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五、(核心素养·文化意识)阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。
中国的餐桌礼仪
Chinese eating rules have a long history, just like a special story passed down. In China, there are many important eating manners we should follow. Among them, there are some key ones to follow. Let's learn together.
First, it's bad manners to start eating before everyone sits down. You should also let the elders eat first to show your respect. At dinner time, kids wait for grandparents to pick up chopsticks first. It shows our respect for the elders.
Second, you should use chopsticks rightly. Don't point at others with chopsticks—this is rude. Also, knocking at plates and bowls with chopsticks is not allowed, as it's like what beggars did long ago. If you want to serve food to others, it's better to use serving chopsticks.
Third, when you eat, don't make too much noise. It's better to chew(咀嚼) with your mouth closed to show good manners. And don't speak when your mouth is full of food.
Last, don't reach across the table for food. If there's a table which can turn, wait for it. If there's no such table, ask someone next to you for help.
These manners make meals happy and respectful. Let's follow them, and share the beauty of Chinese culture!
1. What shouldn't you do with chopsticks?
2. How many rules does the writer give about eating manners in China?
3. What other eating rules in China do you know?
中国的餐桌礼仪
Chinese eating rules have a long history, just like a special story passed down. In China, there are many important eating manners we should follow. Among them, there are some key ones to follow. Let's learn together.
First, it's bad manners to start eating before everyone sits down. You should also let the elders eat first to show your respect. At dinner time, kids wait for grandparents to pick up chopsticks first. It shows our respect for the elders.
Second, you should use chopsticks rightly. Don't point at others with chopsticks—this is rude. Also, knocking at plates and bowls with chopsticks is not allowed, as it's like what beggars did long ago. If you want to serve food to others, it's better to use serving chopsticks.
Third, when you eat, don't make too much noise. It's better to chew(咀嚼) with your mouth closed to show good manners. And don't speak when your mouth is full of food.
Last, don't reach across the table for food. If there's a table which can turn, wait for it. If there's no such table, ask someone next to you for help.
These manners make meals happy and respectful. Let's follow them, and share the beauty of Chinese culture!
1. What shouldn't you do with chopsticks?
I shouldn't point at others with chopsticks and shouldn't knock at plates and bowls with chopsticks.
2. How many rules does the writer give about eating manners in China?
Four/4.
3. What other eating rules in China do you know?
Don't waste food.（答案不唯一）
答案
1. I shouldn't point at others with chopsticks and shouldn't knock at plates and bowls with chopsticks. 2. Four/4. 3. Don't waste food.（答案不唯一）
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合短文内容解答问题。第1题定位短文关于筷子使用的描述，提取禁止行为；第2题数短文列出的餐桌规则条目；第3题结合中国餐桌礼仪常识作答，答案不唯一。
【解析】
1. 问题询问用筷子不能做的事，定位短文第二段关于筷子使用的内容，找到两个禁止行为：不能用筷子指他人、不能用筷子敲碗碟。
2. 问题问作者给出的规则数量，短文依次用First、Second、Third、Last列出，共4条规则。
3. 开放性问题，结合中国餐桌礼仪常识，如不浪费食物等，答案合理即可。
【答案】
1. I shouldn't point at others with chopsticks and shouldn't knock at plates and bowls with chopsticks.
2. Four/4.
3. Don't waste food.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、中国餐桌礼仪、信息提取
【点评】
本题结合英语阅读与中国传统文化，既考查从短文中提取信息的能力，又考查文化常识积累，难度适中，符合核心素养中文化意识的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合短文内容解答问题。第1题定位短文关于筷子使用的描述，提取禁止行为；第2题数短文列出的餐桌规则条目；第3题结合中国餐桌礼仪常识作答，答案不唯一。
【解析】
1. 问题询问用筷子不能做的事，定位短文第二段关于筷子使用的内容，找到两个禁止行为：不能用筷子指他人、不能用筷子敲碗碟。
2. 问题问作者给出的规则数量，短文依次用First、Second、Third、Last列出，共4条规则。
3. 开放性问题，结合中国餐桌礼仪常识，如不浪费食物等，答案合理即可。
【答案】
1. I shouldn't point at others with chopsticks and shouldn't knock at plates and bowls with chopsticks.
2. Four/4.
3. Don't waste food.（答案不唯一）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、中国餐桌礼仪、信息提取
【点评】
本题结合英语阅读与中国传统文化，既考查从短文中提取信息的能力，又考查文化常识积累，难度适中，符合核心素养中文化意识的考查要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
