八、首字母填空。（10 分）
$Jo is 15 and lives in Parkville. When Jo's grandparents first came to Parkville fifty years ago, it was a quiet v\underline{1}. At that time, they had a small house with some fields.$
$Parkville was c\underline{2} to a big city, Arnwick. People from the countryside began to move to Arnwick to find jobs. Of course they needed places to l\underline{3} in. However, it was expensive to live in the centre of Arnwick, so the city government d\underline{4} to build flats around the edge($边缘$) of the city. Soon, Parkville b\underline{5} a suburb($郊区) of Arnwick. Jo's family lived in one of those new flats—there was no space for small houses any more.
$The small local school in Parkville has a\underline{6} closed down. Jo goes to a school near the centre of Arnwick. It t\underline{7} longer to get to school, and this adds to the traffic pressure($压力$) and p\underline{8}.$
$Big cities mean more p\underline{9} sometimes. For example, Arnwick needs larger hospitals and more doctors, more buses and fewer private($私人的$) cars. It also n\underline{10} more laws and more police, and more taxes($税收) to pay for everything. It is difficult to run a big city.
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1. village 2. close 3. live 4. decided 5. became 6. already 7. takes 8. pollution 9. problems 10. needs

【分析】首字母填空需先通读全文理解主旨，再结合上下文语境、固定搭配、时态及语法结构推断单词，最后验证语义和语法是否通顺。本文讲述了Parkville从乡村发展为Arnwick郊区的过程及带来的相关变化，以此为依据逐空分析即可。
【解析】1. 根据“fifty years ago”及“quiet”可知，50年前Parkville是安静的村庄，结合首字母v填village；2. 固定搭配be close to表示“靠近”，符合Parkville与Arnwick的位置关系，填close；3. 句意“需要居住的地方”，不定式to后接动词原形，结合首字母l填live；4. 政府因市中心居住贵决定建公寓，时态为一般过去时，结合首字母d填decided；5. 句意“Parkville变成Arnwick的郊区”，一般过去时，结合首字母b填became；6. 句意“当地小学校已经关闭”，结合首字母a填already；7. 固定句型It takes +时间+ to do sth，主语it为第三人称单数，结合首字母t填takes；8. 句意“增加交通压力和污染”，结合首字母p填pollution；9. 后文举例大城市需更多资源，可知大城市意味着更多问题，结合首字母p填problems；10. 句意“需要更多法律、警察等”，主语it为第三人称单数，结合首字母n填needs。
【答案】1. village 2. close 3. live 4. decided 5. became 6. already 7. takes 8. pollution 9. problems 10. needs
【知识点】词汇运用；固定搭配；时态运用
【点评】本题为初中英语基础首字母填空题，考查学生对语境的理解、常用固定搭配及核心词汇的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑和语法规则作答，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7

九、书面表达。(15 分)
请你写一篇作文,描述你的家乡近几十年的变化。请从马路、住房条件、交通设施等方面进行描述。80 词左右。
内容提示:1. 过去,我的家乡是一个贫穷的小镇,道路又窄又脏,到处都是垃圾,人们住在又旧又小的平房里,出行只能靠步行或骑自行车;
2. 然而,在过去的三十年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化,马路已经变得宽阔、整洁,道路两边高楼林立,大多数人已经搬进社区,住进了现代化的公寓,出行坐公交车或打出租车,很多人买了小汽车。

One possible version:
My hometown used to be a poor and small town. The roads were narrow and dirty. There was rubbish everywhere. People lived in old and small houses. They could only travel on foot or by bike.
However, great changes have taken place in the past thirty years. The roads have become wide and clean with tall buildings on both sides. Most people have moved into the community and have lived in modern flats. Now they can go around by bus or taxi, and many people have their own cars.

【分析】
本次写作任务是描述家乡近几十年的变化，需围绕马路、住房、交通设施三个核心方面展开。写作时分两部分：第一部分用一般过去时描述过去的家乡状况（贫穷小镇、窄脏道路、旧小平房、步行/骑车出行）；第二部分用现在完成时描述近三十年的巨大变化（宽净马路、高楼、现代公寓、公交/出租/私家车出行），需控制字数在80词左右，语言准确流畅，覆盖所有提示要点。
【解析】
1. 确定时态：描述过去的情况用一般过去时，描述近三十年的变化（对现在的影响）用现在完成时；
2. 结构安排：先总述过去的家乡（My hometown used to be a poor and small town...），再分述道路、住房、出行的过去状况；接着转折写变化（However, great changes have taken place...），对应写道路、住房、出行的变化；
3. 语言运用：使用核心短语如used to, take place, move into等，确保语句通顺，符合词数要求。
【答案】
One possible version:
My hometown used to be a poor and small town. The roads were narrow and dirty. There was rubbish everywhere. People lived in old and small houses. They could only travel on foot or by bike.
However, great changes have taken place in the past thirty years. The roads have become wide and clean with tall buildings on both sides. Most people have moved into the community and have lived in modern flats. Now they can go around by bus or taxi, and many people have their own cars.
【知识点】
英语书面表达、一般过去时、现在完成时
【点评】
该作文紧扣题目要求，全面覆盖马路、住房、交通三个方面的变化，时态运用准确恰当，结构清晰，语言简洁流畅，符合80词左右的要求，是一篇符合标准的书面表达。
【难度系数】
0.5