五、根据文意及首字母提示完成短文。
Parents often tell their children the
$f \underline{1} about the world, for example:$
$"Wear a scarf, otherwise, you will c \underline{2}$
a cold" and "Camels store water in the
humps(驼峰) on their backs". But a new
book tells the truth about many facts we
$a \underline{3} without questioning from science,$
geography and history. The book shows
$that many of them are not r \underline{4}!$
We catch a cold because of a virus(病
毒$) i \underline{5} of getting cold. Why do many$
$of us catch the i \underline{6} in winter? Perhaps$
it's because we stay indoors, which makes
$it e \underline{7} for others to get ill, if someone$
among us has been ill already.
The reason why camels can walk
$a \underline{8} the sand for days is that there's$
much fat in their humps. When there is no
$f \underline{9} to eat, their bodies will use it.$
$Also, they have s \underline{10} skin and they$
won't lose water through their skin in the
desert sun.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

1. facts 2. catch 3. accept 4. right 5. instead 6. illness 7. easier 8. across 9. food 10. special

【分析】
本题是根据短文语境及首字母提示完成单词的英语题型，解题思路为：1. 先通读全文，把握文章主旨（纠正人们对部分常识的错误认知）；2. 逐句分析每个空格的语境、语法结构或固定搭配，结合给出的首字母推断合适的单词；3. 将推断出的单词代入原文，验证是否符合文意和逻辑。
【解析】
1. 句意：父母常告诉孩子关于世界的事实，后文提到“many facts”，结合首字母f，填facts；
2. 固定搭配“catch a cold”（感冒），结合首字母c，填catch；
3. 句意：我们不加质疑地接受来自科学、地理、历史的这些事实，结合首字母a，填accept；
4. 句意：这本书显示很多这些事实不是正确的，结合首字母r，填right；
5. 固定搭配“instead of”（而不是），句意：我们感冒是因为病毒而不是受凉，结合首字母i，填instead；
6. 句意：为什么我们很多人在冬天得这种病？结合首字母i，填illness；
7. 句意：待在室内让别人更容易生病，结合首字母e，用比较级easier；
8. 固定搭配“walk across”（穿过），句意：骆驼能在沙漠里走几天，结合首字母a，填across；
9. 句意：没有食物吃时，骆驼的身体会用驼峰里的脂肪，结合首字母f，填food；
10. 句意：它们有特殊的皮肤，不会在沙漠阳光下通过皮肤流失水分，结合首字母s，填special；
【答案】
1. facts 2. catch 3. accept 4. right 5. instead 6. illness 7. easier 8. across 9. food 10. special
【知识点】
英语首字母填空、固定搭配运用、语境理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对英语基础词汇的掌握、上下文语境的理解能力以及常用固定搭配的运用，是初中英语常见的基础题型，需要结合首字母和句意准确推断单词，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

六、翻译句子。
1. 我爸爸工作很忙。他已经一个星期没有回家了。
My father is busy with his work. He .
2. 这座古老的庙宇是当地文化和历史的象征。
This ancient temple is .
3. 这本关于自然景区的书我能借多久？
about places of natural beauty?
4. 事实上，过去几年里发生了很多变化。
In fact, in the past few years.
5. 他加入足球俱乐部有一个月了。
He for a month.
6. 有一个女孩站在苹果树下。
under the apple tree.
7. 深圳已经成为中国高新技术产业的重要中心。
Shenzhen of China’s high-tech industry.
8. 如果你喜欢古典园林，苏州和扬州是很棒的选择。
If you love classical gardens, Suzhou and Yangzhou .

1. hasn't been back home for a/one week
2. a symbol of the local culture and history
3. How long can I keep the book
4. many changes have taken place
5. has been in/has been a member of the football club
6. There is a girl standing
7. has become an important centre
8. are great choices

【分析】本题为英语句子填空题型，需结合中文提示、已给出的英文部分，运用英语语法（如现在完成时、延续性动词转换）、固定搭配、特殊句式等知识，匹配正确的英文表达，确保语法准确、语义通顺，符合英语表达习惯。
【解析】1. 由“已经一个星期”可知用现在完成时，“回家”对应be back home，否定形式为hasn't been back home，时间状语用for a/one week；2. “...的象征”固定搭配为a symbol of，“当地文化和历史”是the local culture and history；3. 对“多久”提问用How long，“借（延续性动词，针对书）”用keep，构成特殊疑问句How long can I keep the book；4. “很多变化发生”用现在完成时，take place为不及物短语，主语many changes，故为many changes have taken place；5. “加入俱乐部”是短暂动作，需转换为延续性表达，用has been in the football club或has been a member of the football club；6. 表示“有某人正在做某事”用There be sb doing sth结构，故为There is a girl standing；7. “已经成为”用现在完成时has become，“重要中心”是an important centre；8. “是很棒的选择”对应are great choices。
【答案】1. hasn't been back home for a/one week
2. a symbol of the local culture and history
3. How long can I keep the book
4. many changes have taken place
5. has been in/has been a member of the football club
6. There is a girl standing
7. has become an important centre
8. are great choices
【知识点】现在完成时、固定短语搭配、there be句型
【点评】本题考查英语基础句子的翻译与填空，涵盖核心语法、常用固定表达及特殊句式，注重基础应用，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】0.5