(三)
主题:传统节气 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★★ 建议用时:10分钟 正确率: /10
阅读下面的短文,并根据所读内容,在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词。
(2025·泰州三模改编)After Grain Full(小满) in May, the eighth solar term(节气), Grain in Ear(芒种) falls in early June. It begins on the day when the Sun is exactly at the ecliptic longitude(黄经) of 75°. This year, Grain in Ear is on June 5th.
The arrival of Grain in Ear means the ripening(成熟) of crops such as wheat. It is also a busy time for farmers. There is a saying that goes, "Getting busy with farm work in Grain in Ear," which is popular in many provinces. Grain in Ear is very important for planting rice.
In Chinese, "Grain in Ear" is called Mang Zhong. Mang means being busy with grains. It also means the farmer is getting back to the busy work. During this period(时期), the areas around the Yangtze River enter the rainy season. Insects come out and birds start to sing.
Welcome the god of flowers
In ancient times, people welcomed the god of flowers with the Flower Festival on the second day of the second lunar month. Flowers begin to wither(凋谢) before Grain in Ear. People usually hold ceremonies(仪式) to worship(祭祀) the god of flowers on the first day of Grain in Ear, and show thanks to the god of flowers, hoping to meet again next year.
Hold mud(泥巴) fights
Young Dong minority(侗族) men and women in southern Guizhou Province hold mud fights before and after Grain in Ear every year. On the first day of Grain in Ear, new couples plant rice together with close friends. At the same time, they play with mud and enjoy a mud fight.
At the end of the activity, the one who gets the most mud on his/her body is seen to be the most popular.
Boil plums(煮梅)
In southern China, plums become ripe in May and June. In the Three Kingdoms Period, many sayings about these plums were everywhere, for example, "commenting on a hero while warming the plum wine(青梅煮酒论英雄)". These plums have a special cultural value.
Green plums are rich in nutrients and are good for the human body. However, most fresh plums taste not good, so lots of people don't eat them directly.

| 1 and meaning of Grain in Ear | • Grain in Ear is the 2 solar term. In 2026, it falls on June 5th.
• This period shows the 3 of a busy season in farming.
• The 4 around the Yangtze River enter the rainy season.
• Animals 5 with the seasonal changes. |
| --- | --- |
| Traditional 6 | Welcoming the flower god | In ancient times, people held ceremonies on Grain in Ear to worship the flower god. It is a way to welcome the flower god and 7 for next year's meeting with the god. |
| | Mud Fights | • 8 Dong people in Guizhou celebrate with mud fights around Grain in Ear.
• People think the muddiest person is the most 9 among them. |
| | Boiling plums | In southern China, plums become ripe during this time. Plums hold cultural and health 10. |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. Time
2. ninth
3. arrival/start
4. areas/places
5. appear
6. activities
7. hope
8. Young
9. popular
10. value

【分析】
这是一篇介绍二十四节气芒种的任务型阅读填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，梳理文章结构：文章先介绍芒种的基本属性、气候特征，再介绍芒种对应的三项传统习俗，和表格的结构完全对应。接下来逐空回到原文定位相关内容，优先匹配原文原词，遇到需要转换的空结合上下文语义、语法形式确定最恰当的单词，注意每空只能填入一个单词，同时要符合表格的主题逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第一空所在栏目的内容涵盖芒种的节气排序、日期、农忙属性、气候特征等基础信息，和并列的meaning（意义）对应，主题为芒种的时间与意义，因此填Time，首字母大写。
2. 原文第一段明确提到小满是第八个节气，芒种在小满之后，因此芒种是第九个节气，填序数词ninth。
3. 原文第二段说明芒种的到来意味着农忙时段开启，对应“农忙季节的到来/开始”，可填arrival或者start。
4. 原文第三段直接给出原句“the areas around the Yangtze River enter the rainy season”，因此可填areas，同义替换的places也符合语义。
5. 原文第三段提到芒种时节昆虫出没、鸟儿开始鸣叫，说明动物随季节变化出现，填动词appear符合语境。
6. 该栏下的迎花神、打泥仗、煮梅都是芒种的传统活动，因此填复数名词activities。
7. 原文第四段提到古人祭祀花神是为了向花神致谢，期盼来年再次相见，表格中和welcome并列，用动词原形hope。
8. 原文第五段直接说明是贵州的侗族青年在芒种前后举办打泥仗活动，提取原词Young，首字母大写。
9. 原文第六段明确提到身上泥巴最多的人被认为是最受欢迎的，直接填原词popular。
10. 原文最后部分提到青梅有特殊的文化价值，同时富含营养对人体有益，因此青梅兼具文化和健康价值，填名词value。
【答案】
1. Time
2. ninth
3. arrival/start
4. areas/places
5. appear
6. activities
7. hope
8. Young
9. popular
10. value
【知识点】
任务型阅读、信息定位、词汇同义转换
【点评】
本题以中国传统二十四节气芒种为主题，既考查学生快速从文本中定位关键信息的能力，少量空格也需要学生结合文本逻辑进行合理推导和同义替换，同时渗透了中华优秀传统文化相关常识，引导学生关注传统节气习俗，整体区分度较好。
【难度系数】
0.5