一、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一词。
1. Scientists have done many (研究) on how to improve memory.
2. If you aren't friendly to others, no one will be (可能的) to be friends with you.
3. China has (成功) in building the world's largest high-speed railway network.
4. You should turn (消极的) thoughts into good ones to keep yourself happy.
5. Both of the s have followed in their father's footsteps and become teachers.
6. After months of practice, the shy boy became more c in speaking English.
7. It is hard for me to accept this (a new or difficult task that tests sb.'s ability and skill) and I hope you can give me a suggestion.
8. Eating out may change the traditional ways of celebrating the Spring Festival, but the love between the family members (to be still in the same state or condition) the same.

1. studies 2. likely 3. succeeded 4. negative
5. sons 6. confident 7. challenge 8. remains

【分析】
本题为英语词汇填空题，需结合句意、中文提示、首字母或英文释义，同时依据语法规则（如名词单复数、动词时态、固定搭配等）确定单词的正确形式，每空限填一词，需注意单词拼写与语境匹配。
【解析】
1. 中文提示为“研究”，且many后需接可数名词复数，故填studies；
2. 固定搭配为be likely to do sth.，表示“可能做某事”，故填likely；
3. 由句中has可知为现在完成时，需用动词过去分词，“成功”的动词过去分词为succeeded，故填succeeded；
4. 中文提示为“消极的”，对应形容词negative，故填negative；
5. 首字母为s，结合句意“两个儿子追随父亲脚步成为教师”，both后接可数名词复数，故填sons；
6. 首字母为c，结合句意“练习后害羞的男孩说英语更自信”，become后接形容词，故填confident；
7. 英文释义为“考验能力的新/难任务”，对应名词challenge，故填challenge；
8. 英文释义为“保持相同状态”，主语the love为第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式，故填remains；
【答案】
1. studies 2. likely 3. succeeded 4. negative 5. sons 6. confident 7. challenge 8. remains
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词单复数、动词时态
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的语境运用，结合提示与语法规则确定单词形式，是英语学习的基础题型，注重词汇的实际应用。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. She is looking for a quiet place in the library (study) for the coming exam.
2. In many traditional families, good qualities (pass) on to children by their parents.
3. Even after failing many times, he still believes in (he) and never gives up easily.
4. He is afraid (make) mistakes in the exam, so he checks his paper very carefully.

1. to study 2. are passed 3. himself
4. to make

【分析】
本题为单词适当形式填空题，需结合语法规则和固定搭配解题：1. 第一题需用不定式表目的；2. 第二题主语是动作承受者，需用一般现在时被动语态；3. 第三题考查反身代词的固定搭配；4. 第四题考查固定搭配be afraid to do sth。
【解析】
1. 句意：她正在图书馆找一个安静的地方为即将到来的考试学习。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故将study变为to study。
2. 句意：在许多传统家庭里，良好的品质被父母传递给孩子。主语good qualities是动作pass的承受者，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时被动语态，结构为are+过去分词，故填are passed。
3. 句意：即使失败很多次后，他仍然相信自己，从不轻易放弃。固定搭配believe in oneself表示“相信自己”，主语是he，对应反身代词himself，故填himself。
4. 句意：他害怕在考试中犯错，所以他非常仔细地检查试卷。固定搭配be afraid to do sth意为“害怕做某事”，故将make变为to make。
【答案】1. to study 2. are passed 3. himself 4. to make
【知识点】非谓语动词、被动语态、反身代词
【点评】本题为初中英语基础题型，核心考查不定式、被动语态等基础语法及固定搭配，侧重基础知识应用，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.8

()1. China's Beidou System can now be directly to mobile phones, so we can find where the phones are even when there's no signal(信号).

A.pointed
B.remained
C.reported
D.connected

1. D

【分析】
本题考查动词词义辨析与语境理解，需结合句子语境分析各选项动词含义，选出符合逻辑的答案。
【解析】
句子使用被动语态（be+过去分词），需选择符合语境的动词过去分词。逐一辨析选项：A项pointed意为“指向、表明”，不符合北斗系统与手机关联的语境；B项remained意为“保持、逗留”，与句意无关；C项reported意为“报道、报告”，逻辑不符；D项connected意为“连接”，“be connected to”是固定搭配，表“与……连接”，契合“北斗系统直接与手机连接”的语境，故答案为D。
【答案】
D
【知识点】
动词词义辨析；固定搭配；被动语态
【点评】
本题为基础词汇题，通过辨析动词词义结合语境即可解题，需掌握常见动词的含义及固定搭配用法。
【难度系数】
0.7

()2. The teacher the mistakes in my homework and helped me correct them.

A.pointed at
B.pointed to
C.pointed out
D.pointed up

2. C

【分析】首先理解句子语境：句子表达“老师______我作业里的错误并帮我改正”，需要选择符合“指出错误”含义的point相关短语。接下来回忆各短语的用法：A选项pointed at指近距离指着具体的人或物；B选项pointed to指指向较远的事物或方向；C选项pointed out意为“指出（错误、问题等）”，符合语境；D选项pointed up不是常用的正确搭配，可直接排除。
【解析】本题考查point相关动词短语的辨析。逐一分析选项：
1. A项pointed at：侧重近距离地指着具体的人或事物，不符合“指出错误”的语境；
2. B项pointed to：侧重指向较远的事物或某个方向，也不符合题意；
3. C项pointed out：意为“指出（错误、问题等）”，恰好符合句子中老师指出作业错误的语境；
4. D项pointed up：无此常用固定搭配，直接排除。
综上，正确答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析；point的常用短语
【点评】本题是英语基础考点中的动词短语辨析题，考查学生对point相关常用短语含义及用法的掌握，属于需要牢记的基础知识点，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.6

()3. After years of hard work, all his efforts finally and he became a great artist.

