一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子
say, send, write, eat, think
1. This book
2. The lost keys
3. It
4. The cake
5. The sick boy must
say, send, write, eat, think
1. This book
was written
by a famous writer last year.2. The lost keys
were thought
to be in the car, but they weren't.3. It
is said
that she can cook better than a professional chef.4. The cake
wasn't eaten
because it was too sweet.5. The sick boy must
be sent
to the hospital at once.答案
1. was written
2. were thought
3. is said
4. wasn't eaten
5. be sent
2. were thought
3. is said
4. wasn't eaten
5. be sent
解析
【分析】
解题思路:先通读每个句子,确定句子主语与所给动词是主动还是被动关系(即主语是动作的发出者还是承受者),再结合句中的时间状语、固定句型或情态动词,确定动词的正确形式(被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”,be动词随时态、主语单复数变化)。
【解析】
1. 句子主语this book是动作write的承受者,表被动,时间状语last year提示用一般过去时,一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,book为单数,故填was written。
2. 主语the lost keys是动作think的承受者,表被动,后半句时态为一般过去时(weren't),故用一般过去时被动语态,keys为复数,填were thought。
3. 固定句型It is said that...意为“据说……”,是固定表达,故填is said。
4. 主语the cake是动作eat的承受者,表被动,后半句时态为一般过去时,且表否定(因太甜所以没被吃),故用一般过去时被动语态的否定形式wasn't eaten。
5. 情态动词must后接动词原形,主语the sick boy是动作send的承受者,表被动,故填be sent。
【答案】
1. was written
2. were thought
3. is said
4. wasn't eaten
5. be sent
【知识点】
一般过去时被动语态、情态动词被动语态、固定句型It is said that...
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心考点被动语态,涵盖不同时态的被动结构及固定句型,需准确判断主被动关系并掌握相关结构,属于基础应用类题目。
【难度系数】
0.5
解题思路:先通读每个句子,确定句子主语与所给动词是主动还是被动关系(即主语是动作的发出者还是承受者),再结合句中的时间状语、固定句型或情态动词,确定动词的正确形式(被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”,be动词随时态、主语单复数变化)。
【解析】
1. 句子主语this book是动作write的承受者,表被动,时间状语last year提示用一般过去时,一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,book为单数,故填was written。
2. 主语the lost keys是动作think的承受者,表被动,后半句时态为一般过去时(weren't),故用一般过去时被动语态,keys为复数,填were thought。
3. 固定句型It is said that...意为“据说……”,是固定表达,故填is said。
4. 主语the cake是动作eat的承受者,表被动,后半句时态为一般过去时,且表否定(因太甜所以没被吃),故用一般过去时被动语态的否定形式wasn't eaten。
5. 情态动词must后接动词原形,主语the sick boy是动作send的承受者,表被动,故填be sent。
【答案】
1. was written
2. were thought
3. is said
4. wasn't eaten
5. be sent
【知识点】
一般过去时被动语态、情态动词被动语态、固定句型It is said that...
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心考点被动语态,涵盖不同时态的被动结构及固定句型,需准确判断主被动关系并掌握相关结构,属于基础应用类题目。
【难度系数】
0.5
二、按要求完成句子
1. The poster was designed by a group of students.(对画线部分提问)
2. Potato chips were invented by mistake.(对画线部分提问)
3. The swimming pool was built in Joe's house last month.(对画线部分提问)
4. The students were praised because of their great progress.(对画线部分提问)
5. The music festival is held every summer.(改为一般疑问句)
1. The poster was designed by a group of students.(对画线部分提问)
Who
was
the poster designed by?2. Potato chips were invented by mistake.(对画线部分提问)
How
were
potato chips invented?3. The swimming pool was built in Joe's house last month.(对画线部分提问)
When
was
the swimming pool built
in Joe's house?4. The students were praised because of their great progress.(对画线部分提问)
Why
were
the students praised
?5. The music festival is held every summer.(改为一般疑问句)
Is
the music festival held
every summer?答案
1. Who was
2. How were
3. When was; built
4. Why were; praised
5. Is; held
2. How were
3. When was; built
4. Why were; praised
5. Is; held
解析
【分析】
首先观察所有句子均为被动语态结构(be+过去分词)。对画线部分提问时,需先判断画线部分的类型(人、方式、时间、原因等),选择对应疑问词,再将被动结构中的be动词提前,同时匹配主语的单复数;改为一般疑问句时,直接将被动结构中的be动词提前即可。
【解析】
1. 画线部分指人(a group of students),特殊疑问词用Who,原句be动词为was,提前后得到Who was。
2. 画线部分表方式(by mistake),特殊疑问词用How,主语potato chips为复数,be动词用were,提前后得到How were。
3. 画线部分表时间(last month),特殊疑问词用When,主语the swimming pool为单数,be动词用was,被动结构的过去分词为built,提前be动词后得到When was; built。
4. 画线部分表原因(because of their great progress),特殊疑问词用Why,主语students为复数,be动词用were,过去分词为praised,提前be动词后得到Why were; praised。
5. 原句为一般现在时被动语态,be动词为Is,改为一般疑问句直接将Is提前,过去分词为held,得到Is; held。
【答案】
1. Who was
2. How were
3. When was; built
4. Why were; praised
5. Is; held
【知识点】
被动语态、特殊疑问句、一般疑问句
【点评】
本题考查被动语态下的句型转换,涵盖特殊疑问句提问和一般疑问句改写,是初中英语的基础考点,需准确判断画线部分类型及be动词形式。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先观察所有句子均为被动语态结构(be+过去分词)。对画线部分提问时,需先判断画线部分的类型(人、方式、时间、原因等),选择对应疑问词,再将被动结构中的be动词提前,同时匹配主语的单复数;改为一般疑问句时,直接将被动结构中的be动词提前即可。
【解析】
1. 画线部分指人(a group of students),特殊疑问词用Who,原句be动词为was,提前后得到Who was。
2. 画线部分表方式(by mistake),特殊疑问词用How,主语potato chips为复数,be动词用were,提前后得到How were。
3. 画线部分表时间(last month),特殊疑问词用When,主语the swimming pool为单数,be动词用was,被动结构的过去分词为built,提前be动词后得到When was; built。
4. 画线部分表原因(because of their great progress),特殊疑问词用Why,主语students为复数,be动词用were,过去分词为praised,提前be动词后得到Why were; praised。
5. 原句为一般现在时被动语态,be动词为Is,改为一般疑问句直接将Is提前,过去分词为held,得到Is; held。
【答案】
1. Who was
2. How were
3. When was; built
4. Why were; praised
5. Is; held
【知识点】
被动语态、特殊疑问句、一般疑问句
【点评】
本题考查被动语态下的句型转换,涵盖特殊疑问句提问和一般疑问句改写,是初中英语的基础考点,需准确判断画线部分类型及be动词形式。
【难度系数】
0.6
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