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训练2 体裁: 说明文 主题: 人与动物 难度: ★★★★★ 建议用时: 8 min 正确率: /4
（原创）Bitterns, Britain’s loudest birds, had another record-breaking year with 228 males(雄性) counted in 2021, up from 209 in 2019, according to the RSPB(The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds) and Natural England.
Bitterns are birds good at pretence(伪装). They are so shy that they like to hide in reed beds. So the best way to count their number in the breeding season is to listen to the males' foghorn call. The sound can be heard from three miles away.
However, their number was very low. Bitterns went extinct across the UK in the 1870s because of people's over-hunting for food and drying-out of their wetland(湿地) homes for agriculture(农业). They came back to Britain in the early 20th century, and recovery(恢复) of wetlands has doubled their number in ten years, with over half with the help of RSPB.
A key part of bringing bitterns' number back up was restoring, recreating, and protecting their wetland homes. Rewetting these places also helps stop flooding and fight the climate change. Because wetlands are amazing carbon(碳) sponges and wetlands by the sea can lock more carbon than forests.
Simon Wotton, RSPB Senior Conservation Scientist, said, "The bitterns' recovery shows how quickly nature can return to its former state—and we all benefit from(从……受益) creating healthy habitats for wildlife. People get such joy from hearing the bitterns' foghorn-like song, and their wetland homes also protect people from flooding and help to soak up carbon. It's a win-win for animals and people, and we wish that one day the growth of the bitterns will be heard around the UK once more."
1. How much did the number of male bitterns grow from 2019 to 2021?
＞＞ 数字计算题
A. 9.
B. 19.
C. 209.
D. 228.
2. Scientists count bitterns' number by
＞＞ 直接理解题
A. hiding in reed beds
B. making pretence like bitterns
C. watching the birds from 3 miles away
D. listening to the male's foghorn-like song
3. Why should we protect wetlands according to the passage?
＞＞ 语义转换题
A. Because they will cause flooding.
B. Because they give home to people.
C. Because they are good at locking carbon.
D. Because the places for agriculture are quite a lot.
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. There will be more wetlands the next year.
B. There will be more and more bitterns the next year.
C. Only animals can benefit from making healthy space.
D. Protecting the environment(环境) is protecting ourselves.
（原创）Bitterns, Britain’s loudest birds, had another record-breaking year with 228 males(雄性) counted in 2021, up from 209 in 2019, according to the RSPB(The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds) and Natural England.
Bitterns are birds good at pretence(伪装). They are so shy that they like to hide in reed beds. So the best way to count their number in the breeding season is to listen to the males' foghorn call. The sound can be heard from three miles away.
However, their number was very low. Bitterns went extinct across the UK in the 1870s because of people's over-hunting for food and drying-out of their wetland(湿地) homes for agriculture(农业). They came back to Britain in the early 20th century, and recovery(恢复) of wetlands has doubled their number in ten years, with over half with the help of RSPB.
A key part of bringing bitterns' number back up was restoring, recreating, and protecting their wetland homes. Rewetting these places also helps stop flooding and fight the climate change. Because wetlands are amazing carbon(碳) sponges and wetlands by the sea can lock more carbon than forests.
Simon Wotton, RSPB Senior Conservation Scientist, said, "The bitterns' recovery shows how quickly nature can return to its former state—and we all benefit from(从……受益) creating healthy habitats for wildlife. People get such joy from hearing the bitterns' foghorn-like song, and their wetland homes also protect people from flooding and help to soak up carbon. It's a win-win for animals and people, and we wish that one day the growth of the bitterns will be heard around the UK once more."
1. How much did the number of male bitterns grow from 2019 to 2021?
＞＞ 数字计算题
A. 9.
B. 19.
C. 209.
D. 228.
2. Scientists count bitterns' number by
D
.＞＞ 直接理解题
A. hiding in reed beds
B. making pretence like bitterns
C. watching the birds from 3 miles away
D. listening to the male's foghorn-like song
3. Why should we protect wetlands according to the passage?
＞＞ 语义转换题
A. Because they will cause flooding.
B. Because they give home to people.
C. Because they are good at locking carbon.
D. Because the places for agriculture are quite a lot.
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. There will be more wetlands the next year.
