2026年同步练习册山东友谊出版社七年级英语下册鲁教版第1页答案
根据所学语音知识,按画线部分的读音
将下列单词分类。
compare solve personality average
population pleasure appearance
serious attend fact
1. /ɒ/:
solve, population

2. /ə/:
compare, personality

3. /e/:
pleasure, attend

4. /ɪə/:
appearance, serious

5. /æ/:
average, fact

答案

1. solve, population
2. compare, personality
3. pleasure, attend
4. appearance, serious
5. average, fact

解析

【分析】
要完成单词按画线部分读音分类,需先逐个确定每个单词画线字母/字母组合的发音,再将发音相同的单词对应归入题目给出的音标类别中。具体步骤为:1. 明确题目要求的5个音标类别;2. 逐一分析每个单词画线部分的读音;3. 将读音匹配的单词归类到对应音标组。
【解析】
1. solve中o的发音为/ɒ/,population中o的发音为/ɒ/,因此归为/ɒ/类;
2. compare中o的发音为/ə/,personality中o的发音为/ə/,归为/ə/类;
3. pleasure中ea的发音为/e/,attend中e的发音为/e/,归为/e/类;
4. appearance中ea的发音为/ɪə/,serious中e的发音为/ɪə/,归为/ɪə/类;
5. average中a的发音为/æ/,fact中a的发音为/æ/,归为/æ/类。
【答案】
1. solve, population
2. compare, personality
3. pleasure, attend
4. appearance, serious
5. average, fact
【知识点】
英语音标识别、字母及字母组合发音
【点评】
本题考查基础英语单词的音标分类,核心是掌握常见单词中字母及字母组合的读音,属于语音部分的基础练习题,能帮助学生巩固音标与单词发音的对应关系。
【难度系数】
0.5
二、词汇
(一) 根据音标提示,写出所缺单词的正确
形式。
1. My sister is quiet and a little
shy
/ʃaɪ/.
2. Mr Smith is poor because he's
lazy

/'leɪzi/.
3. Would you please play the music
louder

/'laʊdə/?
4. My brother is more
outgoing
/ˌaʊt'ɡəʊɪŋ/
than me.
5. I wish to see you
perform
/pə'fɔːm/.
6. Here is a
congratulation
/kənˌɡrætʃə'leɪʃn/
letter to you.
7. My sister won her first
prize
/praɪz/
in the art festival.
8. Mr Smith, could you
spare
/speə(r)/
me a few minutes?
9. Do you know the
population
/ˌpɒpju'leɪʃn/
of this country?
10. We spent a
pleasant
/'pleznt/ day in
the country yesterday.

答案

1. shy 2. lazy 3. louder
4. outgoing 5. perform
6. congratulation 7. prize
8. spare 9. population 10. pleasant

解析

【分析】
本题要求根据音标提示写出正确的英语单词,解题思路是:先准确识别每个音标的发音,回忆对应发音的常见英语单词,再结合句子语境验证单词的正确性,同时注意单词的拼写规则、重音位置以及词性变化,确保写出的单词符合音标和句意要求。
【解析】
1. 音标/ʃaɪ/对应单词shy,意为“害羞的”,符合描述妹妹性格的语境;
2. 音标/'leɪzi/对应单词lazy,意为“懒惰的”,解释了史密斯先生贫穷的原因;
3. 音标/'laʊdə/对应单词louder,是loud的比较级,修饰动词play,意为“更大声地”,符合语境;
4. 音标/ˌaʊt'ɡəʊɪŋ/对应单词outgoing,意为“外向的”,句中与more构成比较级,符合句意;
5. 音标/pə'fɔːm/对应单词perform,意为“表演”,符合“希望看你表演”的语境;
6. 音标/kənˌɡrætʃə'leɪʃn/对应单词congratulation,意为“祝贺”,congratulation letter是固定搭配“祝贺信”;
7. 音标/praɪz/对应单词prize,意为“奖品”,won first prize表示“获得一等奖”,符合语境;
8. 音标/speə(r)/对应单词spare,意为“抽出(时间)”,spare sb a few minutes是固定表达“给某人抽几分钟时间”;
9. 音标/ˌpɒpju'leɪʃn/对应单词population,意为“人口”,the population of...是固定搭配“……的人口”;
10. 音标/'pleznt/对应单词pleasant,意为“愉快的”,修饰day,符合“在乡下度过愉快的一天”的语境。
【答案】
1. shy 2. lazy 3. louder 4. outgoing 5. perform 6. congratulation 7. prize 8. spare 9. population 10. pleasant
【知识点】
根据音标写单词、英语词汇拼写
【点评】
本题为基础词汇题,主要考查学生对常见英语单词音标及拼写的掌握,要求学生能准确将音标转换为对应单词并结合语境验证,难度较低,适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7
(二) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Mrs Brown and her students
are talking

(talk) about the musical festival now.
2. Who dances
better
(good), Emma or
Alice?
3. Congratulations on
winning
(win) the
prize.
4. Bob runs as
fast
(fast) as me.
5. I think Alice is
more hard-working
(hard-working)
than you.
6. It gives me great
pleasure
(pleasant) to
welcome you here today.
7. Mary always worries about her
appearance

(appear).
8. My brother usually gets up
earlier

(early) than me.
9. Hi! You two! How are you
different

(difference) from each other?
10. The students
performed
(perform) very
well at the music festival last Sunday.

答案

1. are talking 2. better
3. winning 4. fast
5. more hard-working 6. pleasure
7. appearance 8. earlier
9. different 10. performed

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语基础语法与词汇运用,涵盖时态、形容词/副词比较级、词性转换及固定搭配。解题时需根据句中时间标志词、比较语境、介词用法、固定结构等判断单词的正确形式:1. 由now判断用现在进行时;2. 两者比较用副词比较级;3. 介词on后接动名词;4. as...as结构用原级;5. than表比较,多音节形容词变比较级加more;6. 形容词great后接名词;7. 形容词性物主代词her后接名词;8. than表比较,副词变比较级;9. 固定搭配be different from用形容词;10. last Sunday表过去,用动词过去式。
【解析】
1. 句中now是现在进行时标志,主语为复数,结构为are + doing,故填are talking;
2. Emma和Alice是两者比较,修饰动词dances用副词well,其比较级为better,故填better;
3. congratulations on是固定搭配,on为介词,后接动词ing形式,win的动名词是winning,故填winning;
4. as...as结构中用副词原级修饰动词runs,故填fast;
5. than表两者比较,hard-working是多音节形容词,比较级加more,故填more hard-working;
6. great是形容词,后接名词,pleasant的名词形式是pleasure,故填pleasure;
7. her是形容词性物主代词,后接名词,appear的名词形式是appearance,故填appearance;
8. than表两者比较,修饰动词gets up用副词early,其比较级是earlier,故填earlier;
9. 固定搭配be different from表示“与……不同”,需用形容词different,故填different;
10. last Sunday是一般过去时标志,perform的过去式是performed,故填performed。
【答案】
1. are talking 2. better 3. winning 4. fast 5. more hard-working 6. pleasure 7. appearance 8. earlier 9. different 10. performed
【知识点】
现在进行时;形容词与副词比较级;词性转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型,侧重考查核心语法规则的运用,涵盖时态、比较级、词性转换等基础考点,学生需熟练掌握各类语法结构的用法,整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6