四、选用方框内的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空。
wave date from smile leaf lie
1. Autumn is coming, and tree
2. It’s bad for you to
3. Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩)
4. These buildings
5. If I buy this cute gift in the shape of a blue whale for him, he will have a
wave date from smile leaf lie
1. Autumn is coming, and tree
leaves
turn yellow.2. It’s bad for you to
lie
on the bed for too long.3. Bing Dwen Dwen (冰墩墩)
waves
its left hand to say hello to the world.4. These buildings
date from
2010, and they are very famous now.5. If I buy this cute gift in the shape of a blue whale for him, he will have a
smile
on his face.答案
1. leaves 2. lie 3. waves 4. date from 5. smile
解析
【分析】
我们先梳理清晰解题思路:第一步先明确方框内所有备选词/短语的词义、词性和常见用法:wave(挥手,可作动词/名词)、date from(追溯到,动词短语)、smile(微笑,可作动词/名词)、leaf(叶子,名词)、lie(躺,动词)。第二步逐句分析句子的语境含义,先匹配空格对应的词义,再结合句子的语法规则(名词单复数、固定句型、主谓一致、固定搭配等)对单词进行正确形式变形,最后代入验证语义通顺即可。
逐句对应推导逻辑:第1句描述秋天树的某事物变黄,对应词义为“叶子”,泛指全部树叶需要用复数形式;第2句描述长时间在床上做某件不好的事,对应“躺”的含义,符合固定句型的动词使用要求;第3句描述冰墩墩挥手问好的动作,主语是第三人称单数,谓语要匹配人称变化;第4句描述建筑的建造时间溯源,对应短语date from,主语为复数谓语用原形;第5句描述脸上的神情,对应固定搭配“脸上带着笑容”,直接用名词原形即可。
【解析】
我们逐题推导正确形式:
1. 句意:秋天来了,树叶变黄了。备选词leaf意为“叶子”,此处表示树上的所有树叶,要用可数名词复数形式,leaf是不规则变化名词,变f为v加es,得到leaves。
2. 句意:在床上躺太久对你不好。备选词lie意为“躺”,本句符合固定句型It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth(做某事对某人来说是……的),空格处需要填动词原形,直接填lie。
3. 句意:冰墩墩挥动左手向世界问好。备选词wave意为“挥手”,句子描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语Bing Dwen Dwen是第三人称单数,谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式waves。
4. 句意:这些建筑追溯到2010年,现在它们非常有名。备选短语date from意为“追溯到”,该短语无被动语态、无进行时态,主语These buildings是复数,谓语动词用原形,直接填date from。
5. 句意:如果我给他买这个可爱的蓝鲸形状的礼物,他脸上会露出笑容。备选词smile意为“微笑”,固定搭配have a smile on one's face表示“脸上带着笑容”,填名词原形smile。
【答案】
1. leaves 2. lie 3. waves 4. date from 5. smile
【知识点】
名词复数变化,主谓一致,固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是基础的选词变形填空题,结合日常常见场景考察初中核心词汇的用法,需要学生注意可数名词的不规则复数变化、一般现在时的主谓一致规则,以及date from这类特殊短语的使用特点,整体侧重基础词汇的识记和语境运用,易错点是leaf的复数变形容易写错。
【难度系数】
0.8
我们先梳理清晰解题思路:第一步先明确方框内所有备选词/短语的词义、词性和常见用法:wave(挥手,可作动词/名词)、date from(追溯到,动词短语)、smile(微笑,可作动词/名词)、leaf(叶子,名词)、lie(躺,动词)。第二步逐句分析句子的语境含义,先匹配空格对应的词义,再结合句子的语法规则(名词单复数、固定句型、主谓一致、固定搭配等)对单词进行正确形式变形,最后代入验证语义通顺即可。
逐句对应推导逻辑:第1句描述秋天树的某事物变黄,对应词义为“叶子”,泛指全部树叶需要用复数形式;第2句描述长时间在床上做某件不好的事,对应“躺”的含义,符合固定句型的动词使用要求;第3句描述冰墩墩挥手问好的动作,主语是第三人称单数,谓语要匹配人称变化;第4句描述建筑的建造时间溯源,对应短语date from,主语为复数谓语用原形;第5句描述脸上的神情,对应固定搭配“脸上带着笑容”,直接用名词原形即可。
【解析】
我们逐题推导正确形式:
1. 句意:秋天来了,树叶变黄了。备选词leaf意为“叶子”,此处表示树上的所有树叶,要用可数名词复数形式,leaf是不规则变化名词,变f为v加es,得到leaves。
2. 句意:在床上躺太久对你不好。备选词lie意为“躺”,本句符合固定句型It's + 形容词 + for sb to do sth(做某事对某人来说是……的),空格处需要填动词原形,直接填lie。
3. 句意:冰墩墩挥动左手向世界问好。备选词wave意为“挥手”,句子描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语Bing Dwen Dwen是第三人称单数,谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式waves。
4. 句意:这些建筑追溯到2010年,现在它们非常有名。备选短语date from意为“追溯到”,该短语无被动语态、无进行时态,主语These buildings是复数,谓语动词用原形,直接填date from。
5. 句意:如果我给他买这个可爱的蓝鲸形状的礼物,他脸上会露出笑容。备选词smile意为“微笑”,固定搭配have a smile on one's face表示“脸上带着笑容”,填名词原形smile。
【答案】