A.paid for
B.paid back
C.paid off
D.paid out

3. C

【分析】首先明确本题考查pay相关动词短语的词义辨析，需结合句子语境判断合适的短语。先逐一分析各选项短语的含义，再匹配句子“经过多年努力，他的努力最终________，成为伟大艺术家”的语境，选出符合逻辑的选项。
【解析】逐一分析选项：A选项paid for意为“为……付钱；赔偿”，不符合“努力得到回报”的语境；B选项paid back意为“偿还；报答（多指还钱或报复）”，与语境不符；C选项paid off意为“取得成功；得到回报”，符合“努力最终获得回报”的语义；D选项paid out意为“付出（款项）”，不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语辨析；pay的短语用法
【点评】本题为基础词义辨析题，考查初中阶段常见的pay相关动词短语，需准确记忆各短语含义并结合语境判断，难度不大，侧重基础词汇积累。
【难度系数】0.6

()4. When I was learning to play the piano, I practised I could to improve my skills.

A.as quick as
B.as often as
C.as careful as
D.as slow as

4. B

【分析】本题考查“as + 原级 + as”结构的用法，需先判断空格处的词性（修饰动词用副词），再结合语境选择合适的副词。第一步，确定空格修饰动词practised，需用副词，排除形容词选项；第二步，根据“提高钢琴技能”的语境，选择表“经常”的副词，得出答案。
【解析】1. 词性判断：空格处修饰动词practised，需用副词。选项A（quick，快的）、C（careful，仔细的）、D（slow，慢的）均为形容词，不符合语法要求，排除；2. 语境匹配：学习钢琴时，为提升技能需尽可能经常练习，选项B（often，经常）是副词，符合语境与语法，故选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】副词的用法；as...as结构
【点评】本题结合语境考查副词修饰动词的基础用法，需掌握词性判断和语境理解，难度适中，属于常见考点。
【难度系数】0.6

()5. — Justin, we can join in the camping trip this weekend.
— good news! I am looking forward to it.

A.What
B.What a
C.How
D.How a

5. A

【分析】
本题考查感叹句的用法，解题时需先明确感叹句的两种核心结构，再结合句中中心词的词性和数来选择合适的引导词。
【解析】
感叹句有两种常见结构：①What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语+谓语！（修饰名词）；②How + 形容词/副词 + 主语+谓语！（修饰形容词/副词）。
本题中中心词是不可数名词news，不可数名词前不能加不定冠词a/an，因此需用What引导感叹句，对应选项A。
【答案】A
【知识点】感叹句的用法
【点评】本题为英语基础语法题，核心考查感叹句的结构规则，需牢记不可数名词前不用a/an的细节，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8

四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:自我提升 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★
From a guard at Peking University to a headmaster in Shanxi Province, Zhang Juncheng knows education can change people's lives.
Zhang came from 1. poor family in a small village. He was the 2. (young) of the seven children in the family. He gave up his studies after finishing middle school as the family was poor, and he tried different jobs. Later, 18-year-old Zhang decided to leave his hometown and see the wide world. After that, he 3. (become) a guard at Peking University. However, life as a guard was not easy. Because he didn't get much education, he met with many 4. (difficulty). He started to use his spare time to study. His efforts were 5. (notice) by a teacher. She allowed him 6. (take) her classes and told him he could take part in the college entrance exam. It was difficult, 7. nothing could stop him. Sadly, he did not pass the exam, so he began to prepare 8. the self-taught exam. 9. (final), he passed all the tests and entered Peking University.
Now Zhang works as the headmaster of a school. He said, "When I was a guard at Peking University, the teachers there offered 10. (I) great help. I want to offer more help to students who are just like me."

1. a 2. youngest 3. became 4. difficulties
5. noticed 6. to take 7. but 8. for 9. Finally
10. me

【分析】
本题为英语语篇填空，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配解题：1. 泛指单数可数名词前用不定冠词；2. 三者及以上比较用形容词最高级；3. 讲述过去经历用一般过去时；4. many后接可数名词复数；5. 被动语态需用过去分词；6. 固定搭配allow sb to do sth；7. 前后转折用连词；8. 固定搭配prepare for；9. 副词修饰句子；10. 动词后用人称代词宾格。
【解析】
1. 此处泛指“一个贫困家庭”，poor以辅音音素开头，故填a；2. 由“of the seven children”可知是三者以上的比较，用形容词最高级，故填youngest；3. 全文为过去的经历，用一般过去时，become的过去式是became，故填became；4. many修饰可数名词复数，difficulty的复数形式为difficulties，故填difficulties；5. 主语efforts与动词notice是被动关系，被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，故填noticed；6. 固定搭配allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事），故填to take；7. 前半句表困难，后半句表无法阻挡，为转折关系，故填but；8. 固定搭配prepare for（为……做准备），故填for；9. 此处修饰整个句子，需用副词，final的副词形式为Finally，故填Finally；10. 动词offer后需接人称代词宾格作宾语，I的宾格是me，故填me。
【答案】
1. a 2. youngest 3. became 4. difficulties 5. noticed 6. to take 7. but 8. for 9. Finally 10. me
【知识点】
基础语法；固定搭配；语境理解
【点评】
本题以励志人物经历为语篇，考查英语核心基础知识点，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固语篇填空的解题思路，熟悉各类基础语法与搭配的运用。
【难度系数】
0.7