Ⅱ.按要求改写句子,每空一词
11. She's finished her homework.（改为一般疑问句）
she her homework?
12. Jenny had already cleaned the room.（改为否定句）
Jenny the room .
13. By the time he arrived, the train had left.（对画线部分提问）
the train ?
14. Emma couldn't believe her eyes when she saw the huge cake.（改为同义句）
Emma stared at the huge cake .
15. Susan had never been to China before, ?（完成反意疑问句）

11. Has;finished 12. hadn't cleaned;yet
13. When did;leave 14. in disbelief 15. had she

【分析】
本题考查英语时态相关的句式转换及同义句、反意疑问句的用法。11题需将现在完成时的陈述句改为一般疑问句，需提前助动词；12题将过去完成时的肯定句改为否定句，注意already变yet；13题对时间状语提问，用对应的疑问词并调整时态结构；14题转换同义短语；15题反意疑问句遵循“前否后肯”规则，结合时态助动词完成。
【解析】
11. 原句为现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，改为一般疑问句时，将助动词has提前至句首，其余部分不变，故填Has;finished。
12. 原句为过去完成时，结构是“had + 过去分词”，改为否定句时，在助动词had后加not，缩写为hadn't；肯定句中的already在否定句中需改为yet，置于句末，故填hadn't cleaned;yet。
13. 划线部分是时间状语“By the time he arrived”，提问时间用疑问词When；原句是过去完成时，对动作提问时，借助助动词did，后面动词用原形leave，故填When did;leave。
14. “couldn't believe her eyes”意为“不敢相信自己的眼睛”，同义表达为介词短语in disbelief，作状语，故填in disbelief。
15. 反意疑问句遵循“前否后肯”原则，前面陈述句有否定词never，故后面用肯定形式；原句助动词是had，主语是she，故填had she。
【答案】
11. Has;finished 12. hadn't cleaned;yet 13. When did;leave 14. in disbelief 15. had she
【知识点】
现在完成时、过去完成时、反意疑问句
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，主要考查时态的句式转换（一般疑问句、否定句）、特殊疑问句、同义句转换及反意疑问句的用法，需掌握不同时态的结构特点及句式变化规则，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4

二、拓展阅读
Ⅲ.图表阅读
Many injuries（伤害）happen suddenly. For example,if you fall off a bicycle and break your arm,it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes,so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remembto look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer,the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you,the light will reflect（反射）on the screen. If the windows are in front of you,the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Hand and wrist（手腕）injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time,follow these three rules:
（1）Rest your wrists on something.
（2）Keep your elbows（手肘）at the same height as the keyboard.
（3）Stop sometimes and exercise your hands,wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some peopsit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in a wrong way,you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms,wrists and hands should all be parallel（平行）to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time,get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms,legs and neck.
Enjoy your computer,but use it safely.
16. Which kind of injuries may happen slowly?
A. You use your computer correctly.
B. You fall off a bicycle and break your arm.
C. You sit in a wrong way for many hours in front of a computer.
17. How far should you keep your eyes from the screen?
A. At least 30 cm.
B. At least 50 cm.
C. At least 70 cm.
18. Which can best be for ""?
A. Your hands and wrists.
B. Your head and neck.
C. Your legs and feet

16. C 17. B 18. A

【分析】
本题为阅读理解细节题，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，逐一比对选项与原文内容，排除错误选项得出答案。16题需定位“缓慢发生的伤害”相关内容；17题需定位“眼睛与屏幕的距离”描述；18题需梳理文章各部分对应身体部位的结构，确定缺失段落的主题。
【解析】
16题：根据原文第一段“But computer injuries happen slowly.”可知电脑相关伤害是缓慢发生的。A选项是正确使用电脑（不属于伤害），B选项是摔自行车断胳膊（突然伤害），C选项是长时间错误坐姿用电脑（属于电脑相关的缓慢伤害），故选C。
17题：根据原文第二段“Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen.”可知眼睛需离屏幕至少50厘米，对应选项B。
18题：文章依次讲解眼睛、手和手腕、背部的电脑伤害，缺失段落的主题是手和手腕，对应选项A。
【答案】
16.C 17.B 18.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解，信息定位
【点评】
本题为基础阅读理解细节题，难度较低，只需准确定位原文对应内容即可选出答案，考查学生快速提取文本关键信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅳ. 阅读还原
Imagine life as a game where you juggle five balls: work, family, health, friends, and spirit. Work is like a rubber(橡胶) ball—if you drop it, it bounces(弹跳) back. But the other four are like glass balls. 19. So, keep your life balanced. How?
20. It is because we are different and each of us is special.
Don't let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for you.
Don't give up when you still have something to offer. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.
Don't be afraid to fight difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave.
Don't shut love out of your life by saying it's impossible. 21. The fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly(紧紧地). The best way to keep love is to give it wings.
Don't run through life so fast that you forget not only where you've been, but also where you are going.
Don't be afraid to learn. Knowledge is weightless. It's a treasure(珍宝) you can always carry easily.
22. You can't get them back.
Life is not a competition, but a trip, step by step. Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, and today is a gift; that's why we call it "the present".
A. Don't use time or words carelessly.
B. If you drop one, it breaks and can't be fixed.
C. The quickest way to receive love is to give it.
D. Always put work first because it's the most important ball.
E. Don't look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others.

19. B 20. E 21. C 22. A

【分析】
做阅读还原题需结合上下文语境和逻辑关系分析每个空：19题前文将工作比作橡胶球（掉落会弹回），其他四个是玻璃球，玻璃球的特性是掉落会破碎无法修复，对应选项B；20题后文提到“我们不同且每个人特别”，说明前文是关于不要和他人比较自身价值，对应选项E；21题前文说不要拒绝爱，后文讲失去爱的最快方式，中间应是获得爱的最快方式，对应选项C；22题后文提到“你无法找回它们”，说明前文是关于不要随意对待时间或话语，对应选项A。
【解析】
19. 前文把工作比作橡胶球（掉落会弹回），其他四个是玻璃球，玻璃球与橡胶球特性不同，掉落会破碎且无法修复，故选B；
20. 后文“我们不同且每个人特别”，说明前文是不要通过和他人比较来否定自身价值，故选E；
21. 前文强调不要拒绝爱，后文讲失去爱的最快方式，此处应对应获得爱的最快方式，故选C；
22. 后文“你无法找回它们”，说明前文是关于不要随意对待时间或话语，故选A。
【答案】
19. B 20. E 21. C 22. A
【知识点】
阅读还原、上下文逻辑推理
【点评】
本题为英语阅读还原题，考查学生对文章语境和逻辑关系的理解，需结合前后文内容匹配合适选项，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.7