七、阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:文化含义 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025 无锡市天一实验学校期中]① In Chinese celebrations, whether it is an important birthday or a traditional festival, one of the most typical(典型的) elements(元素) is the lucky and auspicious(吉祥的) symbols.
② To most Chinese people, when it comes to lucky symbols, the top three are surely fu, lu and shou.
③ During Chinese New Year, we would put up red squares with the character fu on them. Some people would put their fu character upside down.
④ Lu often has something to do with one's job and richness. Lu means good pay and ranks(等级) in ancient China. Hulu, or gourds(葫芦), sounds like hulu(护禄). So people use gourds to scare away bad spirits and illnesses and keep rich and successful.
⑤ Shou means longevity. When someone is having his birthday celebration, we would call this person shouxing. At birthday parties for elder people, we often see peaches. According to the legend, the Queen Mother of the West grows peaches in her own garden, and whoever eats these peaches will live forever.
⑥ Besides the three, lucky and auspicious symbols can also be easily found in food. For the Chinese New Year dinner, most families would have fish because it sounds like "surplus(有余)". In southern China, niangao, a kind of rice cake, is a lucky food because niangao sounds like "getting higher every year".
1. The writer mainly tells us about .
A. typical traditional Chinese festivals
B. the secrets of richness and success
C. traditional Chinese eating culture
D. Chinese lucky and auspicious symbols
2. When a Chinese person wants to get a better job, he or she may .
A. call shouxing for help
B. wear a gourd with him or her
C. grow peaches in his or her garden
D. have tangyuan with family often
3. (创新考法·篇章结构)The structure of the passage may be .

1. D 主旨大意题。根据“To most Chinese people, when it comes to lucky symbols, the top three are surely fu, lu and shou.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国文化中幸运吉祥的象征。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，葫芦，听起来像“护禄”，意思是“保护禄”，所以中国人想要一份更好的工作时，会随身带一个葫芦。
3. D 篇章结构题。第一段是讲在中国的庆祝活动中，最典型的元素之一是幸运和吉祥的寓意；第二段是介绍幸运和吉祥的象征——福禄寿；第三、四、五段分别介绍了福、禄、寿的含义及应用；最后一段介绍了除福禄寿这三个以外，有这种寓意的还有一些食物，所以D项为文章结构。

【分析】要解答篇章结构题，需梳理文章各段落的逻辑关系：第①段总起，指出中国庆祝活动中典型元素是吉祥象征；第②段总述福禄寿是主要吉祥象征；第③-⑤段分别详细介绍福、禄、寿的含义与应用；第⑥段补充介绍其他吉祥象征（食物类）。据此匹配选项的结构即可。
【解析】文章结构分析：第①段（对应选项中的1）引出吉祥象征这一主题；第②段（对应选项中的2）总述福禄寿是核心吉祥象征；第③-⑤段（对应选项中的3、4、5）分别详细介绍福、禄、寿；第⑥段（对应选项中的6）补充其他吉祥象征。匹配选项：A结构为1连2、3，3连4、5，不符合；B结构为1连2，2连3、4、5、6，不符合；C结构为1连2、3，3连4、5、6，不符合；D结构为1连2、6，2连3、4、5，与文章结构完全对应，故选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】阅读理解篇章结构
【点评】本题考查学生对文章段落逻辑结构的梳理能力，需准确划分段落层次并匹配结构图示，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5