1. leaves 2. lie 3. waves 4. date from 5. smile
【知识点】
名词复数变化,主谓一致,固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是基础的选词变形填空题,结合日常常见场景考察初中核心词汇的用法,需要学生注意可数名词的不规则复数变化、一般现在时的主谓一致规则,以及date from这类特殊短语的使用特点,整体侧重基础词汇的识记和语境运用,易错点是leaf的复数变形容易写错。
【难度系数】
0.8
五、阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每个单词或短语限用一次。(2024·江苏泰州姜堰区期中改编)
on the a an at
Look at this special man. There are so many lovely toys 1 his back. Who is he? Why does he hang so many toys on himself? The man is Yu Jingjing. He is a security guard (安保人员). He works 2 a children’s hospital in Dalian, Liaoning Province. His photo was posted online recently and caught great attention. People gave him 3 interesting nickname, “Toy Hero”.
“Every day, many sick children come here. I often find toys lost by them in the hospital. I pick them up and hang them on my back, making it easier for 4 children to find them. I’m a walking lost and found (失物招领处),” Yu said with 5 smile.
many worry grow up play read
However, few children come back for the toys, so more and more toys are hung on his back. As soon as sick children see Yu, they will stop crying and come 6 with him happily. Yu buys 7 toys with his own money. He walks in the hospital with the toys and gives them to the sick children. He is liked by the children coming to the hospital.
“A small toy can make a child happy. I’m very glad to do something for the sick children and their 8 parents. I hope every child can 9 happily and healthily,” Yu said. He also made a small sign and put it on his uniform (制服). It 10, “Please call me if you need help.” Many people are touched by his story, and call him “Toy Hero”.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
on the a an at
Look at this special man. There are so many lovely toys 1 his back. Who is he? Why does he hang so many toys on himself? The man is Yu Jingjing. He is a security guard (安保人员). He works 2 a children’s hospital in Dalian, Liaoning Province. His photo was posted online recently and caught great attention. People gave him 3 interesting nickname, “Toy Hero”.
“Every day, many sick children come here. I often find toys lost by them in the hospital. I pick them up and hang them on my back, making it easier for 4 children to find them. I’m a walking lost and found (失物招领处),” Yu said with 5 smile.
many worry grow up play read
However, few children come back for the toys, so more and more toys are hung on his back. As soon as sick children see Yu, they will stop crying and come 6 with him happily. Yu buys 7 toys with his own money. He walks in the hospital with the toys and gives them to the sick children. He is liked by the children coming to the hospital.
“A small toy can make a child happy. I’m very glad to do something for the sick children and their 8 parents. I hope every child can 9 happily and healthily,” Yu said. He also made a small sign and put it on his uniform (制服). It 10, “Please call me if you need help.” Many people are touched by his story, and call him “Toy Hero”.