B. There will be more and more bitterns the next year.
C. Only animals can benefit from making healthy space.
D. Protecting the environment(环境) is protecting ourselves.
答案
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“with 228 males counted in 2021, up from 209 in 2019”可知雄性麻鳽的数量从2019年的209只增长到2021年的228只，一共增长了19只。故选B。
＞＞ 数字计算题
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“So the best way to count their number in the breeding season is to listen to the males' foghorn call.”可知计算麻鳽数量的最佳方式是听雄性麻鳽的叫声。故选D。
＞＞ 直接理解题
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Because wetlands are amazing carbon sponges and wetlands by the sea can lock more carbon than forests.”可知湿地固碳能力强。故选C。
＞＞ 语义转换题
4. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据“we all benefit from creating healthy habitats for wildlife ... their wetland homes also protect people from flooding and help to soak up carbon. It's a win-win for animals and people”可知人们保护湿地可以预防洪水，吸收二氧化碳，对人们有益，由此可知保护环境就是保护人类。故选D。
＞＞ 数字计算题
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“So the best way to count their number in the breeding season is to listen to the males' foghorn call.”可知计算麻鳽数量的最佳方式是听雄性麻鳽的叫声。故选D。
＞＞ 直接理解题
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Because wetlands are amazing carbon sponges and wetlands by the sea can lock more carbon than forests.”可知湿地固碳能力强。故选C。
＞＞ 语义转换题
4. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据“we all benefit from creating healthy habitats for wildlife ... their wetland homes also protect people from flooding and help to soak up carbon. It's a win-win for animals and people”可知人们保护湿地可以预防洪水，吸收二氧化碳，对人们有益，由此可知保护环境就是保护人类。故选D。
解析
【分析】本题为说明文阅读理解，主题围绕人与动物（麻鳽保护及湿地作用）展开，共4道题，涵盖数字计算、直接理解、语义转换、推理判断类型。解题思路：先通读原文把握大意，再针对每道题的题干关键词回原文定位，找到对应信息后逐一分析选项，排除与原文不符的干扰项，从而得出正确答案。
【解析】1. 数字计算题：根据第一段“with 228 males counted in 2021, up from 209 in 2019”可知，2019年雄性麻鳽数量为209只，2021年为228只，增长量为228-209=19，故选B。2. 直接理解题：根据第二段“So the best way to count their number in the breeding season is to listen to the males' foghorn call.”可知，计算麻鳽数量的最佳方式是听雄性麻鳽类似雾角的叫声，对应选项D。3. 语义转换题：根据第四段“Because wetlands are amazing carbon sponges and wetlands by the sea can lock more carbon than forests.”可知，湿地能有效固碳，这是保护湿地的原因，对应选项C。4. 推理判断题：根据最后一段“we all benefit from creating healthy habitats for wildlife ... their wetland homes also protect people from flooding and help to soak up carbon. It's a win-win for animals and people”可知，保护湿地（环境）既利于动物也利于人类，即保护环境就是保护人类自己，对应选项D。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、数字计算题
【点评】本题以麻鳽种群恢复及湿地保护为话题，题型设置贴合原文，考查学生快速定位信息、分析推理的能力，是典型的说明文阅读理解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4
【解析】1. 数字计算题：根据第一段“with 228 males counted in 2021, up from 209 in 2019”可知，2019年雄性麻鳽数量为209只，2021年为228只，增长量为228-209=19，故选B。2. 直接理解题：根据第二段“So the best way to count their number in the breeding season is to listen to the males' foghorn call.”可知，计算麻鳽数量的最佳方式是听雄性麻鳽类似雾角的叫声，对应选项D。3. 语义转换题：根据第四段“Because wetlands are amazing carbon sponges and wetlands by the sea can lock more carbon than forests.”可知，湿地能有效固碳，这是保护湿地的原因，对应选项C。4. 推理判断题：根据最后一段“we all benefit from creating healthy habitats for wildlife ... their wetland homes also protect people from flooding and help to soak up carbon. It's a win-win for animals and people”可知，保护湿地（环境）既利于动物也利于人类，即保护环境就是保护人类自己，对应选项D。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解题、数字计算题
【点评】本题以麻鳽种群恢复及湿地保护为话题，题型设置贴合原文，考查学生快速定位信息、分析推理的能力，是典型的说明文阅读理解题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.4
