2026年综合素质随堂反馈八年级英语上册译林版无锡专版第115页答案
一、词汇运用
1. His funny joke
caused
(使发生) everyone in the classroom to laugh loudly during the break.
2. Dear
madams
(女士), take your seats before the meeting starts!
3. The snowstorm last night
killed
(杀死) all the flowers in my garden.
4. We really enjoyed ourselves during our
stay
(停留) in Beijing.
5. One method of
solving
(解决) the problem is to further understand its cause.
6. The new electric cars are more
environment-friendly
(环保的) than traditional ones.
7. The government is stopping the companies from putting
wastewater
(废水) into the rivers.
8. Scientists are studying the
environmental
(environment) effects of rising ocean temperatures.
9. Reading a lot can increase your
knowledge
(know) and open up your mind.
10. The little girl cried
sadly
(sad) because she lost her favourite toy at the park.

答案

1. caused 2. madams 3. killed 4. stay 5. solving
6. environment-friendly 7. wastewater 8. environmental 9. knowledge
10. sadly

解析

【分析】
本题为英语词汇运用题,需结合句子语境、语法规则(时态、词性、固定搭配等)填写正确形式的单词。解题思路:先分析每个句子的时态确定动词形式,再判断所缺成分的词性,同时注意固定搭配、词性转换、名词单复数等规则,最终匹配对应词义的正确单词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意为“他的笑话让教室里每个人都大声笑”,“使发生”对应动词cause,句子描述过去的事,用一般过去时,故填caused;
2. “女士”对应名词madam,此处表复数概念,故填madams;
3. “杀死”对应动词kill,由“last night”可知用一般过去时,故填killed;
4. “停留”对应名词stay,符合“our stay in Beijing”的固定表达,故填stay;
5. 介词of后需接动名词,“解决”对应solve的动名词形式solving,故填solving;
6. “环保的”对应固定复合形容词environment-friendly,故填environment-friendly;
7. “废水”对应名词wastewater,为固定表达,故填wastewater;
8. 此处修饰名词effects,需用environment的形容词形式environmental,故填environmental;
9. 形容词性物主代词your后需接名词,know的名词形式为knowledge,故填knowledge;
10. 修饰动词cried需用副词,sad的副词形式为sadly,故填sadly。
【答案】
1. caused 2. madams 3. killed 4. stay 5. solving 6. environment-friendly 7. wastewater 8. environmental 9. knowledge 10. sadly
【知识点】
动词时态、词性转换、名词词义
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇的运用,涵盖动词时态、词性转换、固定搭配等核心知识点,题型常见,难度适中,能有效检验学生对基础词汇的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
B
) 1. Which of the following signs can we see in the forest?

答案

1.B

解析

【分析】首先明确每个选项对应的公共标志含义,再结合森林的场景判断适用的标志:A选项是禁止拍照标志,B选项是禁止烟火标志,C选项是禁止喧哗标志,D选项是禁止携带宠物标志。森林属于易燃区域,为防范火灾,通常会设置禁止烟火的标志,据此可推导答案。
【解析】逐一分析各标志的适用场景:A项禁止拍照标志,多出现于博物馆、美术馆等场所;B项禁止烟火标志,森林是易燃区域,为防止火灾,该标志常见于森林;C项禁止喧哗标志,常见于图书馆、医院等场所;D项禁止携带宠物标志,适用于特定公共管控区域。因此符合森林场景的是B选项。
【答案】B
【知识点】公共标志识别,生活常识
【点评】本题结合生活场景考查常见公共标志的含义,属于基础常识题,难度较低,需要学生掌握常见标志的用途与适用场景。
【难度系数】0.3
(
D
) 2. — I think that man is lazy. He always wears the same old T-shirt.
— Don't tell a book by its
. He is one of the brightest engineers.