1.
on
2.
at
3.
an
4.
the
5.
a
6.
to play
7.
more
8.
worried
9.
grow up
10.
reads
答案
1. on 2. at 3. an 4. the 5. a 6. to play
7. more 8. worried 9. grow up 10. reads
7. more 8. worried 9. grow up 10. reads
解析
【分析】
这道题是短文选词填空题,分为冠词介词组和实义词组两部分,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章讲述的是大连儿童医院安保人员于晶晶化身“玩具英雄”,用玩具安抚患病儿童的暖心故事。第一步先对应第一组给出的on/the/a/an/at五个词,结合固定搭配和冠词用法逐一匹配前5个空;第二步再对应第二组给出的many/worry/grow up/play/read五个词,结合上下文语义、语法变形规则匹配后5个空,注意每个词只能用一次,还要根据语法要求变换正确形式即可完成解题。
【解析】
1. 空1:固定搭配on one's back表示“在某人的背上”,句意为“有这么多可爱的玩具在他背上”,故填on。
2. 空2:表示在小地点工作,用介词at,at a children's hospital意为“在一家儿童医院”,故填at。
3. 空3:后面的interesting是以元音音素开头的单词,此处表示“一个有趣的昵称”,用不定冠词an,故填an。
4. 空4:此处特指前文提到的来医院的那些孩子,表特指用定冠词the,故填the。
5. 空5:固定搭配with a smile意为“面带微笑”,故填a。
6. 空6:句意为“他们会停止哭泣,开心地过来和他一起玩”,come后面接不定式表目的,故填to play。
7. 空7:句意为“他用自己的钱买更多的玩具”,此处暗含比之前的玩具数量更多的含义,用many的比较级more,故填more。
8. 空8:此处修饰名词parents,需要形容词,表达“担忧的家长”,worry的形容词形式是worried,故填worried。
9. 空9:情态动词can后面接动词原形,句意为“我希望每个孩子都能快乐健康地长大”,故填动词短语grow up。
10. 空10:此处表达标识上写着内容,动词用read,主语it是第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词变形为reads,故填reads。
【答案】
1. on 2. at 3. an 4. the 5. a 6. to play 7. more 8. worried 9. grow up 10. reads
【知识点】
介词固定搭配;冠词用法;词形转换
【点评】
本题选取贴近生活的暖心正能量故事作为语料,考点覆盖初中低年级核心的介词、冠词基础用法,同时兼顾非谓语动词、形容词变形、一般现在时主谓一致等考点,难度梯度平缓,学生只要熟练掌握基础搭配、结合上下文语义推导就能顺利完成,能够有效检验学生对基础词法的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7
这道题是短文选词填空题,分为冠词介词组和实义词组两部分,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章讲述的是大连儿童医院安保人员于晶晶化身“玩具英雄”,用玩具安抚患病儿童的暖心故事。第一步先对应第一组给出的on/the/a/an/at五个词,结合固定搭配和冠词用法逐一匹配前5个空;第二步再对应第二组给出的many/worry/grow up/play/read五个词,结合上下文语义、语法变形规则匹配后5个空,注意每个词只能用一次,还要根据语法要求变换正确形式即可完成解题。
【解析】
1. 空1:固定搭配on one's back表示“在某人的背上”,句意为“有这么多可爱的玩具在他背上”,故填on。
2. 空2:表示在小地点工作,用介词at,at a children's hospital意为“在一家儿童医院”,故填at。
3. 空3:后面的interesting是以元音音素开头的单词,此处表示“一个有趣的昵称”,用不定冠词an,故填an。
4. 空4:此处特指前文提到的来医院的那些孩子,表特指用定冠词the,故填the。
5. 空5:固定搭配with a smile意为“面带微笑”,故填a。
6. 空6:句意为“他们会停止哭泣,开心地过来和他一起玩”,come后面接不定式表目的,故填to play。
7. 空7:句意为“他用自己的钱买更多的玩具”,此处暗含比之前的玩具数量更多的含义,用many的比较级more,故填more。
8. 空8:此处修饰名词parents,需要形容词,表达“担忧的家长”,worry的形容词形式是worried,故填worried。
9. 空9:情态动词can后面接动词原形,句意为“我希望每个孩子都能快乐健康地长大”,故填动词短语grow up。
10. 空10:此处表达标识上写着内容,动词用read,主语it是第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词变形为reads,故填reads。
【答案】
1. on 2. at 3. an 4. the 5. a 6. to play 7. more 8. worried 9. grow up 10. reads
【知识点】
介词固定搭配;冠词用法;词形转换
【点评】
本题选取贴近生活的暖心正能量故事作为语料,考点覆盖初中低年级核心的介词、冠词基础用法,同时兼顾非谓语动词、形容词变形、一般现在时主谓一致等考点,难度梯度平缓,学生只要熟练掌握基础搭配、结合上下文语义推导就能顺利完成,能够有效检验学生对基础词法的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.7
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