七、任务型阅读。
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone has a family name. What do you know about English names?
1 In China, the family name comes before the first name, but in English-speaking countries, the family name comes after the first name. Do you know how British people get their family names? 2
First, some family names come from the places of their homes. 3 In the UK, a person's family name may be Wood or Lake, because he/she lives near the woods or a lake.
4 If someone is a cook, his family name may be Cook. And Mr Smith may be a smith(铁匠). There is also Mr Tailor who is a tailor and Mr Miller who is a miller(磨坊工人), etc. In addition, many people get their family names from their fathers' given names. 5
At last, some family names are from colours—Green, Brown, White, Black... But the first letters of them are capital letters.
A. Let me tell you some interesting stories.
B. Next, family names come from people's jobs.
C. A Chinese name is different from an English name.
D. British people usually get their family names in these ways.
E. If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill.
F. When you hear the name "Jackson", you know that he is the son of Jack.
G. Sometimes even though you are listening carefully.
1.
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone has a family name. What do you know about English names?
1 In China, the family name comes before the first name, but in English-speaking countries, the family name comes after the first name. Do you know how British people get their family names? 2
First, some family names come from the places of their homes. 3 In the UK, a person's family name may be Wood or Lake, because he/she lives near the woods or a lake.
4 If someone is a cook, his family name may be Cook. And Mr Smith may be a smith(铁匠). There is also Mr Tailor who is a tailor and Mr Miller who is a miller(磨坊工人), etc. In addition, many people get their family names from their fathers' given names. 5
At last, some family names are from colours—Green, Brown, White, Black... But the first letters of them are capital letters.
A. Let me tell you some interesting stories.
B. Next, family names come from people's jobs.
C. A Chinese name is different from an English name.
D. British people usually get their family names in these ways.
E. If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill.
F. When you hear the name "Jackson", you know that he is the son of Jack.
G. Sometimes even though you are listening carefully.
1.
C
2. D
3. E
4. B
5. F
答案
七、1. C 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. F
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍英语姓氏由来的说明类七选五阅读,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章核心逻辑:先对比中英姓名的顺序差异,再分点介绍英国人获取姓氏的几类常见来源。接下来逐空结合上下文的逻辑线索匹配选项:
1. 第一空后文直接对比中、英文姓名里姓氏和名字的先后顺序,需要一个总起句引出二者的差异;
2. 第二空前文提出“你知道英国人怎么得到姓氏吗”的问题,后文开始分点介绍不同来源,需要承上启下的过渡句;
3. 第三空所在段主题是“部分姓氏来自居住的地点”,后文给出了Wood、Lake的相关举例,此处需要同类型的地点相关姓氏例子衔接;
4. 第四空后文全部是Cook、Smith等和职业对应的姓氏举例,此处需要该段的主题句点明姓氏和职业的关联;
5. 第五空前文提到“很多人的姓氏来自父亲的名字”,此处需要对应这个规则的具体举例即可匹配答案。
【解析】
1. 空后内容直接对比中国和英语国家姓名中姓氏、名字的排列顺序,C选项“中文名字和英文名字不一样”刚好引出下文的对比内容,符合语境。
2. 空前提出关于英国人姓氏来源的问题,空后开始分点介绍不同的姓氏获取方式,D选项“英国人通常通过这些方式得到他们的姓氏”起到承上启下的过渡作用,衔接前后文逻辑。
3. 本段核心主题是姓氏来自居住的地点,E选项“如果一个人住在山上或者山附近,他的姓氏可能是Hill”是和居住地点相关的姓氏举例,和后文Wood、Lake的例子逻辑一致,契合段落主题。
4. 空后列举了厨师、铁匠、裁缝等对应职业的姓氏,B选项“接下来,姓氏来自人们的职业”是本段的主题句,总领后文所有职业相关的举例内容。
5. 前文说明很多人的姓氏来自父亲的名字,F选项“当你听到Jackson这个名字的时候,你就知道他是Jack的儿子”是对“姓氏取自父名”规则的具体举例,完全契合前文表述。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. F
【知识点】
七选五阅读,英语姓名文化,逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题属于文化类说明文体的七选五习题,文章有非常清晰的分点标识词First、Next、In addition、At last,逻辑线索明确,学生只需要抓住每段的核心主题,结合过渡句、主题句、举例的对应关系就能快速选出答案,既可以训练学生的语篇逻辑梳理能力,也能补充英语国家的基础文化常识。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍英语姓氏由来的说明类七选五阅读,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章核心逻辑:先对比中英姓名的顺序差异,再分点介绍英国人获取姓氏的几类常见来源。接下来逐空结合上下文的逻辑线索匹配选项:
1. 第一空后文直接对比中、英文姓名里姓氏和名字的先后顺序,需要一个总起句引出二者的差异;
2. 第二空前文提出“你知道英国人怎么得到姓氏吗”的问题,后文开始分点介绍不同来源,需要承上启下的过渡句;
3. 第三空所在段主题是“部分姓氏来自居住的地点”,后文给出了Wood、Lake的相关举例,此处需要同类型的地点相关姓氏例子衔接;
4. 第四空后文全部是Cook、Smith等和职业对应的姓氏举例,此处需要该段的主题句点明姓氏和职业的关联;
5. 第五空前文提到“很多人的姓氏来自父亲的名字”,此处需要对应这个规则的具体举例即可匹配答案。
【解析】
1. 空后内容直接对比中国和英语国家姓名中姓氏、名字的排列顺序,C选项“中文名字和英文名字不一样”刚好引出下文的对比内容,符合语境。
2. 空前提出关于英国人姓氏来源的问题,空后开始分点介绍不同的姓氏获取方式,D选项“英国人通常通过这些方式得到他们的姓氏”起到承上启下的过渡作用,衔接前后文逻辑。
3. 本段核心主题是姓氏来自居住的地点,E选项“如果一个人住在山上或者山附近,他的姓氏可能是Hill”是和居住地点相关的姓氏举例,和后文Wood、Lake的例子逻辑一致,契合段落主题。
4. 空后列举了厨师、铁匠、裁缝等对应职业的姓氏,B选项“接下来,姓氏来自人们的职业”是本段的主题句,总领后文所有职业相关的举例内容。
5. 前文说明很多人的姓氏来自父亲的名字,F选项“当你听到Jackson这个名字的时候,你就知道他是Jack的儿子”是对“姓氏取自父名”规则的具体举例,完全契合前文表述。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. F
【知识点】
七选五阅读,英语姓名文化,逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题属于文化类说明文体的七选五习题,文章有非常清晰的分点标识词First、Next、In addition、At last,逻辑线索明确,学生只需要抓住每段的核心主题,结合过渡句、主题句、举例的对应关系就能快速选出答案,既可以训练学生的语篇逻辑梳理能力,也能补充英语国家的基础文化常识。
【难度系数】
0.8
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