四、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Do you wonder why you get angry so easily while your friend smiles all the time? It's probably because you two have different (personality). The personality is about how people think, behave, and react(作出反应) in different situations. So what (make) people think, behave and react in certain ways?
Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby (get) its blood type, genes, and other physical things it's still inside its mother. These things may help decide what the baby (be) like. But one's personality doesn't stop here. Family life, school education and life experiences can also make you person you are. This doesn't mean it's (possible) to change your personality. You can always try to make (you) better. Don't get too worried your shortcomings(缺点). Just accept them. This is a good way (start) making changes.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. personalities
2. makes
3. gets
4. when
5. will be
6. the
7. impossible
8. yourself
9. about
10. to start

【分析】
这是一道英语语篇填空题，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配完成填空。解题思路如下：
1. 第1空：different后需接可数名词复数，将所给名词personality变为复数形式；
2. 第2空：疑问词what作主语，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；
3. 第3空：主语a baby是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；
4. 第4空：此处需引导时间状语从句，表达“当……时”的含义；
5. 第5空：描述婴儿未来的状态，需用一般将来时；
6. 第6空：特指“你现在的这个人”，需用定冠词；
7. 第7空：根据语境逻辑，此处需用possible的反义词；
8. 第8空：结合固定用法，需用反身代词；
9. 第9空：结合固定搭配，需填介词；
10. 第10空：结合固定结构，需用不定式作后置定语。
【解析】
1. 考查名词复数：different后接可数名词复数，personality的复数形式为personalities，故填personalities；
2. 考查主谓一致：疑问词what作主语，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填makes；
3. 考查动词时态：主语a baby是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用gets，故填gets；
4. 考查连词：此处引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”，故填when；
5. 考查动词时态：描述婴儿未来的状态，用一般将来时will be，故填will be；
6. 考查冠词：特指“你现在的这个人”，用定冠词the，故填the；
7. 考查形容词：根据语境“这并不意味着不可能改变性格”，possible的反义词为impossible，故填impossible；
8. 考查反身代词：make oneself better是固定用法，主语对应反身代词yourself，故填yourself；
9. 考查固定搭配：be worried about是固定搭配，意为“担心……”，故填about；
10. 考查非谓语动词：a way to do sth是固定结构，用不定式作后置定语，故填to start。
【答案】
1. personalities
2. makes
3. gets
4. when
5. will be
6. the
7. impossible
8. yourself
9. about
10. to start
【知识点】
名词复数、主谓一致、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为英语语篇填空题，结合语境考察基础语法知识，注重学生语篇理解与语法运用能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读理解。（2025·江苏常州·期中）
You may disagree with your friends or family members in some cases. While disagreements can be uncomfortable, there are some steps you can take to make conversations more polite and meaningful.
Listen to their side
Even if you don't share someone's point of view, you can still listen to what they want to say. Show that you're paying attention by listening carefully without stopping them. Keep eye contact, nod and move your body towards the person you are listening to. Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they have said. You can start by saying, “OK. If I understand you, you are saying...”
Try respectful language
When someone has an opinion you don't agree with, it can be easy to dismiss(摒弃) it. Some people refute(驳斥) others' opinions by attacking or making fun of them. Here are some ways for you to express opinions with respect. Don't use rude words like “stupid”. Stay calm and start with “I” instead of “You”. For example, you might say “I feel” or “I see this in another way”. Also, make sure you will not use “We” language, even if you know others in your group agree with you.
▲
An opinion with feelings is weak. If you have a strong opinion, you can make a better case for it with facts. Facts are not based on personal feelings or guesses, they are true statements. Say what you would like to say in a calm voice and make sure your facts are from sources(来源) that can be trusted. If you are stopped, gently remind the person that you gave them a turn to speak and now you would like to speak. Then give the person a chance to reply.
Find common(共同的) ground
You may find that you can't change others' minds, and they may not change yours. Still, look for points you agree on. You may also gain a better understanding of each other's opinion. In the end, it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships with others.
()1. What does the writer mainly explain in Paragraph 2?
A. Why do you need to listen to others' side?
B. How can you show that you are listening?
C. What can you say to express your understanding?
D. When do you ask questions or repeat others' words?
()2. What way does the writer use to connect the ideas in Paragraph 3?
A. Showing sequence.
B. Giving examples.
C. Presenting numbers.
D. Describing cause and effect.
()3. Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲?
A. Use facts instead
B. Say in a calm voice
C. Share better feelings
D. Give others a chance
()4. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?
A. If you can't change others' minds, you can change yours.
B. If you're stopped, you need to give others a turn to speak.
C. To better understand others, looking for common views is necessary.
D. To have healthy communication, building strong relationships is important.

1. B 【点拨】根据“Show that you're paying attention by listening carefully without stopping them.”可知,第二段主要讲述的是如何通过肢体语言(如眼神交流、点头)、提问或复述对方的话来表明自己在倾听。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据第三段内容可知,本段通过列举具体方法(如避免粗鲁词汇、用“I”代替“You”、不用“We”语言)来说明如何恭敬地表达观点,属于“举例”。故选 B。
3. A 【点拨】根据“If you have a strong opinion, you can make a better case for it with facts. Facts are not based on personal feelings or guesses, they are true statements.”可知,本段强调“用事实而非情感支持观点”。故选 A。
4. C 【点拨】根据“Still, look for points you agree on. You may also gain a better understanding of each other's opinion.”可知,你要寻找你同意的观点,这样你们也可以更好地理解彼此的观点。故选 C。

【分析】
做这类阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题定位原文对应段落，结合选项逐一分析：第1题考查第二段主旨，需明确该段核心内容；第2题考查第三段的论证方法，需分析段落结构特点；第3题考查段落标题选择，需提炼第四段核心观点；第4题考查细节判断，需将选项与原文内容逐一比对验证。
【解析】
1. 定位第二段，该段围绕“倾听对方观点”展开，重点说明如何通过不打断、眼神交流、提问或复述等方式表现自己在认真倾听，对应选项B。A选项“为什么要倾听”未提及，C、D选项仅为段落部分细节，非主旨，故选B。
2. 第三段通过列举具体表达观点的方法（如用“I feel”代替“You”、不用粗鲁词汇等）阐述如何尊重表达，属于举例论证，故选B。
3. 第四段核心是“用事实而非情感支撑观点”，对应选项A。B、C、D均未体现该段核心，故选A。
4. 逐一比对选项：A选项原文未提及“改变自己的想法”；B选项原文是“被打断时提醒对方自己先发言，再请求发言”，并非给对方机会；C选项对应原文“寻找共同点能更好理解彼此观点”，正确；D选项原文是“健康沟通能建立牢固关系”，而非“建立关系是健康沟通的重要点”，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕人际沟通中处理分歧的策略设题，题型涵盖主旨、细节、段落结构等常规阅读理解考点，需学生精准定位原文信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6