A.beginning
B.meaning
C.word
D.cover

答案

2.D

解析

【分析】首先理解对话语境:前者以男人穿旧T恤为由认为他懒惰,后者反驳称不能以貌取人,该男人实则是顶尖工程师。需结合英语中表示“不能以貌取人”的固定谚语,匹配选项作答。
【解析】英语固定谚语“don't tell a book by its cover”意为“不能以貌取人”,契合对话中“勿凭外表判断人”的含义。选项A“beginning(开始)”、B“meaning(意思)”、C“word(单词)”均不符合该谚语搭配,只有D“cover(封面)”符合要求,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语谚语、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语常用谚语的固定搭配,结合对话语境即可快速选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
(
B
)3. The Art teacher encourages us
more works of art with our hands.

A.create
B.to create
C.creating
D.to creating

答案

3.B

解析

【分析】这道题考查动词固定搭配的用法,解题思路是回忆动词encourage的常用固定搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事),其中不定式to do作宾语补足语,据此判断需要选择带to的不定式形式,排除不符合搭配的选项。
【解析】动词encourage的固定用法为“encourage sb. to do sth.”,表示“鼓励某人做某事”,此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。选项A为动词原形、C为动名词、D为“to+动名词”结构,均不符合该搭配;只有B选项是“to+动词原形”的不定式结构,符合要求。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词固定搭配、动词不定式
【点评】本题考查英语中基础的动词固定搭配,属于语法类常考基础知识点,只要牢记encourage的用法即可轻松作答,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
(
B
) 4. Electric cars don't use any oil(汽油),
they produce much less air pollution.

A.but
B.so
C.or
D.if

答案

4.B

解析

【分析】先明确句子逻辑关系:前半句“电动汽车不用任何汽油”是原因,后半句“它们产生更少的空气污染”是结果,需选择表因果关系的连词。再逐一分析选项的含义与用法:A项but表转折,B项so表前因后果的因果关系,C项or表选择或假设,D项if表条件,据此确定答案。
【解析】句子意为“电动汽车不用任何汽油,所以它们产生更少的空气污染”。A项but(但是)表转折,不符合逻辑;B项so(所以)表因果关系,契合语境;C项or(或者;否则)表选择或假设,不适用;D项if(如果)表条件,不符合。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】连词辨析、因果连词
【点评】本题考查英语连词的词义辨析,核心是理清句子逻辑关系,属于基础题型,需掌握常见连词的用法。
【难度系数】0.8
(
C
) 5. I think the new laws can help
the safety problems in our school.

A.protect
B.cause
C.solve
D.produce

答案

5.C

解析

【分析】首先理解句子语境:新法律的作用是处理学校的安全问题。接着分析四个选项动词的含义:A.protect意为“保护”,B.cause意为“导致”,C.solve意为“解决”,D.produce意为“生产”。再结合“安全问题”的搭配逻辑,“解决问题”是合理表达,其他选项代入后语义不通,据此判断答案。
【解析】原句意为“我认为新法律能帮助解决我们学校的安全问题”。逐一分析选项:A.protect(保护),不与problems搭配,不符合语境;B.cause(导致),代入后与新法律的正面作用矛盾,排除;C.solve(解决),solve problems是固定搭配,符合句子逻辑;D.produce(生产),语义不通,排除。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】动词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础动词的词义辨析及语境运用,需掌握常见动词含义和搭配,结合句子逻辑即可解答,属于英语基础题。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A
) 6. When taking a test, check your answers to
that there are no mistakes.

A.make sure
B.find out
C.look forward to
D.care for

答案

6.A

解析

【分析】这是一道英语动词短语辨析题,解题思路为:先理解句子语境,再逐一分析各选项短语的含义,结合语境选出符合句意的短语。句子表达的是“考试时检查答案是为了确保没有错误”,需选表“确保”含义的短语。
【解析】逐一分析选项短语:A.make sure意为“确保,确信”;B.find out意为“找出,查明”;C.look forward to意为“期待,盼望”;D.care for意为“关心,照顾”。结合语境,检查答案的目的是确保无错误,只有A选项符合句意。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析,属于基础题型,需掌握常见短语含义并结合语境判断。
【难度系数】0.8
(
B
)7. — Your grandparents look energetic. What is their secret of staying fit?
— They keep the habit of taking exercise with a(n)
diet.

