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三、核心素养 思维品质 完形填空。
主题群:做人与做事 子主题:工匠精神 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★★
[2026 连云港调研]During the Warring States Period, there was a state called Wei. There were many long dikes(堤坝) in Wei. They 1 people from floods.
Bai Gui, an official of Wei, worked on flood control. He went to 2 those dikes quite often. One day, Bai Gui went to the dikes as usual. He found a small hole in the dike. It was only about the 3 of a grain of rice. However, Bai Gui said to workers at once, "This small hole must be 4 as soon as possible." A worker looked at the hole carefully, and he felt so 5 that he wondered what big problems such a small hole could cause.
Bai Gui explained to the workers 6 the ants could destroy the dikes sooner or later. He said, "7 we don't fix the hole in time, the ants will keep digging and make it bigger, and there will be more and more holes. The dikes will be 8 by them some day." Bai Gui also warned 9 seriously, "To keep our dikes from danger, we need to 10 small ant holes. If we leave them alone, they may cause awful floods, destroying our fields and homes. We should be careful and deal with small holes 11 to avoid trouble that small holes can turn into big ones fast. Or it will be too 12 to regret our inaction!"
Thanks to Bai Gui's hard work, the dikes in Wei were always very strong. They were 13 washed away by the floods and the people could live in peace.
The story shows that some tiny things in life seem unimportant, but if we turn a blind eye to them, they may develop into big 14. Just like ant holes, they can destroy long dikes. So, we should be 15. As soon as we find small problems, we should solve them immediately.
1. A. supported B. guided C. protected D. covered
2. A. build B. move C. check D. find
3. A. size B. colour C. height D. weight
4. A. discovered B. cleaned C. passed D. filled
5. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. surprised
6. A. why B. what C. when D. where
7. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. Till
8. A. covered B. destroyed C. repaired D. punished
9. A. him B. you C. them D. us
10. A. think of B. depend on C. look forward to D. pay attention to
11. A. noisily B. happily C. quickly D. closely
12. A. late B. hard C. early D. quick
13. A. only B. never C. ever D. also
14. A. secrets B. ideas C. facts D. problems
15. A. brave B. careful C. honest D. quiet
主题群:做人与做事 子主题:工匠精神 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★★
[2026 连云港调研]During the Warring States Period, there was a state called Wei. There were many long dikes(堤坝) in Wei. They 1 people from floods.
Bai Gui, an official of Wei, worked on flood control. He went to 2 those dikes quite often. One day, Bai Gui went to the dikes as usual. He found a small hole in the dike. It was only about the 3 of a grain of rice. However, Bai Gui said to workers at once, "This small hole must be 4 as soon as possible." A worker looked at the hole carefully, and he felt so 5 that he wondered what big problems such a small hole could cause.
Bai Gui explained to the workers 6 the ants could destroy the dikes sooner or later. He said, "7 we don't fix the hole in time, the ants will keep digging and make it bigger, and there will be more and more holes. The dikes will be 8 by them some day." Bai Gui also warned 9 seriously, "To keep our dikes from danger, we need to 10 small ant holes. If we leave them alone, they may cause awful floods, destroying our fields and homes. We should be careful and deal with small holes 11 to avoid trouble that small holes can turn into big ones fast. Or it will be too 12 to regret our inaction!"
Thanks to Bai Gui's hard work, the dikes in Wei were always very strong. They were 13 washed away by the floods and the people could live in peace.
The story shows that some tiny things in life seem unimportant, but if we turn a blind eye to them, they may develop into big 14. Just like ant holes, they can destroy long dikes. So, we should be 15. As soon as we find small problems, we should solve them immediately.
