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一、阅读理解。
I was lying under a tree and didn't know what was happening around me. My body was hot. I had a terrible headache. A few minutes later, I was on my way to the hospital.
It was a hot summer day. I, along with hundreds of other runners, came to Beijing for a running race. Halfway through the race, I started to feel dizzy. I didn't want to give up, so I decided to go on. But it was too hot, and before I could finish the race, I fell down.
Some people said I had heatstroke. Later, however, I learned I had heat exhaustion. What's the difference?
If we exercise too long in the heat, our bodies can lose too much water and get too hot and we will experience heat exhaustion. If so, our body temperature will increase. We will feel tired and want to drink water. Often, we have a headache. If you get heat exhaustion, find a cool place right away. Drink enough water and rest. Soon you can get better. If you don't do these, heat exhaustion may turn into heatstroke.
Heatstroke is very dangerous. It happens when one's body gets too hot from being in hot weather for too long. If someone has heatstroke, his body temperature will go up to 40℃ or even higher. They need to see a doctor at once. They won't get better without treatment. People who get heatstroke will feel dizzy, breathe fast and even die.
During the summer months, please be very careful when you're out in the sun.
(
A. giving reasons
B. showing numbers
C. sharing an experience
D. answering a question
(
A. Rise up.
B. Fall down.
C. Fall ill.
D. Die down.
(
①They make people feel dizzy.
②They make body temperature go up.
③People need a long time to get better from them.
④People get them for staying too long in hot weather.
A. ①②③
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ②③④
(
A. tell readers why he gave up the race
B. show the importance of drinking water
C. ask people to be careful in hot weather
D. advise people to stop doing exercise in summer
I was lying under a tree and didn't know what was happening around me. My body was hot. I had a terrible headache. A few minutes later, I was on my way to the hospital.
It was a hot summer day. I, along with hundreds of other runners, came to Beijing for a running race. Halfway through the race, I started to feel dizzy. I didn't want to give up, so I decided to go on. But it was too hot, and before I could finish the race, I fell down.
Some people said I had heatstroke. Later, however, I learned I had heat exhaustion. What's the difference?
If we exercise too long in the heat, our bodies can lose too much water and get too hot and we will experience heat exhaustion. If so, our body temperature will increase. We will feel tired and want to drink water. Often, we have a headache. If you get heat exhaustion, find a cool place right away. Drink enough water and rest. Soon you can get better. If you don't do these, heat exhaustion may turn into heatstroke.
Heatstroke is very dangerous. It happens when one's body gets too hot from being in hot weather for too long. If someone has heatstroke, his body temperature will go up to 40℃ or even higher. They need to see a doctor at once. They won't get better without treatment. People who get heatstroke will feel dizzy, breathe fast and even die.
During the summer months, please be very careful when you're out in the sun.
(
C
)1. The writer starts the passage by sharing an experience
.A. giving reasons
B. showing numbers
C. sharing an experience
D. answering a question
(
A
)2. What does the underlined word "increase" mean in Paragraph 4?A. Rise up.
B. Fall down.
C. Fall ill.
D. Die down.
(
B
)3. What do heat exhaustion and heatstroke have in common?①They make people feel dizzy.
②They make body temperature go up.
③People need a long time to get better from them.
④People get them for staying too long in hot weather.
A. ①②③
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ②③④
(
C
)4. The writer writes the passage mainly toask people to be careful in hot weather
.A. tell readers why he gave up the race
B. show the importance of drinking water
C. ask people to be careful in hot weather
D. advise people to stop doing exercise in summer
答案
一、1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文理清行文逻辑：作者先讲述自己参加跑步赛事时身体不适被送医的亲身经历，引出热衰竭和中暑的区别这一科普主题，最后给出夏季高温外出的提示。逐题思考路径如下：第1题判断开篇方式，直接对应第一段的内容属性即可选出答案；第2题词义猜测，结合前后文的语境逻辑推导体温的变化趋势；第3题找两种病症的共同点，用排除法排除明显错误的表述就能快速锁定选项；第4题主旨大意题，重点关注文章末尾的收尾句，就能明确作者的写作目的。
【解析】
1. 文章开篇第一段描述了作者身体不适、被送往医院的亲身经历，以此引出后续关于热相关病症的科普内容。A选项“给出原因”、B选项“展示数字”、D选项“回答问题”都不符合开篇特征，因此选C。
2. 划线词所在句的前文提到，长时间在高温下运动身体会流失大量水分、整体过热，结合后文提到中暑时体温会升到40℃甚至更高的描述，可推知此处表达体温会上升。A选项“上升”符合语义，B选项“下降”、C选项“生病”、D选项“减弱”均不符合语境，因此选A。
3. 对比两种病症的特征：①两者都会让人感到头晕，表述正确；②两者都会让人体温升高，表述正确；③热衰竭只要及时转移到凉爽区域、补水休息很快就能好转，不需要长时间恢复，该表述错误；④两种病症都是人在高温环境下停留过久引发的，表述正确。排除带错误表述③的选项，可知①②④正确，选B。
4. 文章最后一段直接点明核心写作意图，提醒读者夏季在阳光下外出时要格外小心高温风险。A选项作者并没有讲述自己放弃比赛的相关内容，B选项“展示喝水的重要性”只是局部细节不是全文主旨，D选项“建议人们夏天停止运动”属于无中生有，因此选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题属于健康科普类阅读理解，整体难度适中，既考察学生快速定位原文细节的能力，也考察词义推导和主旨总结的能力，第三题的异同对比类题目可以用排除法快速筛除错误选项，提升解题效率。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先通读全文理清行文逻辑：作者先讲述自己参加跑步赛事时身体不适被送医的亲身经历，引出热衰竭和中暑的区别这一科普主题，最后给出夏季高温外出的提示。逐题思考路径如下：第1题判断开篇方式，直接对应第一段的内容属性即可选出答案；第2题词义猜测，结合前后文的语境逻辑推导体温的变化趋势；第3题找两种病症的共同点，用排除法排除明显错误的表述就能快速锁定选项；第4题主旨大意题，重点关注文章末尾的收尾句，就能明确作者的写作目的。
【解析】
1. 文章开篇第一段描述了作者身体不适、被送往医院的亲身经历，以此引出后续关于热相关病症的科普内容。A选项“给出原因”、B选项“展示数字”、D选项“回答问题”都不符合开篇特征，因此选C。
2. 划线词所在句的前文提到，长时间在高温下运动身体会流失大量水分、整体过热，结合后文提到中暑时体温会升到40℃甚至更高的描述，可推知此处表达体温会上升。A选项“上升”符合语义，B选项“下降”、C选项“生病”、D选项“减弱”均不符合语境，因此选A。
3. 对比两种病症的特征：①两者都会让人感到头晕，表述正确；②两者都会让人体温升高，表述正确；③热衰竭只要及时转移到凉爽区域、补水休息很快就能好转，不需要长时间恢复，该表述错误；④两种病症都是人在高温环境下停留过久引发的，表述正确。排除带错误表述③的选项，可知①②④正确，选B。
4. 文章最后一段直接点明核心写作意图，提醒读者夏季在阳光下外出时要格外小心高温风险。A选项作者并没有讲述自己放弃比赛的相关内容，B选项“展示喝水的重要性”只是局部细节不是全文主旨，D选项“建议人们夏天停止运动”属于无中生有，因此选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
本题属于健康科普类阅读理解，整体难度适中，既考察学生快速定位原文细节的能力，也考察词义推导和主旨总结的能力，第三题的异同对比类题目可以用排除法快速筛除错误选项，提升解题效率。
【难度系数】
0.7