A.ordinary
B.balanced
C.creative
D.usual

答案

7.B

解析

【分析】这是一道形容词词义辨析题,解题思路为:先理解对话语境,明确对话围绕“保持健康的秘诀”展开,需搭配符合健康要求的饮食相关形容词;再逐一分析选项含义,结合固定搭配和语境选出正确答案。
【解析】首先翻译对话:——你的祖父母看起来精力充沛,他们保持健康的秘诀是什么?——他们保持锻炼的习惯,加上均衡的饮食。接着分析选项:A.ordinary意为“普通的”,不符合健康饮食的特定要求;B.balanced意为“平衡的”,balanced diet是固定搭配,意为“均衡饮食”,符合语境;C.creative意为“有创造力的”,与饮食无关;D.usual意为“通常的”,无法体现健康饮食的特点。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义辨析及常用固定短语,需掌握常见形容词的含义和与diet搭配的常用表达,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
三、完成句子
1. 去年他建立了自己的公司。
He
set up
his own company last year.
2. 盐城自然保护区位于江苏省东北部,是许多野生丹顶鹤的家园。
Yancheng Nature Reserve, which is
in the north-east of
Jiangsu Province, is home to many wild red-crowned cranes.
3. 父母应该尽量使孩子们免受网络的危害。
Parents should try
to keep children free from
the harm of the internet.
4. 据说久坐会导致多种疾病。
It's said that sitting for too long can
lead to many (kinds of) illnesses
.
5. 这片茂密的树林为野生动物们提供了躲避处和食物。
The thick forest
provides cover and food for the wildlife/provides the wildlife with cover and food/offers cover and food to the wildlife/offers the wildlife cover and food
.

答案

1. set up 2. in the north-east of
3. to keep children free from 4. lead to many (kinds of) illnesses
5. provides cover and food for the wildlife/provides the wildlife with cover and food/offers cover and food to the wildlife/offers the wildlife cover and food