1. A. supported B. guided C. protected D. covered
2. A. build B. move C. check D. find
3. A. size B. colour C. height D. weight
4. A. discovered B. cleaned C. passed D. filled
5. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. surprised
6. A. why B. what C. when D. where
7. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. Till
8. A. covered B. destroyed C. repaired D. punished
9. A. him B. you C. them D. us
10. A. think of B. depend on C. look forward to D. pay attention to
11. A. noisily B. happily C. quickly D. closely
12. A. late B. hard C. early D. quick
13. A. only B. never C. ever D. also
14. A. secrets B. ideas C. facts D. problems
15. A. brave B. careful C. honest D. quiet
答案
1. C “protect sb. from ...”是固定搭配，表示“保护某人免受……”，这里指堤坝保护人们免受洪水侵害。
2. C 前文说他负责防洪工作，所以这里是去检查堤坝。
3. A 根据“It was only about the ... of a grain of rice.”可知，这里描述洞的大小。
4. D 根据“This small hole must be ... as soon as possible.”可知，这里说要把洞堵住。
5. D 根据“A worker looked at the hole carefully, and he felt so ... that he wondered what big problems such a small hole could cause.”可知，他感到惊讶。
6. A 根据下文可知，这里是解释蚂蚁会毁掉堤坝的原因。
7. B 根据“... we don't fix the hole in time, the ants will keep digging and make it bigger ...”可知，这里表示一种假设的情况：如果不及时补洞。
8. B 根据“The dikes will be ... by them some day.”可知，这里是说总有一天堤坝会被蚂蚁毁掉。
9. C 根据“Bai Gui also warned ... seriously ...”可知，这里指警告那些工人。
10. D 根据“To keep our dikes from danger, we need to ... small ant holes.”可知，这里是说要注意小蚁洞。
11. C 根据“We should be careful and deal with small holes ... to avoid trouble that small holes can turn into big ones fast.”可知，这里是说要迅速处理小洞。
12. A 根据“Or it will be too ... to regret our inaction!”可知，这里是说不及时处理就太晚了。
13. B 前文说多亏白圭的辛勤努力，魏国的堤坝总是很坚固。由此可知，这里是说堤坝从未被洪水冲走。
14. D 根据“The story shows that some tiny things in life seem unimportant, but if we turn a blind eye to them, they may develop into big ...”可知，这里是说小事会发展成大问题。
15. B 根据上下文可知，这里是说要小心。
2. C 前文说他负责防洪工作，所以这里是去检查堤坝。
3. A 根据“It was only about the ... of a grain of rice.”可知，这里描述洞的大小。
4. D 根据“This small hole must be ... as soon as possible.”可知，这里说要把洞堵住。
5. D 根据“A worker looked at the hole carefully, and he felt so ... that he wondered what big problems such a small hole could cause.”可知，他感到惊讶。
6. A 根据下文可知，这里是解释蚂蚁会毁掉堤坝的原因。
7. B 根据“... we don't fix the hole in time, the ants will keep digging and make it bigger ...”可知，这里表示一种假设的情况：如果不及时补洞。
8. B 根据“The dikes will be ... by them some day.”可知，这里是说总有一天堤坝会被蚂蚁毁掉。
9. C 根据“Bai Gui also warned ... seriously ...”可知，这里指警告那些工人。
10. D 根据“To keep our dikes from danger, we need to ... small ant holes.”可知，这里是说要注意小蚁洞。
11. C 根据“We should be careful and deal with small holes ... to avoid trouble that small holes can turn into big ones fast.”可知，这里是说要迅速处理小洞。
12. A 根据“Or it will be too ... to regret our inaction!”可知，这里是说不及时处理就太晚了。
