登录
五、阅读理解。
Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon dioxide, a harmful gas. However, scientists don't know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers have discovered the world's largest seagrass meadow (grassland) on the seafloor near the Bahamas.
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish, shellfish and so on. Large sea animals, such as sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach.
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite trackers (卫星跟踪器) on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass.
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they had expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on the Earth. The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow.
Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved.
1. Which italic (斜体的) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3?
A. Is there a map of China in the classroom?
B. Amy mapped out her plans for the new project.
C. It is the West Lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map.
D. The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is.
2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The reason for the study.
B. The method to do the research.
C. The finding of the research.
D. The difficulty in carrying out the study.
3. Why does the writer write the passage?
A. To tell the importance of saving sharks.
B. To express the strong love for tiger sharks.
C. To share a new way of doing undersea research.
D. To introduce a special project on global warming.
Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon dioxide, a harmful gas. However, scientists don't know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers have discovered the world's largest seagrass meadow (grassland) on the seafloor near the Bahamas.
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish, shellfish and so on. Large sea animals, such as sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach.
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite trackers (卫星跟踪器) on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass.
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they had expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on the Earth. The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow.
Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved.
1. Which italic (斜体的) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3?
A. Is there a map of China in the classroom?
B. Amy mapped out her plans for the new project.
C. It is the West Lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map.
D. The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is.
2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The reason for the study.
B. The method to do the research.
C. The finding of the research.
D. The difficulty in carrying out the study.
3. Why does the writer write the passage?
A. To tell the importance of saving sharks.
B. To express the strong love for tiger sharks.