解析

【分析】
本题为英语完成句子题,需结合语境、时间状语、固定短语及句型结构解题:第1题根据时间状语last year确定时态,结合“建立公司”的固定短语作答;第2题需掌握内部方位的表达结构;第3题运用try to do及keep sb free from的固定搭配;第4题结合“导致疾病”的动词短语及情态动词用法;第5题运用provide/offer的固定搭配及主谓一致规则。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语为last year,需用一般过去时,“建立(公司)”的固定动词短语为set up,set的过去式与原形一致,故填set up;
2. 表达“在江苏省(范围内的)东北部”,方位介词用in,“东北部”为north-east,故填in the north-east of;
3. 固定搭配try to do sth(尽力做某事),以及keep sb free from sth(使某人免受……),故填to keep children free from;
4. “导致”对应动词短语lead to,“多种疾病”为many (kinds of) illnesses,情态动词can后接动词原形,故填lead to many (kinds of) illnesses;
5. 固定搭配有provide sth for sb / provide sb with sth / offer sth to sb / offer sb sth,主语the thick forest为第三人称单数,一般现在时,故谓语用provides/offers,结合宾语结构,填对应的正确表达(如provides cover and food for the wildlife等)。
【答案】
1. set up 2. in the north-east of 3. to keep children free from 4. lead to many (kinds of) illnesses 5. provides cover and food for the wildlife/provides the wildlife with cover and food/offers cover and food to the wildlife/offers the wildlife cover and food
【知识点】
固定短语搭配、方位介词用法、动词句型结构
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的固定短语、方位表达及动词句型,属于日常英语学习的核心基础题型,只要平时积累相关搭配与规则,即可顺利完成,侧重基础知识的运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、完形填空
Many men over 50 enjoy nothing more than a bit of peace and quiet.
1
it's not like that for Wang Jiangang who instead chose to plant trees in the Gobi Desert.
Wang has everything a man could want—a successful business(事业)and a happy family. Yet his decision(决定)to plant trees in the desert has made his life quite
2
.
In June 2015, Wang went to Ejine of Inner Mongolia with some partners to do a survey. On the day they arrived, a sandstorm caught them. The dark yellow
3
clouded the sky. “Our cars were
4
by sand and stones,” he thought back. When the sandstorm
5
stopped, he found there was nothing in the desert—no road, no grass.
Wang and his partners started
6
trees in the same year. For years, they couldn’t put up tents
7
the heavy sandstorms. They had to drive 200 kilometres to buy machine parts, and they didn’t even have enough water. However,
8
of these could make them give up.
“I’ve always hoped to do something bigger. That’s
9
I decided to build greenbelts in the desert,” Wang said. Till now, Wang’s team has planted 20 666 hectares(公顷)of trees. Some have grown to 2 metres high, and a single tree can fix(固定)10 square metres of sand and
10
it from being destroyed by the wind. “Trees can live up to thousands of years. They are good for our children and our children’s children,” Wang said.
(
A
) 1. A. But B. So C. And D. Or
(
B
) 2. A. unlucky B. unusual C. unimportant D. unhappy
(
A
) 3. A. sand B. storm C. wind D. stone
(
D
) 4. A. dried B. flown C. filled D. covered
(
C
) 5. A. seriously B. lately C. finally D. correctly
(
A
) 6. A. planting B. building C. searching D. cleaning
(
B
) 7. A. thanks to B. because of C. as for D. instead of
(
D
) 8. A. all B. each C. any D. none
(
C
) 9. A. when B. where C. why D. how
(
B
)10. A. cause B. prevent C. raise D. divide

答案

1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B

解析

【分析】做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨(本文讲述王江刚放弃安逸生活,在戈壁沙漠种树的事迹),再结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配及逻辑关系逐一分析每个空,最后验证答案是否符合文意。
【解析】
1. 考查连词辨析。前文提到很多50岁以上男性喜欢安静,后文说王江刚选择去戈壁种树,前后为转折关系,故选A.But。
2. 考查形容词辨析。王江刚本有成功事业和幸福家庭,去沙漠种树让他的生活变得不寻常,unusual符合语境,故选B。
3. 考查名词辨析。前文提到沙尘暴,此处指“黄沙云遮天蔽日”,sand符合沙尘暴特征,故选A。
4. 考查动词辨析。句意:我们的车被沙石覆盖,be covered by是固定搭配,意为“被……覆盖”,故选D。
5. 考查副词辨析。句意:当沙尘暴最终停止时,他发现沙漠里没有路、没有草,finally(最终)符合语境,故选C。
6. 考查动词辨析。句意:王和伙伴们在同年开始种树,plant trees是固定搭配,意为“种树”,故选A。
7. 考查短语辨析。句意:因为严重的沙尘暴,他们无法搭帐篷,because of后接名词短语(the heavy sandstorms),符合语境,故选B。
8. 考查代词辨析。句意:然而,这些困难都没能让他们放弃,none of表示“(三者及以上)都不”,符合语境,故选D。
9. 考查表语从句引导词。句意:这就是我决定在沙漠建防护林的原因,That's why...是固定句式,意为“这就是……的原因”,故选C。
10. 考查动词辨析。句意:单棵树能固定10平方米的沙子,防止它被风破坏,prevent...from doing是固定搭配,意为“防止……做某事”,故选B。
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B
【知识点】完形填空语境理解、连词用法、固定搭配
【点评】本文为记叙文,围绕人物事迹展开,侧重考查学生对上下文逻辑的把握及常用词汇、短语的辨析,是初中英语常见题型,需结合语境分析选项。
【难度系数】0.5