三、阅读文段并完成文段后的练习
Role Models of Our Times
Two excellent Chinese scientists, who were awarded the Medal of the Republic
in 2019, are certainly the role models of our times.
One is Yuan Longping. He is called the "father of hybrid rice". In 1974, he
successfully developed a special type of rice, and it can produce a 20% higher yield.
This helped China become No. 1 in rice production. Because of the achievement, he
won the Highest National Science and Technology Award. The
crop is now grown in more than 30 countries and regions. By 2003, half of China's rice
production area had been planted with hybrid rice. Yuan set world records in hybrid rice
yields in 1999, 2005, 2011 and 2017. Yuan provided a solution to worldwide hunger.
The other is Tu Youyou. She is the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of artemisinin, a group of drugs
used to treat malaria. She and her workmates studied ancient Chinese
medicine books and different traditional treatments. After doing nearly 200
experiments, they finally succeeded in getting artemisinin. This drug became the
standard treatment for malaria on the World Health Organization list of essential
medicines. Thanks to Tu's contribution, more than 240 million people in Africa have
benefited, and over 1.5 million lives have been saved since 2000.
1. 根据文段内容，填写以下表格。
Yuan Longping
Job: scientist
Honour: the Medal of the Republic; (1) ; the Highest
National Science and Technology Award
Achievements: successfully (2) hybrid rice and provided a
solution to (3)
Tu Youyou
Job: scientist
Honour: the Medal of the Republic; (4)
Achievements: discovered (5) and (6)
millions of lives from malaria
2. 根据上下文，推断画线词语的词义。
(1) yield (2) treat
(3) benefit

1. (1)"father of hybrid rice" (2) developed (3)worldwide hunger (4)the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine (5) artemisinin (6)saved
2. (1)产量 (2)治疗 (3)受益

【分析】
这是一篇人物主题的基础英语阅读题，解题思路非常清晰：第一部分的表格填空题属于细节信息提取类题型，只需要带着每个空对应的人物、问题关键词，回到原文对应段落逐句定位，找到和题干描述匹配的原句，直接提取对应信息即可；第二部分的词义推断题，结合画线词所在的上下文语境，联系前后提到的水稻产出、药物和疾病、救人获益等相关内容，结合生活常识就能准确推断出单词的中文含义，不需要用到超纲知识。
【解析】
1. 表格填空逐空定位原文对应内容：
(1) 原文第二段明确说明袁隆平被称为"father of hybrid rice"，属于他的荣誉称号，符合题干Honour的填写要求；
(2) 原文第二段"In 1974, he successfully developed a special type of rice"直接对应题干描述的成功研发杂交水稻，填developed；
(3) 原文第二段末尾"Yuan provided a solution to worldwide hunger"直接给出对应内容，填worldwide hunger；
(4) 原文第三段提到屠呦呦的荣誉是获得the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine，符合题干Honour的填写要求；
(5) 原文第三段说明屠呦呦的核心成就是发现了artemisinin，填artemisinin；
(6) 原文第三段提到该成果落地后挽救了超150万生命，对应题干“从疟疾中______数百万人的生命”的描述，填saved。
2. 结合语境推断画线词词义：
(1) yield所在句描述杂交水稻比普通水稻高出20%，和水稻的生产产出直接相关，推断词义为产量；
(2) treat后面接疾病malaria（疟疾），药物的核心作用是医治疾病，推断词义为治疗；
(3) benefit所在句说明屠呦呦的贡献让非洲大量民众得到正向收益，挽救了很多生命，推断词义为受益。
【答案】
1. (1)"father of hybrid rice" (2) developed (3)worldwide hunger (4)the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (5) artemisinin (6)saved
2. (1)产量 (2)治疗 (3)受益
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，英语词义猜测，语篇信息提取
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的人物类阅读题，考点设置清晰合理，既考察学生快速从文本中定位关键信息的基础阅读能力，也通过词义猜测题锻炼学生结合语境推导生词含义的能力，同时还能让学生了解两位共和国勋章获得者的相关事迹，兼顾语言学习和价值引导。
【难度系数】
0.8