13. B 前文说多亏白圭的辛勤努力，魏国的堤坝总是很坚固。由此可知，这里是说堤坝从未被洪水冲走。
14. D 根据“The story shows that some tiny things in life seem unimportant, but if we turn a blind eye to them, they may develop into big ...”可知，这里是说小事会发展成大问题。
15. B 根据上下文可知，这里是说要小心。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇以“工匠精神”为主题的记叙文完形填空，讲述战国时期魏国官员白圭发现堤坝小洞后，强调及时处理小问题的重要性，避免洪水灾害的故事。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握主旨（小问题若忽视会演变为大麻烦，需及时解决）；2. 逐空分析，结合语境提示、固定搭配、词义辨析、逻辑关系确定答案；3. 遇到不确定的空，联系上下文的前后呼应（如前文的“small hole”与后文的“big problems”）辅助判断。
【解析】
1. 选C。固定搭配“protect sb. from...”表示“保护某人免受……”，此处指堤坝保护人们免受洪水侵害，符合语境。
2. 选C。前文提到白圭负责防洪工作，因此他会经常去检查堤坝，check意为“检查”，符合语境。
3. 选A。此处描述小洞的大小，“the size of a grain of rice”表示“一粒米的大小”，size意为“大小”，符合语境。
4. 选D。结合语境，小洞需要尽快被堵住，fill意为“填充、堵住”，此处为被动语态，符合语法和语义。
5. 选D。工人看到极小的洞，疑惑其能引发大问题，因此感到惊讶，surprised意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。
6. 选A。白圭向工人解释蚂蚁会毁掉堤坝的原因，why引导原因状语从句，符合逻辑关系。
7. 选B。此处为假设条件，“如果不及时补洞，蚂蚁会继续挖洞变大”，if引导条件状语从句，符合语境。
8. 选B。蚂蚁持续挖洞最终会毁掉堤坝，destroy意为“毁掉”，此处为被动语态，符合语义。
9. 选C。白圭警告的对象是前文提到的workers，them指代工人，符合指代关系。
10. 选D。为保障堤坝安全，需要注意小蚁洞，pay attention to意为“注意”，符合语境。
11. 选C。要迅速处理小洞，避免小问题快速变大，quickly意为“迅速地”，符合语境。
12. 选A。不及时处理小洞就太晚了，too late to regret意为“太晚了后悔”，符合语义。
13. 选B。前文提到堤坝坚固，因此从未被洪水冲走，never意为“从未”，符合语境。
14. 选D。生活中的小事情若被忽视，会发展成大问题，problem意为“问题”，符合语境。
15. 选B。根据上下文，我们要小心对待小问题，careful意为“小心的”，符合主旨。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B
【知识点】
固定搭配、语境理解、词义辨析
【点评】
本文以战国时期白圭重视堤坝小洞的故事，传递了“防微杜渐、及时处理小问题”的工匠精神，语篇贴近主题，设空兼顾基础语言知识与逻辑推理，适合学生巩固完形填空的解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
这是一篇以“工匠精神”为主题的记叙文完形填空，讲述战国时期魏国官员白圭发现堤坝小洞后，强调及时处理小问题的重要性，避免洪水灾害的故事。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，把握主旨（小问题若忽视会演变为大麻烦，需及时解决）；2. 逐空分析，结合语境提示、固定搭配、词义辨析、逻辑关系确定答案；3. 遇到不确定的空，联系上下文的前后呼应（如前文的“small hole”与后文的“big problems”）辅助判断。
【解析】
1. 选C。固定搭配“protect sb. from...”表示“保护某人免受……”，此处指堤坝保护人们免受洪水侵害，符合语境。
2. 选C。前文提到白圭负责防洪工作，因此他会经常去检查堤坝，check意为“检查”，符合语境。
3. 选A。此处描述小洞的大小，“the size of a grain of rice”表示“一粒米的大小”，size意为“大小”，符合语境。
4. 选D。结合语境，小洞需要尽快被堵住，fill意为“填充、堵住”，此处为被动语态，符合语法和语义。
5. 选D。工人看到极小的洞，疑惑其能引发大问题，因此感到惊讶，surprised意为“惊讶的”，符合语境。
6. 选A。白圭向工人解释蚂蚁会毁掉堤坝的原因，why引导原因状语从句，符合逻辑关系。
7. 选B。此处为假设条件，“如果不及时补洞，蚂蚁会继续挖洞变大”，if引导条件状语从句，符合语境。
8. 选B。蚂蚁持续挖洞最终会毁掉堤坝，destroy意为“毁掉”，此处为被动语态，符合语义。
9. 选C。白圭警告的对象是前文提到的workers，them指代工人，符合指代关系。
10. 选D。为保障堤坝安全，需要注意小蚁洞，pay attention to意为“注意”，符合语境。
11. 选C。要迅速处理小洞，避免小问题快速变大，quickly意为“迅速地”，符合语境。
12. 选A。不及时处理小洞就太晚了，too late to regret意为“太晚了后悔”，符合语义。
13. 选B。前文提到堤坝坚固，因此从未被洪水冲走，never意为“从未”，符合语境。
14. 选D。生活中的小事情若被忽视，会发展成大问题，problem意为“问题”，符合语境。
15. 选B。根据上下文，我们要小心对待小问题，careful意为“小心的”，符合主旨。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.B
【知识点】
固定搭配、语境理解、词义辨析
【点评】
本文以战国时期白圭重视堤坝小洞的故事，传递了“防微杜渐、及时处理小问题”的工匠精神，语篇贴近主题，设空兼顾基础语言知识与逻辑推理，适合学生巩固完形填空的解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.5
