bowen, but we haven’t succeeded! The Mongols watch us so closely! Even in our own homes!
Liu Bowen: Mooncakes...
Zhu Yuanzhang: What?
Liu Bowen: The Festival tradition—exchanging mooncakes. The Mongols allow it, right?
Zhu Yuanzhang: Of course! But what of it?
Liu Bowen: We hide messages inside. Instructions for attack (攻击)!
Zhu Yuanzhang: You are going to risk our plans on mooncakes?
Liu Bowen: Each cake carries the orders. When families cut them open...
Zhu Yuanzhang: They’ll know when to attack! But how to give them out without being noticed by the Mongols?
Liu Bowen: The Mongols regard it as a harmless custom. They won’t doubt if we just give our friends mooncakes.
Zhu Yuanzhang: Excellent! We’ll put “festival wishes” inside each mooncake!
SCENE TWO (Mid-Autumn Festival night)
Mongol Soldier: (laughing at a villager) Your mooncakes taste terrible! Still making a wish to useless gods?
Villager: (bowing low, hiding anger) Just... normal offerings, sir.
Mongol Soldier: (throwing mooncakes aside) Foolish Han traditions!
SCENE THREE (Midnight)
Zhu Yuanzhang: Tonight, we clean our homes! For Hans—ATTACK!
Liu Bowen: Burn their flags! The Yuan Dynasty ends tonight!
(The Hans in the village fought against Mongol Soldiers...)
Zhu Yuanzhang: (raising his bloodied sword) The Ming Dynasty begins today!
In this way, in 1368, mooncakes—sweet symbols of unity (团结)—became tools of *revolution*. The story reminds us that although something may seem common in our daily life, they can make a big difference to the history at some special moment.
(
D
)38. Why did Zhu Yuanzhang say “but we haven’t succeeded” in SCENE ONE?A. Because they hadn’t got together with their family successfully.
B. Because they hadn’t made enough mooncakes to enjoy the festival.
C. Because they failed to run away from their homes to safe places.
D. Because they had problems finding a proper way to organize their army.
(
C
)39. What does the underlined word “them” refer to?A. Villagers.
B. Orders.
C. Mooncakes.
D. Plans.
(
C
)40. What does the underlined word “revolution” mean?A. Improving something slowly.
B. Going back to the past situation.
C. Changing the government of a country.
D. Moving in a circle around something.
(
C
)41. What does the story mainly tell us?A. Mongol rulers don’t care about Han culture.
B. Zhu Yuanzhang isn’t so smart as Liu Bowen.
C. Small traditions can be important to change history.
D. Traditional festivals are the best time to start a war.
答案
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇历史故事。文章讲述了朱元璋和刘伯温利用中秋节赠送月饼的传统习俗，将起义的指令藏在月饼中，成功组织汉人反抗蒙古统治，最终建立明朝的故事。
38. D 推理判断题。根据“The Hans wanted to force the Mongols back to Mongolia, but they could not find a way to organize their army.”以及下文“The Mongols watch us so closely! Even in our own homes!”可推知，朱元璋说“我们还没有成功”是因为他们在组织军队方面遇到了困难。故选 D。
39. C 代词指代题。根据文章 SCENE ONE 中“We hide messages inside. Instructions for attack! ”以及后文“They'll know when to attack! But how to give them out without being noticed by the Mongols?”可推知，“them”指代的是含有指令的“月饼”。故选 C。
40. C 词义猜测题。根据“mooncakes... became tools of revolution”以及上下文可知，这里的“revolution”指推翻元朝统治、建立明朝的“革命”，即改变国家政权。故选 C。
41. C 主旨大意题。根据“The story reminds us that although something may seem common in our daily life, they can make a big difference to the history at some special moment.”可推知，故事主要告诉我们小传统可能对改变历史很重要。故选 C。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇历史故事。文章讲述了朱元璋和刘伯温利用中秋节赠送月饼的传统习俗，将起义的指令藏在月饼中，成功组织汉人反抗蒙古统治，最终建立明朝的故事。