C. To share a new way of doing undersea research.
D. To introduce a special project on global warming.
答案
五、1. D 推理判断题。根据画线词所在句可知，在注意到虎鲨在巴哈马群岛附近的海草中游动后，一位美国科学家与一位海草专家合作，试图绘制这些植物的位置图，故此处map意为“绘制……的位置”。分析四个选项可知，选项D表示“警方已成功绘制出失踪男孩的位置”，符合题意。
2. C 段落大意题。根据The researchers found及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了研究的发现。
3. C 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了海草的重要性、科学家如何利用虎鲨进行海底研究以及他们在巴哈马群岛发现的世界最大的海草草地。这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解，故作者的写作目的是分享这种新的海底研究方式。
2. C 段落大意题。根据The researchers found及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了研究的发现。
3. C 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了海草的重要性、科学家如何利用虎鲨进行海底研究以及他们在巴哈马群岛发现的世界最大的海草草地。这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解，故作者的写作目的是分享这种新的海底研究方式。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读理解，我们可以按题型逐个突破：
1. 第一题是熟词生义辨析题，首先回到原文第三段找到划线词map的语境：科学家和海草专家合作，想要明确海草的分布位置，把这些位置信息整理标注出来，先确定这里map是动词，含义是“测绘、定位标注…的位置”，之后逐个分析四个选项里map的词性和含义，找到和原文用法、语义完全匹配的选项即可。
2. 第二题是段落大意题，直接定位到第4段，找段落的主题句，段落开头就出现了“The researchers found…”的表述，后续内容都是围绕这次研究得到的结果展开，直接对应选项即可，排除和本段内容无关的选项。
3. 第三题是写作目的推断题，通读全文梳理脉络：文章先介绍海草的价值和难以观测的现状，接着介绍科学家借助虎鲨开展研究的过程，最后提到后续还会用海龟开展更多海底研究，核心是向读者介绍这种借助海洋动物开展海底科研的创新方法，逐一排除偏离核心主旨的错误选项就能得到答案。
【解析】
1. 第一题：原文中划线词map是动词，语境是科学家想要标注出海草的分布位置，含义为“测绘、定位…的位置”。选项A中map是名词，意为“地图”，不符合；选项B中mapped out意为“规划、安排”，指规划项目计划，不符合原文含义；选项C中put…on the map是固定搭配，意为“使…出名”，不符合；选项D中mapped是动词，意为“定位标注、测绘位置”，和原文划线词含义完全一致。
2. 第二题：第4段首句直接点明研究人员得到了超出预期的海草分布相关结果，后续内容介绍了新发现让已知海草总量提升41%，全部内容都围绕本次研究的成果展开，“研究的原因”“研究的方法”“研究的难度”都不是第4段的核心内容，只有“研究的发现”符合段落主旨。
3. 第三题：全文没有提及要呼吁保护鲨鱼，也没有表达对虎鲨的喜爱，排除A、B选项；文章仅在开头提到海草可以固碳缓解全球变暖，并没有围绕全球变暖的专项项目展开，排除D选项；全文核心是介绍科学家借助虎鲨、后续还要借助海龟这类海洋生物开展海底海草调研的全新研究方式，对应C选项。
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
熟词生义辨析；段落大意概括；写作目的推断
【点评】
本题属于科普类说明文阅读，考点覆盖了中学英语阅读高频的三类题型，既考察学生结合上下文推断熟词生义的能力，也锻炼学生快速抓取段落核心、梳理全文主旨的阅读技巧，同时内容也能让学生了解到趣味的跨学科科研思路，拓展科普视野。
【难度系数】
0.65
拿到这篇阅读理解，我们可以按题型逐个突破：
1. 第一题是熟词生义辨析题，首先回到原文第三段找到划线词map的语境：科学家和海草专家合作，想要明确海草的分布位置，把这些位置信息整理标注出来，先确定这里map是动词，含义是“测绘、定位标注…的位置”，之后逐个分析四个选项里map的词性和含义，找到和原文用法、语义完全匹配的选项即可。
2. 第二题是段落大意题，直接定位到第4段，找段落的主题句，段落开头就出现了“The researchers found…”的表述，后续内容都是围绕这次研究得到的结果展开，直接对应选项即可，排除和本段内容无关的选项。
3. 第三题是写作目的推断题，通读全文梳理脉络：文章先介绍海草的价值和难以观测的现状，接着介绍科学家借助虎鲨开展研究的过程，最后提到后续还会用海龟开展更多海底研究，核心是向读者介绍这种借助海洋动物开展海底科研的创新方法，逐一排除偏离核心主旨的错误选项就能得到答案。
【解析】
1. 第一题：原文中划线词map是动词，语境是科学家想要标注出海草的分布位置，含义为“测绘、定位…的位置”。选项A中map是名词，意为“地图”，不符合；选项B中mapped out意为“规划、安排”，指规划项目计划，不符合原文含义；选项C中put…on the map是固定搭配，意为“使…出名”，不符合；选项D中mapped是动词，意为“定位标注、测绘位置”，和原文划线词含义完全一致。
2. 第二题：第4段首句直接点明研究人员得到了超出预期的海草分布相关结果，后续内容介绍了新发现让已知海草总量提升41%，全部内容都围绕本次研究的成果展开，“研究的原因”“研究的方法”“研究的难度”都不是第4段的核心内容，只有“研究的发现”符合段落主旨。
3. 第三题：全文没有提及要呼吁保护鲨鱼，也没有表达对虎鲨的喜爱，排除A、B选项；文章仅在开头提到海草可以固碳缓解全球变暖，并没有围绕全球变暖的专项项目展开，排除D选项；全文核心是介绍科学家借助虎鲨、后续还要借助海龟这类海洋生物开展海底海草调研的全新研究方式，对应C选项。
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. C
【知识点】
熟词生义辨析；段落大意概括；写作目的推断
【点评】
本题属于科普类说明文阅读，考点覆盖了中学英语阅读高频的三类题型，既考察学生结合上下文推断熟词生义的能力，也锻炼学生快速抓取段落核心、梳理全文主旨的阅读技巧，同时内容也能让学生了解到趣味的跨学科科研思路，拓展科普视野。
【难度系数】
0.65