38. D 推理判断题。根据“The Hans wanted to force the Mongols back to Mongolia, but they could not find a way to organize their army.”以及下文“The Mongols watch us so closely! Even in our own homes!”可推知，朱元璋说“我们还没有成功”是因为他们在组织军队方面遇到了困难。故选 D。
39. C 代词指代题。根据文章 SCENE ONE 中“We hide messages inside. Instructions for attack! ”以及后文“They'll know when to attack! But how to give them out without being noticed by the Mongols?”可推知，“them”指代的是含有指令的“月饼”。故选 C。
40. C 词义猜测题。根据“mooncakes... became tools of revolution”以及上下文可知，这里的“revolution”指推翻元朝统治、建立明朝的“革命”，即改变国家政权。故选 C。
41. C 主旨大意题。根据“The story reminds us that although something may seem common in our daily life, they can make a big difference to the history at some special moment.”可推知，故事主要告诉我们小传统可能对改变历史很重要。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先通读全文梳理故事脉络：本文讲述了朱元璋起义时利用中秋月饼传递起义指令，推翻元朝建立明朝的相关典故。之后对应每道题的题干关键词回原文定位推导答案：
1. 第38题找到朱元璋说"but we haven't succeeded"的上下文，结合开篇给出的汉人起义受阻的背景信息，就能匹配正确原因。
2. 第39题代词指代题，往前追溯前文提到的、计划要分发的物品，结合藏指令在月饼里的设定就能判断指代对象。
3. 第40题词义猜测题，结合推翻旧王朝建立新王朝的故事背景，匹配单词的实际含义。
4. 第41题主旨题直接定位文章最后一段的总结句，就能提炼出故事传递的核心道理。
【解析】
38. 推理判断题：原文开篇明确提到"The Hans wanted to force the Mongols back to Mongolia, but they could not find a way to organize their army."，同时朱元璋还提到蒙古人对他们监视极严，说明他们迟迟没有进展的原因是找不到合适的方法组织军队起义。A选项"没成功和家人团聚"、B选项"没做够月饼过节"、C选项"没法逃到安全地方"都不符合原文内容，因此选D。
39. 代词指代题：前文刘伯温提出把攻击指令藏在月饼里，让大家切月饼的时候就能收到起义通知，朱元璋紧接着问"But how to give them out without being noticed by the Mongols?"，也就是询问怎么把这些藏了指令的月饼分发出去不被蒙古人发现，因此这里的them指代的是月饼。A村民、B命令、D计划都不符合"分发"动作的逻辑，因此选C。
40. 词义猜测题：故事里汉人推翻蒙古人建立的元朝，开启了全新的明朝，属于推翻旧政权建立新政权的革命行为，因此revolution的含义是改变国家的政权。A"缓慢改良事物"、B"回到过去状态"、D"绕着某物转圈"都不符合语境，因此选C。
41. 主旨大意题：文章最后一段直接点明主旨"The story reminds us that although something may seem common in our daily life, they can make a big difference to the history at some special moment."，也就是看似普通的日常事物（这里指中秋送月饼的传统）也能在特殊时刻影响历史，对应小传统对改变历史有重要意义。A"蒙古统治者不关心汉文化"、B"朱元璋不如刘伯温聪明"、D"传统节日是开战的最佳时机"都不是文章要表达的核心，因此选C。
【答案】38.D 39.C 40.C 41.C
【知识点】阅读理解细节推理，代词指代辨析，主旨大意归纳
【点评】本题属于文化历史类故事阅读，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读的所有高频考点，所有答案都能通过定位上下文找到明确依据，不需要脱离原文主观臆断，同时还能帮助学生了解月饼相关的趣味历史典故，积累传统文化相关的阅读素材。
【难度系数】0.7
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先通读全文梳理故事脉络：本文讲述了朱元璋起义时利用中秋月饼传递起义指令，推翻元朝建立明朝的相关典故。之后对应每道题的题干关键词回原文定位推导答案：
1. 第38题找到朱元璋说"but we haven't succeeded"的上下文，结合开篇给出的汉人起义受阻的背景信息，就能匹配正确原因。
2. 第39题代词指代题，往前追溯前文提到的、计划要分发的物品，结合藏指令在月饼里的设定就能判断指代对象。
3. 第40题词义猜测题，结合推翻旧王朝建立新王朝的故事背景，匹配单词的实际含义。
4. 第41题主旨题直接定位文章最后一段的总结句，就能提炼出故事传递的核心道理。
【解析】
38. 推理判断题：原文开篇明确提到"The Hans wanted to force the Mongols back to Mongolia, but they could not find a way to organize their army."，同时朱元璋还提到蒙古人对他们监视极严，说明他们迟迟没有进展的原因是找不到合适的方法组织军队起义。A选项"没成功和家人团聚"、B选项"没做够月饼过节"、C选项"没法逃到安全地方"都不符合原文内容，因此选D。
39. 代词指代题：前文刘伯温提出把攻击指令藏在月饼里，让大家切月饼的时候就能收到起义通知，朱元璋紧接着问"But how to give them out without being noticed by the Mongols?"，也就是询问怎么把这些藏了指令的月饼分发出去不被蒙古人发现，因此这里的them指代的是月饼。A村民、B命令、D计划都不符合"分发"动作的逻辑，因此选C。
40. 词义猜测题：故事里汉人推翻蒙古人建立的元朝，开启了全新的明朝，属于推翻旧政权建立新政权的革命行为，因此revolution的含义是改变国家的政权。A"缓慢改良事物"、B"回到过去状态"、D"绕着某物转圈"都不符合语境，因此选C。
41. 主旨大意题：文章最后一段直接点明主旨"The story reminds us that although something may seem common in our daily life, they can make a big difference to the history at some special moment."，也就是看似普通的日常事物（这里指中秋送月饼的传统）也能在特殊时刻影响历史，对应小传统对改变历史有重要意义。A"蒙古统治者不关心汉文化"、B"朱元璋不如刘伯温聪明"、D"传统节日是开战的最佳时机"都不是文章要表达的核心，因此选C。
【答案】38.D 39.C 40.C 41.C
【知识点】阅读理解细节推理，代词指代辨析，主旨大意归纳
【点评】本题属于文化历史类故事阅读，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读的所有高频考点，所有答案都能通过定位上下文找到明确依据，不需要脱离原文主观臆断，同时还能帮助学生了解月饼相关的趣味历史典故，积累传统文化相关的阅读素材。
【难度系数】0.7
